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| Preface | |
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| Foundations | |
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| Philosophy of Early Education | |
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| The Importance of an Attitude of Science | |
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| What Is an Attitude of Science? | |
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| The History of Disability Rights | |
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| Individualization | |
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| Inclusion | |
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| Personalization | |
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| What Is Meant by Personalization in Early Education and Intervention? | |
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| The Implications of Personalization | |
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| The Importance of Being Culturally Sensitive | |
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| Population Trends | |
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| Economics | |
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| Family Composition | |
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| Summary on Diversity | |
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| The Importance of Serving Children in the Context of a Family | |
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| What Is a Family? | |
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| Empowerment | |
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| The Importance of Working Collaboratively | |
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| Close Up: The 2011 Annual Report of the Children's Defense Fund | |
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| Teaming Models | |
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| Collaboration in Early Intervention | |
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| Infants and Toddlers with Disabilities: Relationship-Based Approaches | |
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| The Importance of Ethical Conduct and Advocacy | |
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| Advocacy Issues | |
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| How to Get Involved in Advocacy | |
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| In Conclusion | |
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| Study Guide Questions | |
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| Relationship-Based Teaming with Families | |
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| Close Up: Paraeducators in Special Education Programs | |
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| Relationship-Based Services to Families | |
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| Facts Related to Understanding Families | |
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| Parental Responses to the Diagnosis of a Disability | |
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| Family Hardiness | |
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| Barriers to Relationships | |
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| Communication Between Parents and Professionals | |
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| Active Listening | |
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| Communicating Well | |
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| Special Skills for Communicating with Parents at the Time of Diagnosis | |
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| Conferencing with Parents | |
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| Responses to Family Priorities | |
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| Constraints and Conflicts | |
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| Cultural Constraints | |
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| Close Up: The Journey to Accepting Support | |
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| Formation of Collaborative Teams | |
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| Teaming and IDEIA | |
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| Responsibilities of Collaborative Teams | |
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| In Conclusion | |
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| Study Guide Questions | |
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| Human Development, Typical and Atypical | |
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| Principles of Human Development | |
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| Importance and Use of Knowledge of Human Development | |
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| Prenatal Growth and Development | |
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| Child Growth and Development | |
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| Close Up: The Effect of War on Children in Iraq | |
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| Patterns of Growth | |
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| Size | |
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| Developmental Patterns | |
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| Physical Growth | |
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| Theories of Development | |
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| Principles and Patterns of Development | |
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| Infants Are Highly Competent Organisms | |
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| Infants Are Socially Interactive | |
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| Infants Are Active Learners | |
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| Infant Development Is Multidimensional | |
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| Developmental Sequencing Is Universal | |
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| Skills Become More Specialized | |
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| Plasticity Is a Phenomenon of Brain Development | |
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| Critical Learning Periods Exist in Normal Development | |
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| Infant Relationships Are the Key to Cognitive Development | |
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| Children Undergo Several Transitions | |
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| Individual Differences Exist Among Children | |
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| Factors Influencing Development | |
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| Family Structure | |
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| Childcare | |
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| Psychological Factors | |
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| Education | |
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| Culture | |
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| Technology | |
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| In Conclusion | |
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| Study Guide Questions | |
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| Human Development: Birth to Six | |
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| Milestones of Development | |
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| Motor Development | |
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| Gross Motor Development | |
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| Fine Motor Skills | |
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| Language Development | |
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| Language Form | |
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| Morphological Development | |
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| Language Content | |
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| Language Use | |
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| Factors Affecting Language Development | |
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| Cognitive Development | |
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| Theories of Cognition | |
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| Social-Emotional Development | |
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| Social Play | |
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| Self-Help Development | |
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| Independent Eating and Drinking Skills | |
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| Dressing Skills | |
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| Toileting Skills | |
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| Personal Responsibility | |
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| In Conclusion | |
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| Study Guide Questions | |
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| Development and Risk During Prenatal, Natal, and Postnatal Stages | |
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| Prenatal Growth and Development | |
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| Effects of Prematurity on Body Systems | |
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| Maternal Conditions Affecting Pregnancy Outcomes | |
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| Preconceptual Maternal Conditions | |
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| Prenatal Maternal Conditions | |
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| Common Conditions of Gestation | |
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| Maternal/Infant Natal Complications | |
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| Prolapsed Cord/Entangled Cord | |
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| Neonatal Conditions | |
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| Hypoxic-Ischemic Perinatal Brain Injury | |
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| Meconium Aspiration Syndrome | |
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| Close Up: Why Does the United States Have Such a High Infant Mortality Rate? | |
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| Postnatal Conditions | |
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| Prematurity | |
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| Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) | |
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| Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) | |
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| Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) | |
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| Hyperbilirubinemia | |
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| Neutral Thermoregulation | |
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| Intraventricular Hemmorhage (IVH) | |
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| Apnea of Prematurity | |
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| Infections | |
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| Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) | |
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| Anemia | |
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| Nutrition | |
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| Failure to Thrive | |
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| Intervention for Infants Born Prematurely | |
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| In Utero Toxins and Pregnancy Outcomes | |
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| Fetal Alcohol Syndrome | |
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| Prenatal Exposure to Drugs | |
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| Implications for Infants and Children Prenatally Exposed to Drugs | |
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| Chemical Toxic Exposure in Fetal Environment | |
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| In Conclusion | |
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| Study Guide Questions | |
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| Conditions Affecting the Neurological Function | |
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| Diagnostic Tools | |
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| X rays | |
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| Computerized Axial Tomography | |
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| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | |
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| Near-Infrared Spectroscopy | |
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| Functional Imaging | |
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| Ultrasonography | |
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| Electroencephalography | |
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| Neurological Disabilities | |
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| Cerebral Palsy | |
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| Seizures | |
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| Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) | |
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| Traumatic Brain Injury | |
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| Close Up: The Promise of Stem Cell Research | |
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| Congenital Physical Malformations | |
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| Neural Tube Defects | |
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| Microcephaly | |
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| Hydrocephalus | |
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| In Conclusion | |
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| Study Guide Questions | |
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| Inborn Variations of Development | |
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| Genetics | |
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| Cellular Activity of Genetics | |
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| Single Gene Disorders | |
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| Chromosome Disorders | |
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| Multifactorial Disorders | |
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| Prenatal Testing | |
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| Gene Therapy | |
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| Genetic Variations in Development | |
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| Cystic Fibrosis | |
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| Close Up: Designer Babies | |
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| Down Syndrome | |
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| Fragile X Syndrome | |
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| Muscular Dystrophy | |
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| Phenylketonuria | |
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| Sickle Cell Disease | |
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| Turner Syndrome | |
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| Syndromes with Unknown Causes | |
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| Autism Spectrum Disorder | |
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| Tourette Syndrome | |
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| Physical Anomalies | |
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| Congenital Heart Defects | |
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| Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate | |
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| In Conclusion | |
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| Study Guide Questions | |
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| Sensory Impairments and Infections | |
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| Hearing Impairments | |
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| Hearing Process | |
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| Hearing Loss | |
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| Identification of Hearing Loss | |
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| Developmental Implications and Resolutions | |
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| Informing and Working with Parents | |
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| Visual Impairments | |
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| Visual Process | |
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| Causes of Visual Impairment | |
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| Close Up: Childhood Epidemics of the 21st Century | |
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| Developmental Implications and Resolutions | |
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| Informing and Working with Parents | |
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| Infections in Early Childhood | |
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| Bacterial Infections | |
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| Viral Infections | |
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| Meningitis and Encephalitis | |
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| In Conclusion | |
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| Study Guide Questions | |
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| Educational Programs and Services | |
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| Discretionary Programs for Infants and Toddlers with Special Needs | |
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| The Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act: Public Law 108-446 | |
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| IDEIA, Part C Regulations | |
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| Family-Centered Early Intervention | |
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| Service Coordination | |
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| Interagency Services | |
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| Eligible Children | |
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| Developmental Delay | |
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| Procedural Safeguards | |
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| Assessment | |
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| IDEIA Guidelines for Assessment | |
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| Eligibility Determination | |
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| Program Planning | |
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| Close Up: Randomized Trial of Intensive Early Intervention for Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorder | |
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| Family Assessment | |
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| Individualized Family Service Plan (IFSP) Development | |
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| Selecting IFSP Family-Centered Outcomes | |
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| A Sample IFSP | |
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| Effective Family-Centered Early Intervention | |
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| Evidence-Based Practice | |
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| In Conclusion | |
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| Study Guide Questions | |
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| Mandated Services for Young Children | |
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| A Change of Perspective | |
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| Parent Rights and Responsibilities | |
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| The Individualized Education Program | |
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| Present Levels of Academic and Functional Performance | |
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| Annual Goals and Short-Term Objectives | |
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| Guidelines for Developing Good Objectives | |
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| Special Education and Related Services | |
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| Least Restrictive Environment | |
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| Other Considerations | |
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| Instructional Methods | |
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| Experiences and Activities | |
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| Generalization | |
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| The Physical Environment | |
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| Material Adaptations | |
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| Data Collection and Evaluation | |
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| Assistive Technology | |
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| Close Up: The Changing Culture of Childhood: A Perfect Storm | |
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| Supplementary Aids and Services | |
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| Challenging Behavior | |
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| Creating Quality IEPS | |
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| Best Practices in Preschool Intervention | |
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| Successful Inclusion | |
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| In Conclusion | |
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| Study Guide Questions | |
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| Glossary | |
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| References | |
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| Author Index | |
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| Subject Index | |