| Understanding Sentences | |
| Introduction: The Conventions of Language | |
| Sentence Patterns and Conventions | |
| Subject and Predicate, Noun and Verb | |
| Articles and Other Modifiers | |
| Sentence Pattern 1: subject + verb | |
| Sentence Pattern 2A: subject + verb + direct object | |
| Sentence Pattern 2B: passive voice | |
| Sentence Pattern 3: subject + verb + indirect object + direct object | |
| Sentence Pattern 4A: subject + linking verb + subjective complement (predicate adjective) | |
| Sentence Pattern 4B: subject + linking verb + subjective complement (predicate noun) | |
| Sentence Pattern 5A: subject + verb + direct object + objective complement (adjective) | |
| Sentence Pattern 5B: subject + verb + direct object + objective complement (noun) | |
| Sentence Pattern 6: expletive | |
| Other Elements: Structure Words | |
| Independent (Main) Clauses | |
| Subordinate (Dependent) Clauses | |
| Functions of Subordinate Clauses | |
| Phrases | |
| Appositives | |
| Absolute Phrases | |
| Order of Elements in Declarative Sentences | |
| Order of Elements in Interrogative Sentences | |
| The Structure of Imperative Sentences | |
| What is a Sentence? | |
| Major Sentences | |
| Minor Sentences | |
| Fragments | |
| Kinds of Major Sentences | |
| Parts of Speech | |
| Introduction: The Parts of Speech and How they Work in Sentences | |
| Nouns | |
| Inflection of Nouns | |
| Grammatical Function of Nouns | |
| Pronouns | |
| Personal Pronouns | |
| Impersonal Pronouns | |
| Inbterrogative Pronouns | |
| Relative Pronouns | |
| Case | |
| Demonstrative Pronouns | |
| Indefinite Pronouns | |
| Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns | |
| Reciprocal Pronouns | |
| Agreement of Pronouns with Their Antecendents | |
| Antecendents Joined by and | |
| Antecendents Joined by or or nor | |
| Indefinite Pronoun as Antecedent | |
| Pronouns and Inclusive Language | |
| Collective Noun as Antecendent | |
| Agreement with Demonstrative Adjectives | |
| Reference of Pronouns | |
| Remote Antecedent | |
| Ambiguous Reference | |
| Vague Reference | |
| Missing Antecedent | |
| Indefinite you, they, and it | |
| Verbs | |
| Kinds of Verbs: Transitive, Intransitive, and Linking | |
| Inflection of Verbs: Principal Parts | |
| Irregular Verbs | |
| Inflection for Person and Number | |
| Auxillary Verbs | |
| Inlection of do, be, and have | |
| Time and the Verb: Inflection for Tense | |
| The Functions of the Different Tenses | |
| Sequence of Tenses | |
| Verb Phrases in Compound Predicates | |
| Tenses in Writing about Literature | |
| Mood | |
| Using the Subjunctive | |
| Using Modal Auxillaries and Infinitives Instead of Subjectives | |
| Voice | |
| The Passive Voice | |
| Agreement Between Subject and Verb | |
| Something Intervening Between Subject and Verb | |
| Compound Subject: Singular Nouns Joined by and | |
| Compound Subject: Parts Joined by or or a Correlative | |
| Agreement with Indefinite Pronouns | |
| Subject Following Verb | |
| Agreement with Collective Nouns | |
| Nouns That Are Always Singular or Always Plural | |
| Plurals: criteria, datea, media, etc | |
| Agreement with Relative Pronouns | |
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