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| Preface | |
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| Introduction to the Sociology of Religion | |
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| The Sociological Perspective | |
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| The Task of Sociology | |
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| Central Sociological Assumptions | |
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| The Sociology of Religion | |
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| Defining Religion | |
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| The Characteristics of Religion | |
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| A Working Definition of Religion | |
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| The Definition Applied to "Magic" | |
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| Final Reflection on the Definition of Religion | |
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| A Concluding Historical Note: The Development of the Sociology of Religion | |
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| Notes | |
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| The Sources of Religion | |
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| Revelation as Origin | |
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| The "Natural-Knowledge-of-God" Explanation | |
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| Anthropological Explanations | |
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| Psychological Explanations | |
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| Sociological Views | |
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| Rational Choice Theory | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Notes | |
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| The Social Organization of Religion | |
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| Religion as a Group Phenomenon | |
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| Religion and the Characteristics of a Group | |
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| Religion and the Five Functional Prerequisites of Group Life | |
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| The Effects of Increasing Group Size | |
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| The Bureaucratization of Religion | |
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| Religious Leadership | |
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| Notes | |
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| The Church-Sect Continuum of Religious Organization | |
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| The Sect | |
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| The Church | |
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| The Denomination | |
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| The Formation of Sects | |
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| The Impact of Deprivation on Sect Development | |
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| The Evolution of Sects | |
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| The Institutionalized Sect | |
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| The Cult | |
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| Other Non-American Cults | |
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| Refinements of the Church-Sect Typology | |
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| Notes | |
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| Becoming Religious | |
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| Elements in Religious Socialization | |
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| Methods of Religious Socialization | |
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| Measuring the Impact of Religious Socialization | |
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| Sociological Definitions of Religiosity: Group Affiliation | |
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| Sociological Definitions of Religiosity: The Individual Approach | |
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| Sociological Measures of Religiosity: Multidimensional Measures | |
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| Internalization of Religion | |
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| Religious Conversion | |
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| Deconversion | |
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| Deprogramming | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Notes | |
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| Religious Conflict | |
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| Conflict Theory According to Karl Marx | |
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| Religious Conflict in History | |
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| Contemporary Examples of Religious Conflict | |
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| Intrareligious Conflict | |
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| Challenges to Society from Religious Groups | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Notes | |
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| Religion in Society | |
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| Religion and Politics | |
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| The Relationship of Religion and Politics | |
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| The Influence of Religion on Politics | |
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| Civil Religion | |
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| Religion and Politics in the Third World | |
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| Notes | |
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| Religious Fundamentalism | |
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| The Concept of Fundamentalism: Its Origin and Use | |
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| Protestant Fundamentalism | |
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| Jewish Fundamentalism | |
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| Islamic Fundamentalism | |
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| The Future | |
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| Notes | |
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| Religion and the Economy | |
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| Religion as an Economic Institution | |
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| Religion as a Shaper of Economic Attitudes and Behavior | |
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| An Assessment of the Relationship between Religion and Economics | |
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| Notes | |
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| Religion and the Class System | |
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| Differences in Religious Meaning and Expression among Social Classes | |
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| Differential Denominational Affiliation by Social Class | |
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| Social Stratification within Religious Groups | |
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| Stratification, Religion, and Race | |
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| Notes | |
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| Women and Religion | |
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| The Relationship of Women to Religion as Societies Evolved | |
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| The Historical Patterns | |
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| Contemporary Responses | |
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| Female-Dominated Religions | |
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| Predictions | |
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| Application of Rational Choice Theory | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Notes | |
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| Religion in America | |
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| Major Historical Developments | |
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| Intolerant Beginnings | |
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| The Constitutional Compromise | |
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| The Frontier Challenge | |
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| The Ordeal of Pluralism | |
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| Religious Social Concern | |
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| The Post-World War II Revival | |
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| Notes | |
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| Black and Native American Religion in America | |
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| The Historical Development of the Black Church as a Social Institution | |
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| Militancy in the Black Church | |
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| New Themes in Black Religion | |
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| Other Religious Options for African Americans | |
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| Native American Religion | |
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| Notes | |
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| Denominational Society | |
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| The Multiplicity of Groups | |
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| The Diversity of Groups | |
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| Major Denominational Families | |
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| Special Interest Religious Groups | |
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| Ecumenism | |
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| The Megachurch Phenomenon | |
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| The Continued Viability of Denominationalism | |
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| Notes | |
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| The Future of Religion | |
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| Level of Religious Activity | |
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| The Growth and Decline of Membership | |
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| Impending Protestant Loss of Majority Religious Position | |
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| The Dilemmas of Roman Catholicism | |
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| Continuity in the Traditional Social Functions of Religion | |
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| The Factor of Secularization | |
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| The Conflict over the Purpose of Religion | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Notes | |
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| Photo Credits | |
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| Index | |