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| Preface | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Water-Resources Engineering | |
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| The Hydrologic Cycle | |
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| Design of Water-Resource Systems | |
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| Water-Control Systems | |
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| Water-Use Systems | |
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| About this Book | |
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| Problems | |
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| Flow in Closed Conduits | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Single Pipelines | |
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| Steady-State Continuity Equation | |
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| Steady-State Momentum Equation | |
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| Steady-State Energy Equation | |
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| Pipe Networks | |
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| Nodal Method | |
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| Loop Method | |
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| Practical Considerations | |
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| Pumps | |
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| Affinity Laws | |
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| Pump Selection | |
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| Multiple-Pump Systems | |
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| Design of Water-Distribution Systems | |
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| Water Demand | |
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| Pipelines | |
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| Pumps | |
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| Valves | |
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| Meters | |
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| Fire Hydrants | |
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| Water-Storage Reservoirs | |
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| Performance Criteria for Water-Distribution Systems | |
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| Water Quality | |
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| Network Analysis | |
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| Computer Models | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Flow in Open Channels | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Basic Principles | |
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| Steady-State Continuity Equation | |
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| Steady-State Momentum Equation | |
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| Darcy-Weisbach equation | |
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| Manning equation | |
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| Velocity distribution in open channels | |
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| Steady-State Energy Equation | |
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| Energy grade line | |
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| Specific energy | |
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| Water-Surface Profiles | |
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| Profile Equation | |
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| Classification of Water-Surface Profiles | |
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| Hydraulic Jump | |
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| Computation of Water-Surface Profiles | |
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| Direct-integration method | |
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| Direct-step method | |
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| Standard-step method | |
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| Hydraulic Structures | |
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| Weirs | |
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| Sharp-crested weirs | |
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| Broad-crested weirs | |
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| Parshall Flumes | |
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| Spillways | |
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| Stilling Basins | |
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| Gates | |
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| Culverts | |
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| Design of Open Channels | |
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| Basic Principles | |
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| Unlined Channels | |
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| Lined Channels | |
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| Rigid-boundary channels | |
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| Flexible-boundary channels | |
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| Levees | |
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| Design of Sanitary Sewers | |
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| Design Flow | |
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| Service flow | |
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| Inflow and infiltration (I/I) | |
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| Combined flow | |
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| Hydraulics of Sewers | |
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| Sewer-Pipe Material | |
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| System Layout | |
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| Hydrogen Sulfide Generation | |
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| Design Computations | |
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| Force Mains | |
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| Computer Models | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Probability and Statistics in Water-Resources Engineering | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Probability Distributions | |
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| Discrete Probability Distributions | |
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| Continuous Probability Distributions | |
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| Mathematical Expectation and Moments | |
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| Return Period | |
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| Common Probability Functions | |
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| Analysis of Hydrologic Data | |
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| Estimation of Population Distribution | |
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| Probability distribution of observed data | |
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| Hypothesis tests | |
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| Estimation of Population Parameters | |
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| Method of moments | |
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| Maximum likelihood method | |
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| Method of L-moments | |
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| Frequency Analysis | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Surface-Water Hydrology | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Rainfall | |
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| Local Rainfall | |
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| Spatially Averaged Rainfall | |
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| Design Rainfall | |
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| Return period | |
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| Rainfall duration | |
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| Rainfall depth | |
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| Temporal distribution | |
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| Spatial distribution | |
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| Extreme Rainfall | |
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| Probable maximum precipitation | |
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| Probable maximum storm | |
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| Standard project storm | |
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| Rainfall Abstractions | |
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| Interception | |
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| Depression Storage | |
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| Infiltration | |
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| The infiltration process | |
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| Horton model | |
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| Green-Ampt model | |
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| NRCS curve-number model | |
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| Comparison of infiltration models | |
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| Rainfall Excess on Composite Areas | |
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| Runoff Models | |
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| Time of Concentration | |
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| Overland flow | |
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| Channel flow | |
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| Accuracy of estimates | |
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| Peak-Runoff Models | |
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| The rational method | |
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| NRCS-TR55 method | |
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| USGS regional regression equations | |
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| Continuous-Runoff Models | |
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| Unit-hydrograph theory | |
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| Unit-hydrograph models | |
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| Time-area models | |
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| Kinematic-wave model | |
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| Nonlinear-reservoir model | |
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| Santa Barbara Urban Hydrograph model | |
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| Extreme runoff events | |
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| Routing Models | |
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| Hydrologic Routing | |
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| Modified Puls method | |
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| Muskingum method | |
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| Hydraulic Routing | |
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| Water-Quality Models | |
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| Event-Mean Concentrations | |
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| USGS Model | |
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| EPA Model | |
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| Design of Stormwater-Management Systems | |
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| Minor System | |
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| Storm sewers | |
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| Street gutters and inlets | |
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| Roadside and median channels | |
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| Runoff Controls | |
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| Stormwater impoundments | |
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| Flood control | |
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| Water-quality control | |
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| Best-management practices | |
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| Major System | |
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| Evapotranspiration | |
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| ASCE Penman-Monteith Method | |
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| Potential Evapotranspiration | |
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| Reference Evapotranspiration | |
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| FAO56-Penman-Monteith method | |
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| ASCE Penman-Monteith method | |
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| Evaporation pans | |
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| Empirical methods | |
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| Actual Evapotranspiration | |
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| Index-of-dryness method | |
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| Crop-coefficient method | |
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| Selection of ET Estimation Method | |
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| Computer Models | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Ground-Water Hydrology | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Basic Equations of Ground-Water Flow | |
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| Darcy's Law | |
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| General Flow Equation | |
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| Two-Dimensional Approximations | |
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| Unconfined aquifers | |
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| Confined aquifers | |
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| Solutions of the Ground-Water Flow Equation | |
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| Steady Unconfined Flow Between Two Reservoirs | |
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| Steady Flow to a Well in a Confined Aquifer | |
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| Steady Flow to a Well in an Unconfined Aquifer | |
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| Steady Flow to a Well in a Leaky Confined Aquifer | |
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| Steady Flow to a Well in an Unconfined Aquifer with Recharge | |
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| Unsteady Flow to a Well in a Confined Aquifer | |
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| Unsteady Flow to a Well in an Unconfined Aquifer | |
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| Unsteady Flow to a Well in a Leaky Confined Aquifer | |
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| Partially Penetrating Wells | |
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| Principle of Superposition | |
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| Multiple Wells | |
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| Well in Uniform Flow | |
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| Method of Images | |
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| Constant-Head Boundary | |
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| Impermeable Boundary | |
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| Other Applications | |
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| Saltwater Intrusion | |
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| Ground-Water Flow in the Unsaturated Zone | |
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| Engineered Systems | |
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| Design of Wellfields | |
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| Design and Construction of Water-Supply Wells | |
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| Performance Assessment of Water-Supply Wells | |
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| Well Drilling | |
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| Wellhead Protection | |
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| Design of Aquifer Pumping Tests | |
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| Design of pumping well | |
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| Design of observation wells | |
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| Field procedures | |
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| Slug Test | |
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| Design of Exfiltration Trenches | |
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| Seepage Meters | |
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| Computer Models | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Water-Resources Planning and Management | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Planning Process | |
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| Legal and Regulatory Issues | |
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| Water Rights | |
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| Surface-water rights | |
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| Ground-water rights | |
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| Federal water rights | |
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| U.S. Federal Laws Relating to Water Resources | |
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| National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) | |
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| Clean Water Act (CWA) | |
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| Rivers and Harbors Act | |
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| Federal Power Act | |
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| National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) | |
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| Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act | |
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| Migratory Waterfowl Act | |
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| National Wildlife Refuge System Administration Act | |
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| Wild and Scenic Rivers Act | |
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| Federal Water Project Recreation Act | |
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| Endangered Species Act | |
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| Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) | |
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| Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) | |
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| Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) | |
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| Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) | |
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| Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) | |
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| Documentation of Environmental Impacts | |
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| Permit Requirements | |
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| Economic Feasibility | |
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| Benefit-Cost Analysis | |
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| Compund-Interest Factors | |
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| Single-payment factors | |
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| Uniform-series factors | |
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| Arithmetic-gradient factors | |
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| Geometric-gradient factors | |
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| Evaluating Alternatives | |
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| Water-Supply Projects | |
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| Public-Supply Use | |
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| Conservation | |
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| Supply Sources | |
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| Surface-water sources | |
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| Ground-water sources | |
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| Source-water protection | |
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| Reclaimed water | |
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| Desalination | |
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| Floodplain Management | |
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| Modification of the Susceptibility to Flood Damage | |
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| Modification of Flooding | |
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| Modification of the Impact of Flooding | |
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| Drought Management | |
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| Irrigation | |
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| Dams and Reservoirs | |
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| Types of Dams | |
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| Reservoir Storage | |
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| Planning Guidelines | |
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| Hydropower | |
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| Navigation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Problems | |
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| Units and Conversion Factors | |
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| Units | |
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| Conversion Factors | |
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| Fluid Properties | |
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| Water | |
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| Organic Compounds Found in Water | |
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| Air at Standard Atmospheric Pressure | |
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| Statistical Tables | |
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| Areas Under Standard Normal Curve | |
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| Frequency Factors for Pearson Type III Distribution | |
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| Critical Values of the Chi-Square Distribution | |
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| Critical Values for the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test Statistic | |
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| Special Functions | |
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| Error Function | |
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| Bessel Functions | |
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| Definition | |
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| Evaluation of Bessel Functions | |
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| Bessel function of the first kind of order n | |
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| Bessel function of the second kind of order n | |
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| Modified Bessel function of the first kind of order n | |
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| Modified Bessel function of the second kind of order n | |
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| Tabulated values of useful Bessel functions | |
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| Gamma Function | |
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| Pipe Specifications | |
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| PVC Pipe | |
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| Ductile Iron Pipe | |
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| Concrete Pipe | |
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| Physical Properties of Common Pipe Materials | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |