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| Preface | |
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| Read Me | |
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| Frequently Asked Questions | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Dimensions, Units, and Their Conversion | |
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| Units and Dimensions | |
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| Operations with Units | |
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| Conversion of Units and Conversion Factors | |
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| Dimensional Consistency (Homogeneity) | |
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| Significant Figures | |
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| Validation of Problem Solutions | |
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| Moles, Density, and Concentration | |
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| The Mole | |
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| Density | |
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| Specific Gravity | |
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| Flow Rate | |
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| Mole Fraction and Mass (Weight) Fraction | |
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| Analyses of Multicomponent Solutions and Mixtures | |
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| Concentration | |
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| Choosing A Basis | |
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| Temperature | |
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| Pressure | |
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| Pressure and Its Units | |
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| Measurement of Pressure | |
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| Differential Pressure Measurements | |
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| Material Balances | |
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| Introduction to Material Balances | |
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| The Concept of a Material Balance | |
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| Open and Closed Systems | |
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| Steady-State and Unsteady-State Systems | |
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| Multiple Component Systems | |
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| Accounting for Chemical Reactions in Material Balances | |
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| Material Balances for Batch and Semi-Batch Processes | |
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| A General Strategy for Solving Material Balance Problems | |
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| Problem Solving | |
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| The Strategy for Solving Problems | |
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| Solving Material Balance Problems for Single Units without Reaction | |
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| The Chemical Reaction Equation and Stoichiometry | |
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| Stoichiometry | |
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| Terminology for Applications of Stoichiometry | |
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| Material Balances for Processes Involving Reaction | |
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| Species Material Balances | |
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| Element Material Balances | |
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| Material Balances Involving Combustion | |
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| Material Balance Problems Involving Multiple Units | |
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| Recycle, Bypass, Purge, and the Industrial Application Of Material Balances | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Recycle without Chemical Reaction | |
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| Recycle with Chemical Reaction | |
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| Bypass and Purge | |
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| The Industrial Application of Material Balances | |
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| GASES, VAPORS, LIQUIDS, AND SOLIDS | |
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| Ideal Gases | |
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| The Ideal Gas Law | |
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| Ideal Gas Mixtures and Partial Pressure | |
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| Material Balances Involving Ideal Gases | |
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| Real Gases: Compressibility | |
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| Real Gases: Equations of State | |
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| Single Component Two-Phase Systems (Vapor Pressure) | |
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| Phase Diagrams | |
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| Modeling and Predicting Vapor Pressure as a Function of Temperature | |
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| Two-Phase Gas-Liquid Systems (Saturation, Condensation, and Vaporization) | |
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| Saturation | |
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| Condensation | |
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| Vaporization | |
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| Two-Phase Gas-Liquid Systems (Partial Saturation and Humidity) | |
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| Terminology Involved for Partial Saturation | |
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| Material Balance Problems Involving Partial Saturation | |
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| The Phase Rule and Vapor-Liquid Equilibria | |
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| The Gibbs Phase Rule | |
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| Vapor-Liquid Equlibria in Binary Systems | |
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| Liquids and Gases in Equilibrium with Solids | |
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| Energy Balances | |
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| Energy: Terminology, Concepts, and Units | |
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| The Terminology Associated with Energy Balances | |
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| Types of Energy | |
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| Introduction to Energy Balances For Processes Without Reaction | |
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| The Concept of the Conservation of Energy | |
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| Energy Balances for Closed, Unsteady-State Systems | |
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| Energy Balances for Closed, Steady-State Systems | |
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| Energy Balances for Open, Unsteady-State Systems | |
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| Energy Balances for Open, Steady-State Systems | |
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| Calculation of Enthalpy Changes | |
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| Phase Transitions | |
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| Heat Capacity Equations | |
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| Tables and Charts to Retrieve Enthalpy Values | |
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| Computer Databases | |
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| Application Of Energy Balances in the Absence of Chemical Reactions | |
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| Simplifications of the General Energy Balance | |
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| The Strategy for Solving Energy Balance Problems | |
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| Application of the Energy Balance to Closed Systems | |
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| Application of the Energy Balance to Open Systems | |
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| Energy Balances: How to Account for Chemical Reaction | |
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| The Standard Heat (Enthalpy) of Formation | |
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| The Heat (Enthalpy) of Reaction | |
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| Merging the Heat of Formation with the Sensible Heat of a Compound in Making an Energy Balance | |
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| The Heat of Combustion | |
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| Energy Balances That Include the Effects of Chemical Reaction | |
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| Analysis of the Degrees of Freedom to Include the Energy Balance with Reaction | |
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| Applications of Energy Balances in Processes that Include Reactions | |
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| Ideal Processes, Efficiency, and the Mechanical Energy Balance | |
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| Ideal Reversible Processes | |
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| Efficiency | |
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| The Mechanical Energy Balance | |
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| Heats of Solution and Mixing | |
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| Heats of Solution, Dissolution, and Mixing | |
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| Introducing the Effects of Mixing into the Energy Balance | |
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| Humidity (Psychrometric) Charts and Their Use | |
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| Terminology | |
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| The Humidity (Psychrometric) Chart | |
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| Applications of the Humidity Chart | |
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| Supplementary Material (On The Accompanying Cd) | |
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| Analysis of the Degrees of Freedom in a Steady-State Process | |
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| Solving Material and Energy Balances Using Process Simulators (Flowsheeting Codes) | |
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| Unsteady-State Material and Energy Balances | |
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| Appendices | |
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| Answers To Self-Assessment Tests | |
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| Atomic Weights and Numbers | |
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| Table of the Pitzer Z0 and Z1 Factors | |
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| Physical Properties of Various Organic and Inorganic Substances | |
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| Heat Capacity Equations | |
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| Heats of Formation and Combustion | |
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| Vapor Pressures | |
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| Heats of Solution and Dilution | |
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| Enthalpy-Concentration Data | |
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| Thermodynamic Charts | |
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| Physical Properties of Petroleum Fractions | |
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| Solution of Sets of Equations | |
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| Fitting Functions to Data | |
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| Answers to Selected Problems | |
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| Index | |