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| Preface | |
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| Broadband Hybrid Fiber/Coax Access Networks Overview | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Traditional Cable TV Networks | |
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| Two Way HFC Access Networks | |
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| Subscriber's Home Terminal | |
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| Cable Modems | |
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| IP Telephony | |
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| Competing Access Technologies | |
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| Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) | |
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| Fiber-In-The-Loop (FITL) | |
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| Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) | |
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| Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service (MMDS) | |
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| References | |
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| Basic Cable TV Background: Modulation, Signal Formats and Coaxial Cable Systems | |
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| Analog Modulated Video Signal Formats | |
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| NTSC and AM-VSB Video Signals | |
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| NTSC Signal Test Parameters | |
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| PAL and SECAM Video Signals | |
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| Digital Video and Audio Signals | |
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| MPEG-1 Standard | |
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| MPEG-2 Standard | |
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| MPEG and AC-3 Audio | |
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| MPEG-4 Standard | |
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| Other Digital Video Standards | |
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| Cable TV Frequency Plans | |
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| Coaxial Cable TV Components and Systems | |
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| Coaxial Cable | |
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| RF Amplifiers | |
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| Taps | |
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| Multichannel Coaxial Cable TV Systems | |
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| CNR of a Single and Cascaded Amplifiers | |
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| Nonlinear Distortions: CSO, CTB, and XMOD | |
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| Multipath Reflections (Echoes) and Group Delay | |
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| AM Hum Modulation | |
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| Cable TV Return-Path Transmission Characteristics | |
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| Return-Path Noise Sources | |
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| Return-Path Noise Filtering | |
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| References | |
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| Directly Modulated Cable TV Lightwave Laser Transmitters | |
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| Semiconductor Laser Diodes | |
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| Basic Laser Physics Concepts | |
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| Semiconductor Laser Structures | |
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| Light-Current Characteristic | |
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| DFB and Multiple-Quantum-Well (MQW) Laser Diodes | |
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| DFB Laser Diodes | |
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| Multiple-Quantum-Well (MQW) Lasers | |
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| Laser Dynamic Characteristics | |
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| Small-Signal Response | |
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| Large-Signal Response Circuit Model | |
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| Noise in Laser Diodes | |
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| Relative Intensity Noise (RIN) | |
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| Laser Phase Noise | |
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| DFB Laser Transmitter | |
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| DFB Laser Transmitter System Design | |
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| Optical Isolators | |
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| Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) Design and Operation | |
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| Linearization Methods | |
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| DFB Laser Transmitter Performance Requirements | |
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| Return-Path Laser Transmitters | |
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| Mode-Partition Noise and Mode-Hopping Noise | |
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| Performance Requirements | |
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| References | |
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| Externally Modulated Cable TV Lightwave Laser Transmitters | |
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| LiNbO[subscript 3] Optical Modulators | |
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| Basic Operation of LiNbO3 Intensity Modulators | |
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| Distortion Characteristics of MZI and BBI Modulators | |
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| Linearization Methods of Optical Modulators | |
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| Feedforward Linearization Method | |
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| Predistortion Linearization Method | |
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| Linearizer Circuits | |
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| Optical Linearization Methods | |
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| Optical Dual Parallel Linearization Method | |
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| Optical Dual Cascade Linearization Method | |
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| Externally Modulated Laser Transmitter Design | |
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| Externally Modulated YAG Laser Transmitter | |
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| Externally Modulated DFB Laser Transmitter | |
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| References | |
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| Lightwave Receivers for Cable TV Networks | |
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| p-i-n Photodiode | |
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| Noise Sources in Lightwave Receivers | |
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| Shot Noise | |
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| Thermal Noise | |
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| Laser RIN Noise | |
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| Carrier-To-Noise Ratio at the Receiver | |
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| Nonlinear Behavior of p-i-n Photodetectors | |
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| Basic Cable TV Receiver Design Configurations | |
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| Low- and High-Impedance Front-End Receiver Design | |
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| Transimpedance Front-End Receiver Design | |
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| High Performance Receiver Design for Cable TV | |
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| References | |
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| Optical Fiber Amplifiers for Cable TV Networks | |
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| Optical Fiber Amplifier Components | |
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| Wavelength-Division Multiplexers (WDMs) | |
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| Erbium-Doped Fibers (EDFs) | |
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| Pump Lasers | |
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| Basic EDFA System Configurations | |
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| Amplifier Noise and CNR Calculation | |
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| Optical Fiber Amplifier Noise | |
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| CNR and Noise-Figure Calculation | |
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| Noise-Figure Measurement | |
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| EDFA Requirements for Cable TV Networks | |
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| EDFA's Noise-Figure Requirement | |
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| EDFA's CNR Requirement | |
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| Gain-Flattened EDFAs | |
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| References | |
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| RF Digital QAM Modems | |
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| RF QAM Modem Building Blocks | |
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| MPEG Transport Framing | |
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| Reed-Solomon Codes | |
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| Interleaver/Deinterleaver | |
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| Trellis-Coded Modulation (TCM) | |
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| Punctured Convolutional Coding | |
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| Viterbi Decoding | |
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| TCM for 64/256-QAM Modulation | |
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| Differential Precoder | |
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| Randomizer/Derandomizer | |
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| M-ary QAM Modulator Design and Operation | |
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| Baseband Shaping Filter | |
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| Building Blocks of M-ary Modulator | |
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| M-ary QAM Receiver Design and Operation | |
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| Adaptive Equalizer | |
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| Carrier and Timing Recovery | |
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| Carrier Recovery in QAM Receivers | |
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| Timing Recovery in QAM Receivers | |
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| MER and EVM | |
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| MER and EVM Definition | |
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| MER and EVM Test Procedure | |
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| BER of M-ary QAM Signals in AWGN Channel | |
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| References | |
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| Subscriber Home Terminals | |
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| Digital Set-Top Box Building Blocks | |
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| Cable TV RF Tuner | |
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| Out-of-Band (OOB) Receiver | |
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| OOB Randomizer | |
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| OOB Reed-Solomon Coding | |
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| OOB Interleaver | |
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| OOB QPSK Mapping | |
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| RF QAM Transceiver | |
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| RF Upstream FEC | |
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| Upstream R-S Coding | |
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| Upstream Randomizer | |
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| MPEG Video/Audio Demultiplexer and Decoder | |
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| VBI Retriever and Decoder | |
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| Conditional Access and Control | |
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| Digital Encryption/Decryption Basics | |
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| Access Control Basics | |
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| Renewable Security | |
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| Graphics Processor | |
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| Basic 3D Graphics Concepts and Techniques | |
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| On-Screen Video and 2D/3D Graphics Rendering Requirements | |
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| Set-Top Box CPU and Memory | |
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| Set-Top Box CPU | |
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| Set-Top Box Memory | |
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| Advanced Set-Top Box with Built-in DOCSIS Cable Modem | |
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| M-QAM Transmission Impairments in HFC Networks | |
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| Set-Top Box Front-End Losses | |
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| QAM Transmitter Losses | |
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| Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) | |
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| Multipath Reflections | |
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| Amplitude and Group Delay Variations | |
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| Burst and Impulse Noise | |
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| AM Hum Modulation | |
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| 64/256-QAM System Budget Link | |
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| References | |
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| Transmission Impairments in Multichannel AM/QAM Lightwave Systems | |
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| Clipping-Induced Nonlinear Distortions | |
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| Asymptotic Statistical Properties of Clipping Noise | |
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| BER of M-ary QAM Channels Due to Clipping Noise | |
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| Comparison to Experimental Results | |
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| BER of QAM Channel Due to "Dynamic Clipping" Noise | |
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| Clipping Noise Reduction Methods | |
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| Bursty Nonlinear Distortions | |
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| Multiple Optical Reflections | |
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| Interferometric Noise due to DRB | |
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| Laser RIN Due to Multiple Discrete Optical Reflections | |
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| Multiple Reflections Effect on AM-VSB Channels | |
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| Multiple Reflections Effect on QAM Channels | |
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| Dispersion-Induced Nonlinear Distortions | |
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| Optical Fiber Nonlinear Effects | |
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| Stimulated Brillouin Scattering Effect | |
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| Self and External Phase Modulation Effects | |
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| Stimulated Raman Scattering Effect | |
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| Cross-Phase Modulation Effect | |
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| Polarization-Dependent Distortion Effects | |
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| References | |
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| EDFA-Based WDM Multichannel AM/QAM Video Lightwave Access Networks | |
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| Architecture and Performance of Multichannel AM-VSB/QAM Video Lightwave Trunking Networks | |
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| Multichannel AM/QAM Video Lightwave Trunking Systems | |
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| Multichannel AM-VSB Video Lightwave Trunking Results | |
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| Multichannel AM-VSB/QAM Video Lightwave Trunking Results | |
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| Differential Detection in AM-VSB Video Trunking Systems | |
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| SPM and EPM Effects in AM Video Trunking Systems | |
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| Polarization Effects in AM-VSB Video Trunking Systems | |
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| Gain Tilt Distortion in AM Video Trunking Systems | |
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| The Problem with the Current HFC Networks | |
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| DWDM Downstream Access Network Architecture | |
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| DWDM Upstream Access Network Architecture | |
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| Frequency-Stacking Scheme | |
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| Digitized Return-Path Transport | |
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| References | |
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| Data-Over-Cable Interface Specifications (DOCSIS) Protocol | |
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| DOCSIS Communication Protocol | |
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| Downstream PHY Layer | |
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| Downstream PMD Sublayer | |
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| Upstream PHY Layer | |
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| Upstream Channel Parameters and Requirements | |
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| Burst Profiles | |
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| Burst Timing | |
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| Upstream Spurious Power Outputs | |
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| Burst Frame Structure | |
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| Downstream Transmission Convergence Sublayer | |
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| Media Access Control (MAC) Layer | |
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| MAC Frame Format | |
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| MAC Management Messages | |
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| Random Access and Contention Resolution Methods | |
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| Random Access Methods | |
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| p-Persistence with Binary Exponential Backoff Algorithm | |
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| MAC Layer Protocol Operation | |
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| Quality of Service (QoS) and Fragmentation | |
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| Basic Concepts and Operation | |
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| Upstream Service Flow Scheduling | |
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| Upstream Fragmentation | |
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| CM and CMTS Interaction | |
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| References | |
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| Digital Set-Top Box Software Architecture and Applications | |
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| Digital Set-Top Box Software Architecture | |
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| Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) | |
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| Set-Top Box Middleware | |
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| Native Applications | |
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| Electronic Program Guides (EPGs) | |
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| Parental Control | |
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| TV-Based Interactive Applications | |
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| Pay-Per-View (PPV) and Impulse PPV (IPPV) | |
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| Enhanced Broadcast, Interactive, and Targeted Advertisements | |
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| Video-on-Demand (VOD) and Near VOD (NVOD) | |
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| Internet-Based Applications | |
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| Set-Top Box Web Browsers | |
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| E-mail | |
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| E-Commerce | |
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| Home Banking, Education, and Gaming | |
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| Integrated Set-Top Box Applications | |
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| References | |
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| Comparison of DAVIC and DOCSIS Specifications | |
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| International Cable TV Frequency Plans | |
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| CCIR System B/G Frequency Plan | |
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| CCIR System I Frequency Plan | |
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| CCIR System D Frequency Plan | |
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| Satellite Transponder Parameters for Cable TV Networks | |
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| Acronyms | |
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| Index | |
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| Biography | |