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Introduction | |
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Arguments | |
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The Quarrel | |
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Arguments, Fallacies, and Logic | |
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The Quarrel | |
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The Ad Baculum | |
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The Ad Hominem | |
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The Debate | |
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The Debate | |
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Mill's Model of Debate | |
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A Critique of Mill's Model | |
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The Ad Populum: Boosterism | |
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The Ad Populum: Popularity | |
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The Ad Verecundiam | |
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Appeals to Misery and other Emotive Fallacies | |
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Dialectic | |
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Aristotle's Basic Rules of Dialectic | |
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Eight Revised Rules of Dialectic | |
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The Ad Ignorantiam | |
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The Fallacy of Complex Question | |
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Logic | |
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Elementary Logic | |
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Entailment | |
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Conjunction, Disjunction, and Negation | |
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Conditionals and Biconditionals | |
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Testing Arguments for Validity | |
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The Truth-Table Test for Validity | |
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Fallacies of Relevance | |
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Formal and Informal Logic | |
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Logical Form | |
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Formal Logic | |
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Begging the Question | |
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Equivocation and Amphiboly | |
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The Paradox of the Liar | |
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Formal Deductive Systems | |
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Formal Systems | |
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System P | |
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Working in System P | |
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Evaluating System P | |
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Nonclassical Propositional Logics | |
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System RP | |
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Evaluating System RP | |
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Modal Logics | |
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Epistemic and Deontic Logics | |
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Multi-valued Logics | |
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Term Logic | |
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Aristotle's Categorical Propositions | |
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Immediate Inference | |
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The Syllogism | |
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Predicate Logic | |
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Motivating Predicate Logic | |
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Extending System P | |
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Working in System PL | |
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Extending System PL | |
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Inductive Logic and Scientific Reasoning | |
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Induction: Narrow and Wide 2. Inductive Logic | |
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The Elements of Probability Theory | |
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Hasty Generalization and Related Fallacies | |
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A Causal Fallacy | |
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Causal Reasoning | |
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Applying Logic To Arguments | |
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Economic Reasoning | |
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The Fallacy of Composition and Division | |
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Analytical Remarks about Composition and Division | |
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Expected Utility, Sure-thing, and Minimax Principles | |
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Group Decisions and the Prisoner's Dilemma | |
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Legal Reasoning | |
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Burden of Proof versus Standard of Proof | |
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Evidence, Testimony, and Expert Opinion | |
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Legal Precedent and Analogical Argument | |
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Legal Facts and Legal Justification | |
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Artificial Intelligence | |
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Artificial Intelligence, Logic, and Computability | |
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Expert Systems | |
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Plausibility Screening | |
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Plausible Argument | |
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Theories of Belief Revision | |
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Can Machines Think? | |
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Issues in the Philosophy of Logic | |
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Choosing the Right Logic | |
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Paraconsistent Logics | |
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The Enlightenment Ideal | |
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Appendix | |
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Solutions to Selected Exercises | |
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Selected Readings | |
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Index | |