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| Preface | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Need for Landfills | |
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| Principal Landfill Requirements | |
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| Landfill Components and Configuration | |
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| Landfill Envelope | |
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| Composite Liners | |
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| Benefits of Double Composite Liners | |
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| Liner Leakage Mechanisms | |
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| Scope and Organization of Book | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Landfill Siting and Site Investigation | |
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| Siting Considerations | |
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| Location Restrictions | |
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| Siting Process | |
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| Site Investigation | |
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| Borrow Source Investigation | |
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| Field Hydraulic Conductivity Tests | |
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| Material Laboratory Tests | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Compacted Clay Liners | |
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| Overview Compacted Clay Liners | |
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| Compaction and Permeability Considerations | |
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| Design of Compacted Clay Liners | |
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| Influence of Clods on Hydraulic Conductivity | |
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| Effect of Gravel Content on Hydraulic Conductivity | |
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| Effect of Freezing and Thawing on Hydraulic Conductivity | |
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| Summary Comments Regarding Compacted Clay Liners | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Geomembranes | |
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| Composition and Thickness of Geomembranes | |
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| Current Uses of Geomembranes in Landfills | |
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| Tensile Behavior of Geomembranes | |
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| Friction Behavior of Geomembranes | |
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| Tension Stresses due to Unbalanced Friction Forces | |
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| Tension Stresses due to Localized Subsidence | |
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| Runout and Anchor Trenches | |
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| Assessment of Leakage through Liners | |
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| Concluding Comments Regarding Geomembranes | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Geosynthetic Clay Liners | |
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| Types and Current Uses of Geosynthetic Clay Liners | |
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| Hydraulic Conductivity | |
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| Ability to Withstand Differential Settlement | |
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| Shear Strength | |
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| Differences between Geosynthetic Clay Liners and Compacted Clay Liners | |
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| Contaminant Transport through Geosynthetic Clay Liner and Compacted Clay Liner | |
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| Comparison of Mass Transport through a GCL and CCL | |
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| Recommendations for Use of Geosynthetic Clay Liners | |
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| Summarizing Comments Regarding Geosynthetic Clay Liners | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Engineering Properties of Municipal Solid Waste | |
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| Constituents of Municipal Solid Waste | |
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| Unit Weight of Municipal Solid Waste | |
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| Moisture Content of Municipal Solid Waste | |
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| Porosity of Municipal Solid Waste | |
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| Hydraulic Conductivity of Municipal Solid Waste | |
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| Field Capacity and Wilting Point of Municipal Solid Waste | |
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| Shear Strength of Municipal Solid Waste | |
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| Compressibility of Municipal Solid Waste | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Leachate Generation and Evaluation in Msw Landfills | |
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| MSW Leachate Characterization | |
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| Factors Affecting Leachate Quantity | |
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| Estimation of Leachate Production Rate in an Active Condition | |
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| Estimation of Leachate Production Rate in a Postclosure Condition | |
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| Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP) Model | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Liquid Drainage Layer | |
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| Profile of Leachate Drainage Layer | |
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| Soil Drainage and Filtration Layer | |
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| Geotextile Design for Filtration | |
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| Geonet Design for Leachate Drainage | |
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| Estimate of Maximum Liquid Head in a Drainage Layer | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Leachate Collection and Removal Systems | |
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| Subbase Grading | |
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| Leachate Collection Trenches | |
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| Selection of Leachate Collection Pipe | |
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| Deformation and Stability of Leachate Collection Pipe | |
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| Sump and Riser Pipes | |
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| Leachate Removal Pumps | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Gas Collection and Control Systems | |
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| Gas Generation | |
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| Gas Composition | |
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| Factors Affecting Gas Generation | |
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| Gas Generation Rate | |
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| Gas Migration | |
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| Types and Components of Gas Collection Systems | |
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| Gas Control and Treatment | |
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| Design of Gas Collection System | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Final Cover System | |
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| Components of Final Cover System | |
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| Alternative Landfill Cover | |
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| Field Study of Landfill Covers | |
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| Soil Erosion Control | |
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| Effects of Settlement and Subsidence | |
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| Differential Subsidence Case History | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Landfill Settlement | |
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| Mechanism of Solid Waste Settlement | |
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| Effect of Daily Cover | |
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| Landfill Settlement Rate | |
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| Estimation of Landfill Settlement | |
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| Effect of Waste Settlement on Landfill Capacity | |
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| Other Methods for Estimating Landfill Settlement | |
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| Estimation of Landfill Foundation Settlement | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Landfill Stability Analysis | |
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| Types of Landfill Failures | |
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| Factors Influencing Landfill Stability | |
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| Selection of Appropriate Properties | |
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| Veneer Slope Stability Analysis | |
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| Subsoil Foundation Failures | |
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| Waste Mass Failures | |
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| Concluding Remarks | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Vertical Landfill Expansions | |
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| Considerations Involved in Vertical Expansions | |
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| Liner Systems for Vertical Expansion | |
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| Settlement of Existing Landfill | |
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| Estimation of Differential Settlement due to Waste Heterogeneity | |
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| Vertical Expansion over Unlined Landfills | |
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| Design Considerations for Landfill Structures | |
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| Geosynthetic Reinforcement Design for Vertical Expansions | |
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| Stability Analysis for Vertical Expansion | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Bioreactor Landfills | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Liquids Management Strategies | |
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| Concepts of Waste Degradation | |
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| Leachate Recycling Methods | |
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| Bioreactor Landfill Issues and Concerns | |
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| Performance-to-Date | |
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| Summary Comments | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Construction of Compacted Clay Liners | |
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| Subgrade Preparation | |
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| Soil Materials for Compacted Soil Lines | |
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| Compaction Objectives and Choices | |
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| Initial Saturation Specifications | |
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| Clay Liner Compaction Considerations | |
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| Compaction Specifications | |
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| Leachate Collection Trench Construction | |
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| Protection of Compacted Soil | |
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| Field Measurement of Water Content and Dry Unit Weight | |
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| Construction Quality Assurance and Quality Control Issues | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Installation of Geosynthetic Materials | |
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| Material Delivery and Conformance Tests | |
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| Installation of Geomembranes | |
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| Installation of Geonets | |
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| Installation of Geotextiles | |
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| Installation of Geocompostes | |
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| Installation of Geosynthetic Clay Liners | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Postclosure Uses of Msw Landfills | |
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| Athletic and Recreational Facilities | |
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| Industrial Development | |
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| Aesthetics | |
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| Concluding Remarks | |
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| Problems | |
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| References | |
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| Help Model Input and Output--Active Condition | |
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| Help Model Input and Output--Postclosure Condition | |
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| Index | |