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Information Technology Inside and Outside

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ISBN-10: 0130114960

ISBN-13: 9780130114969

Edition: 2001

Authors: David Cyganski, John A. Orr, Richard M. Vazquez, Richard F. Vaz

List price: $166.60
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For a one-semester, undergraduate course that introduces the basics of information technology and engineering for students outside the electrical engineering and computer science disciplines. Assuming no formal engineering or computer science education, this book prepares students from various disciplines to take advantage of new information technologies. The goal is to teach leadership skills that students can utilize throughout their careers, rather than just survival skills.
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Book details

List price: $166.60
Copyright year: 2001
Publisher: Prentice Hall PTR
Publication date: 10/26/2000
Binding: Hardcover
Pages: 368
Size: 8.25" wide x 10.00" long x 0.75" tall
Weight: 2.046
Language: English

Introduction
What Is the Information in the Information Revolution?
Introduction
Information, Messages, and Signals
Examples of Information Systems
The Phonograph
The Telephone
The Camera and Other Image Recording Devices
Representing and Quantifying Information
Analog and Digital Information
The Move Toward Digital Information Technology
Summary
Try These Exercises
The World Wide Web: A Unique Product of the Information Age
Introduction
Why Introduce the Web This Early in the Book?
What Is the Web, and Why Was It Created?
The Origin of the Web
How the Web Solves Our Document Distribution Problem
How the Web Was Won
The Universal Resource Locator (URL)
Virtual Path Addressing
The Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
Viewer Extensions
A Network of Distributed Servers
The Success of the World Wide Web
The Structure of the Web
Technologies That Enhance the Power of the Web
Dynamic, Active, and Interactive Web Pages
Java and the Web
Summary
Try These Exercises
Fundamentals of Binary Representation
Representing Information in Bits
Introduction
Information and Its Representation
The Search for an Appropriate Code
A Look at Written Alphabets
The Need for a Robust Scheme
Bits as Building Blocks of Information
The Representational Power of Bits
Bits in the Physical World
From Numbers to Bits
Representing Text with Bits
Binary Representation of More Complex Information
Convenient Forms for Binary Codes
Bits, Bytes, and Beyond
Octal and Hexadecimal Representation
Introduction to Error Detection and Correction
Summary
Try These Exercises
The Need and Basis for Data Protocols
Introduction
Using Protocols to Organize Information
How Numbers Can Be Packaged
Saving Information: Tapes, Disks, and CDs
Magnetic Tape
Rotating Memory Devices
Protocols for Sending Data
Word Processor and Web Protocols
Summary
Try These Exercises
Graphics and Visual Information
From the Real World to Images and Video
Introduction
Images: Information Without Words or Numbers
Cameras and Image Formation
Human Visual Discrimination and Acuity
Other Types of Image Formation
Converting Images to Bits
From Continuous Information to a Discrete Representation
Pixels: A Matter of Spatial Resolution
Shades of Gray
Color Representation
Color Discrimination
Binocular Vision and 3D displays
From Images to Video
Human Visual Persistence
Adding Up the Bits
Summary
Try These Exercises
Computer Graphics and Virtual Reality
Synthesizing Images
Two Ways to Store Images
Displaying the Bit-Mapped Image
Display Device Formats
Visual Display Devices
Printers and Similar Output Devices
From Numbers to Images
Virtual Reality Modeling Language
A Comparison of VRML and HTML
The Organization of a VRML Scene
In VRML Everything Is a Node
The VRML Scene Graph
Placing a Surface on a Virtual Object
Summary
Try These Exercises
Data Compression
Compressing Information
Introduction
Why Can Information Be Compressed?
Messages, Data, and Information
Information Theory
A Little Probability
Probability-Based Coding
Variable Length Coding
Universal Coding
An Example of Universal Coding
Summary
Try These Exercises
Image Compression
Introduction
Image-Specific Compression Methods
Lossless Image Compression
Run Length Encoding
The JPEG Standard for Lossless Compression
GIF: Another Lossless Image Compression System
Virtual Lab Demonstrations of Lossless Compression
Run Length Encoding Java Applet
Predictive Filter Preprocessing Java Applet
Lossy Compression
Simple Lossy Compression Methods
The JPEG Standard for Lossy Compression
Summary
Try These Exercises
Digital Video
Video Compression
Image Difference Coding Virtual Lab
MPEG Video Compression
Some Examples of MPEG Encoded Video
Digital Television
Summary
Try These Exercises
Bandwidth and Information Theory
Audio as Information
Introduction
The Physical Phenomena Underlying Sound
From Sound to Signals
Limitations on Human Hearing
Sinusoidal Frequency Components
The Frequency Content and Bandwidth of Audio Signals
Frequency Content of Audio Signals
Summary
Try These Exercises
Sampling of Audio Signals
Introduction
Sampling an Audio Signal
Sampling Intervals and Sampling Frequency
The Minimum Sampling Frequency
Reconstructing Audio from Samples
Oversampling
Summary
Try These Exercises
Digital Audio
Introduction
Digitization of Audio Samples
The Process of Quantization
Quantization Noise
Adding Up the Bits: Home CD Players
Reconstruction
Other Applications, and a Few Tricks
Summary
Try These Exercises
The Telephone System: Wired and Wireless
Introduction
The Original (Analog) Telephone System
The Digital Telephone System
Cellular Telephone Systems
The Cellular Telephone System: How It Works
The Alphabet Soup of Competing Cellular Systems: AMPS, GSM, TDMA, CDMA, and PCS
The Three Generations of Cellular Systems
Cellular System FAQs
Satellite Telephones
Summary
Try These Exercises
Transmission and Storage Technology
What Is Bandwidth and How Is It Used?
Introduction
Real-Time Data Transmission
Delay Time and the Speed of Light
Geosynchronous Satellites
Interplanetary Communications
Internet Distributed Computing
Personal Computers
Finite Data Rate and Real-Time Transmission
Physical Origin of Bandwidth Limitations
Fiber-Optic Transmission
Talking Through Your Pipe
Human Laws Set Limits Too!
Pulse Transmission Limits and Bandlimits
Information Rates above the Pulse Rate
Summary
Try These Exercises
Wire and Fiber Transmission Systems
Introduction
Wire as a Transmission Medium
Cable Characteristics
Why Some Cables Are Better than Others
Common Uses of the Various Cable Types
Fiber-Optic Cable
Fiber Attenuation Characteristics
Fiber Integral Optical Amplifiers
Solitons
How Fast Can Data Be Delivered to the Home?
Summary
Try These Exercises
Radio-Frequency and Satellite Systems
Introduction
Overview of Radio Communications System Design
Antenna Improvements
Satellite and Other Long-Distance Communications Systems
The Global Positioning System
How Does GPS Work?
Components of the GPS System
Summary
Try These Exercises
Large-Capacity Storage
Introduction
Magnetic Disks and Tapes
The Compact Disc
Digital Versatile Disk
Future Digital Data Storage Media
Summary
Try These Exercises
Networks and the Internet
Telephone and Data Communications Networks
Introduction
Circuit and Packet-Based Networks
Circuit-Based Networks
Telephone Circuits Are More than Just Wire
Public Switched Telephone Network Digital Services
An Example of a Digital Transmission System: The T1 Carrier
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN)
The Packet-Switched Connection
X.25 and the Virtual Circuit
Wider Bandwidth Data Transmission: Frame Relay
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
Summary
Try These Exercises
The Local Area Network
Introduction
Datagram Packet Switching
The Ethernet
The Ethernet Datagram
Datagram Transmission and Delivery
Collision Detection Multiple Access
Summary
Try These Exercises
Organization of the Internet
Introduction
How Would You Organize Universal Mail Delivery?
The Internet: Three Addressing Schemes
Tracing a Route
What Makes up the Backbone of the Internet?
Summary
Try These Exercises
Electronic Commerce and Information Security
Introduction
Threats to Information Security
Security Services
Data Security and Cryptosystems
An Example of an Unconditionally Secure Code
Computationally Secure Symmetric Key Cryptography
Commonly Encountered Symmetric Codes
Public Key Cryptography
Public Key Standards
Digital Signatures
Digital Certificates
Electronic Commerce
Summary
Try These Exercises
Voice over IP and the Convergence
Introduction
Circuit-Switched Telephone Systems
Sampling and Digitizing Telephone Voices
Moving Digital Voice in a Circuit-Based Network
The IP Packet Connection
The Drive to IP Networks
To IP or not to IP
Conveying Packets
Moving Voice with Packets
How to and Why Move to VoIP?
How Do You Make VoIP Work?
How VoIP Is Already Being Applied
The Driving Force behind VoIP
Try These Exercises
ASCII Character Codes
Related Organizations
Example Projects
Glossary
Index
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