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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Contributors | |
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Introduction | |
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An Initial Exploration of Time Domain Phenomena | |
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The Infinite-Length Wire Antenna | |
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The Finite-Length Wire Antenna | |
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The Finite-Length Wire Scatterer | |
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Late-Time Radiation from an Impulsively Excited Perfect Conductor | |
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Some Special Capabilities of Time Domain Models | |
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Modeling Chocies in CEM | |
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Why Model in the Time Domain? | |
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Evolution of Time Domain Modeling | |
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Some General References | |
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General Aspects of Time Domain Modeling | |
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Model Development | |
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Explicit vs Implicit Solution | |
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Excitation Requirements | |
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TD Solution | |
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Time Domain Integral Equation Modeling | |
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Some Representative TDIEs | |
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A Prototype TDIE Model | |
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Alternate Forms for a TDIE Solution | |
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Excitation of a TDIE Model | |
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Physical Implication of a TDIE Explicit Model | |
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A Near-Neighbor TD Approximation | |
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Time Domain Differential Equation Modeling | |
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Space-Time Sampling of TDDE | |
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Some Spatial-Mesh Alternatives | |
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Mesh Closure Conditions | |
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Handling Small Features in DE Models | |
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Obtaining Far Fields from DE Models | |
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Variations of TDDE Models | |
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Comparison of TDDE and TDIE Models | |
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Specific Issues Related to Time Domain Modeling | |
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Increasing the Stability of the Time-Stepping Solution | |
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Exploiting EM Singularities | |
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Signal Processing as a Part of TD Modeling | |
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Total-Field and Scattered-Field Formulations | |
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Handling Frequency Dispersion and Loading in TD Models | |
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Handling Medium and Component Nonlinearities or Time Variations in TD Models | |
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Hybrid TD Models | |
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The Concept of Pseudo-Time in Iterative FD Solutions | |
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Exploiting Symmetries in TD Modeling | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Bibliography | |
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Wire Structures: TDIE Solution | |
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Basic Analysis | |
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Analysis of a Straight Wire | |
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Method of Moments Solution | |
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Conjugate Gradient Method Solution | |
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Numerical Example | |
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Analysis of an Arbitrary Wire | |
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Moment Method Solution | |
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Conjugate Gradient Method | |
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Numerical Examples | |
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Implicit Solution Scheme | |
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Application to Arbitrary Wire | |
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Numerical Implementation | |
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Numerical Examples | |
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Analysis of Multiple Wires and Wire Junctions | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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Bibliography | |
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Infinite Conducting Cylinders: TDIE Solution | |
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Integral Equation Formulation | |
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Discretization Scheme | |
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TM Incidence: EFIE Formulation | |
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Explicit Solution Procedure | |
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Implicit Solution Procedure | |
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Numerical Examples | |
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TE Incidence: EFIE Formulation | |
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Explicit Solution Procedure | |
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Implicit Solution Procedure | |
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Numerical Examples | |
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TE Incidence: HFIE Formulation | |
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Explicit Solution Procedure | |
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Implicit Solution Procedure | |
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Numerical Examples | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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Bibliography | |
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Finite Conducting Bodies: TDIE Solution | |
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Integral Equation Formulation | |
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Numerical Solution Scheme | |
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Explicit Numerical Method | |
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Implicit Numerical Method | |
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Efficiency Considerations | |
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Numerical Examples | |
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Far-Scattered Fields | |
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Numerical Examples | |
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Near-Scattered Fields | |
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Extrapolation of Time Domain Response | |
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Matrix Pencil Method | |
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Total Least Squares Matrix Pencil | |
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Numerical Examples | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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Bibliography | |
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Dielectric Bodies: TDIE Solution | |
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Integral Equation Formulation | |
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Two-Dimensional Cylinders | |
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Numerical Solution Procedure | |
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Numerical Examples | |
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Three-Dimensional Bodies | |
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Numerical Solution Procedure | |
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Far-Scattered Fields | |
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Numerical Examples | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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Bibliography | |
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Finite-Difference Time Domain Method | |
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Introduction to FDTD | |
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Pulse Propagation in a Lossy, Inhomogeneous, Layered Medium | |
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Propagation of Half-Sine Pulse | |
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Remote Sensing of Inhomogeneous, Lossy, Layered Media | |
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Profile Inversion Results | |
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Key Elements of FDTD Modeling Theory | |
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FDTD Formulation for Two-Dimensional Closed-Region Problems | |
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FDTD Formulation for TM and TE Cases | |
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Hollow Rectangular Waveguide | |
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Dielectric Slab-Loaded Rectangular Waveguide | |
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Shielded Microstrip Lines | |
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FDTD Formulation for Two-Dimensional Open-Region Problems | |
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Absorbing Radiation Boundary Condition | |
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Second-Order Radiation Boundary Condition | |
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Plane Wave Source Condition | |
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Near- to Far-Field Transformation | |
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FDTD Modeling of Curved Surfaces | |
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Perfectly Conducting Object: The TE Case | |
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Perfectly Conducting Object: The TM Case | |
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Homogeneous Dielectric Object: The TE Case | |
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FDTD Formulation for Three-Dimensional Closed-Region Problems | |
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Three-Dimensional Full-Wave Analysis | |
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Compact Two-Dimensional FDTD Algorithm | |
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Evaluation of Dispersion Characteristics | |
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FDTD Formulation for Three-Dimensional Open-Region Problems | |
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Second-Order Radiation Boundary Condition | |
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Three-Dimensional Plane Wave Source Condition | |
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Near- to Far-Field Transformation for the Three-Dimensional Case | |
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RCS of a Flat-Plate Scatterer | |
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Computer Resources and Modeling Implications | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Bibliography | |
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Transmission Line Modeling Method | |
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The Two-Dimensional TLM | |
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Time Domain Wave Equation | |
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Time Domain Transmission Line Equation | |
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Equating Maxwell's and the Circuit Equations | |
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General Scattering Matrix Theory | |
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Applying Scattering Theory to the Free-Space Shunt T-Line | |
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Modeling Inhomogeneous Lossy Media | |
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Excitation of the TLM Mesh and Metallic Boundaries | |
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TLM Mesh Truncation Conditions | |
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Discretization of the TLM Spatial Grid | |
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TLM Output | |
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The Series Node and Duality | |
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Outline of the Algorithm for Two-Dimensional TLM Code | |
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Three-Dimensional TLM | |
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Special Features in TLM | |
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Frequency-Dependent Material | |
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Alternative Meshing Schemes | |
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Numerical Examples | |
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Antenna Array | |
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Electromagnetic Scattering | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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Bibliography | |
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Finite-Element Time Domain Method | |
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Introduction | |
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Incident Field | |
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Transverse Magnetic Case | |
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Formulation | |
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Finite-Element Procedure | |
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Time-Stepping Procedure | |
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Numerical Results | |
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Transverse Electric Case | |
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Formulation | |
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Finite-Element Procedure | |
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Time-Stepping Procedure | |
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Numerical Results | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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Bibliography | |
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Finite-Volume Time Domain Method | |
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Maxwell's Equations as a Hyperbolic Conservative System | |
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The Conservative Form of Maxwell's Equations | |
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Characteristics and Wavefront Propagation | |
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An Elementary Form of the Finite-Volume Method | |
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Finite-Volume Discretization of Maxwell's Equations | |
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Spatial Discretizations | |
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Temporal Discretization | |
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Consistency and Stability | |
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Hybridization of the FVTD Method with Other Models and Methods | |
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Thin-Wire Models in the FVTD Method | |
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Hybridization of the FVTD and the FDTD Methods | |
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Another Approach of the Finite-Volume Approach | |
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Numerical Examples | |
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Dielectric Structures | |
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Thin Screens with Finite Conductivity | |
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Thin Wires | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Bibliography | |
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Index | |