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Preface | |
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Introduction | |
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Quantum Description of Systems | |
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Introduction and Basic Concepts | |
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Systems of Identical Particles | |
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Quantum Description of Particles *) | |
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Problems with Solutions *) | |
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Kinetic Energy of Translational Motion | |
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Hamiltonian of Translational Motion | |
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Schr�dinger Equation for Translational Motion *) | |
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Solution of the Schr�dinger Equation *) | |
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Normalization of the Wave Function *) | |
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Quantized Energy of Translational Motion | |
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Problems with Solutions *) | |
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Energy of Vibrations | |
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Hamiltonian of Vibrations | |
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Solution of the Schr�dinger Equation *) | |
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Quantized Energy of Vibrations | |
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Hermite Polynomials *) | |
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Normalization of the Wave Function *) | |
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Problems with Solutions *) | |
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Kinetic Energy of Rotations | |
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Hamiltonian of Rotations | |
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Kinetic Energy and Hamiltonian Operator | |
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Angular Momentum Operator *) | |
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Solution of the Schr�dinger Equation *) | |
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Quantized Energy of Rotations | |
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Legendre Polynomials *) | |
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Normalization of the Wave Function *) | |
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Spin Angular Momentum *) | |
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Problems with Solutions *) | |
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Thermodynamics of Systems | |
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Number of Accessible States and Entropy | |
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Introduction and Definitions | |
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Calculation of the Number of Accessible States | |
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Classical Number of Accessible States | |
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Number of Accessible States for Bosons | |
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Number of Accessible States for Fermions | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Equilibrium States of Systems | |
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Equilibrium Conditions | |
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Occupation Numbers of Energy Levels | |
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Concept of Temperature | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Thermodynamic Variables | |
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Free Energy and the Partition Function | |
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Internal Energy: Caloric-State Equation | |
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Pressure: Thermal-State Equation | |
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Classification of Thermodynamic Variables | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Macroscopic Thermodynamics | |
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Changes of States. Heat and Work | |
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Laws of Thermodynamics | |
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Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics | |
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First Law of Thermodynamics | |
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Second Law of Thermodynamics | |
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Third Law of Thermodynamics | |
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Open Systems | |
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Thermal Properties of Systems | |
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Isobaric Expansion | |
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Isochoric Expansion | |
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Isothermal Expansion | |
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Relation between Thermal Coefficients | |
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Caloric Properties of Systems | |
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Specific Heat at Constant Volume c<sub>V</sub> | |
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Specific Heat at Constant Pressure c<sub>P</sub> | |
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Relation between Specific Heats | |
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Relations between Thermodynamic Coefficients | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Variable Number of Particles | |
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Chemical Potential | |
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Thermodynamic Potential | |
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Phases and Phase Equilibrium | |
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Latent Heat | |
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Clausius-Clapeyron Formula | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Ideal and Nonideal Gases | |
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Ideal Monatomic Gases | |
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Continuous Energy Spectrum | |
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Continuous Partition Function | |
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Partition Function of Ideal Monatomic Gases | |
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Kinetic Theory of Ideal Monatomic Gases | |
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Maxwell-Boltzmann Speed Distribution | |
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Most Probable Speed of Gas Particles | |
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Average Speed of Gas Particles | |
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Root-Mean-Square Speed of Gas Particles | |
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Average Kinetic Energy and Internal Energy | |
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Equipartition Theorem | |
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Thermodynamics of Ideal Monatomic Gases | |
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Caloric-State Equation | |
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Thermal-State Equation | |
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Universal and Particular Gas Constants | |
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Caloric and Thermal Coefficients | |
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Ideal Gases in External Potentials | |
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General Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution | |
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Harmonic and Anharmonic Oscillators | |
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Classical Limit of Quantum Partition Function | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Ideal Diatomic Gases | |
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Rotations of Gas Particles | |
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Vibrations of Gas Particles | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Nonideal Gases | |
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Partition Function for Nonideal Gases | |
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Free Energy of Nonideal Gases | |
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Free Energy of Particle Interactions | |
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van der Waals Equation | |
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Caloric-State Equation for Nonideal Gases | |
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Specific Heats for Nonideal Gases | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Quasi-Static Thermodynamic Processes | |
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Isobaric Process | |
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Isochoric Process | |
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Isothermal Process | |
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Adiabatic Process | |
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Polytropic Process | |
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Cyclic Processes: Carnot Cycle | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Quantum Statistical Physics | |
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Quantum Distribution Functions | |
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Entropy Maximization in Quantum Statistics | |
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The Case of Bosons | |
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The Case of Fermions | |
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Quantum Equilibrium Distribution | |
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Helmholtz Thermodynamic Potential | |
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Thermodynamics of Quantum Systems | |
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Evaluation of Integrals *) | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Electron Gases in Metals | |
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Ground State of Electron Gases in Metals | |
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Electron Gases in Metals at Finite Temperatures | |
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Chemical Potential at Finite Temperatures | |
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Thermodynamics of Electron Gases | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Photon Gas in Equilibrium | |
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Planck Distribution | |
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Thermodynamics of Photon Gas in Equilibrium | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Other Examples of Boson Systems | |
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Lattice Vibrations and Phonons | |
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Vibration Modes | |
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Internal Energy of Lattice Vibrations | |
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Bose-Einstein Condensation | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Special Topics | |
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Ultrarelativistic Fermion Gas | |
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Ultrarelativistic Fermion Gas for T/T<sub>F</sub> “ 1 | |
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Ultrarelativistic Fermion Gas for T/T<sub>F</sub> ” 1 | |
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Thermodynamics of the Expanding Universe | |
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Internal Energy of Elementary Particle Species | |
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Entropy per Volume Element | |
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Problems with Solutions | |
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Physical Constants | |
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Bibliography | |
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Index | |