| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
| Where It All Comes From | |
| |
| |
| |
| Structure of the Earth | |
| |
| |
| |
| Composition of the Earth's Crust | |
| |
| |
| |
| Rocks and Minerals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Weathering | |
| |
| |
| |
| Obtaining Metals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Some Metals Today | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nonmetallic Inorganic Minerals | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Atomic and Molecular Structure | |
| |
| |
| |
| Atomic Structure | |
| |
| |
| |
| Properties of Atoms | |
| |
| |
| |
| Molecular Structure | |
| |
| |
| |
| Symmetry | |
| |
| |
| |
| Resonance | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ionic Bonding, Crystals, and Intermolecular Forces | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ionic Bonds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Intermolecular Interactions | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Reactions and Energetics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thermodynamic Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Combination Reactions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Decomposition Reactions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Redox Reactions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hydrolysis Reactions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Replacement Reactions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Metathesis | |
| |
| |
| |
| Neutralization Reactions | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Acids, Bases, and Nonaqueous Solvents | |
| |
| |
| |
| Acid-Base Chemistry | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nonaqueous Solvents | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hydrogen | |
| |
| |
| |
| Elemental and Positive Hydrogen | |
| |
| |
| |
| Occurrence and Properties | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hydrides | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Group IA and IIA Metals | |
| |
| |
| |
| General Characteristics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxides and Hydroxides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Halides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sulfides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nitrides and Phosphides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Carbides, Cyanides, Cyanamides, and Amides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Carbonates, Nitrates, Sulfates, and Phosphates | |
| |
| |
| |
| Organic Derivatives | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Boron | |
| |
| |
| |
| Elemental Boron | |
| |
| |
| |
| Bonding in Boron Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Boron Compounds | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Aluminum, Gallium, Indium, and Thallium | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Elements | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hydrides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Halides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Other Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Organometallic Compounds | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Carbon | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Element | |
| |
| |
| |
| Industrial Uses of Carbon | |
| |
| |
| |
| Carbon Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fullerenes | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Silicon, Germanium, Tin, and Lead | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Elements | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hydrides of the Group IVA Elements | |
| |
| |
| |
| Halides of the Group IVA Elements | |
| |
| |
| |
| Organic Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Miscellaneous Compounds | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nitrogen | |
| |
| |
| |
| Elemental Nitrogen | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nitrides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ammonia and Aquo Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hydrogen Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nitrogen Halides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nitrogen Oxides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxyacids | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth | |
| |
| |
| |
| Occurrence | |
| |
| |
| |
| Preparation and Properties of the Elements | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hydrides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sulfides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Halides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Phosphonitrilic Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Acids and Their Salts | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fertilizer Production | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxygen | |
| |
| |
| |
| Elemental Oxygen | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ozone | |
| |
| |
| |
| Preparation of Oxygen | |
| |
| |
| |
| Binary Compounds of Oxygen | |
| |
| |
| |
| Positive Oxygen | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium | |
| |
| |
| |
| Occurrence of Sulfur | |
| |
| |
| |
| Occurrence of Selenium and Tellurium | |
| |
| |
| |
| Elemental Sulfur | |
| |
| |
| |
| Elemental Selenium and Tellurium | |
| |
| |
| |
| Reactions of Elemental Selenium and Tellurium | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hydrogen Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxides of Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium | |
| |
| |
| |
| Halogen Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nitrogen Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxyhalides of Sulfur and Selenium | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxy Acids of Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sulfuric Acid | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Halogens | |
| |
| |
| |
| Occurrence | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Elements | |
| |
| |
| |
| Interhalogens | |
| |
| |
| |
| Multiatomic Cations and Anions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hydrogen Halides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxyfluorides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxy Acids and Oxy Anions | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Noble Gases | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Elements | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Xenon Fluorides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Reactions of Xenon Fluorides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxyfluorides and Oxides | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Transition Metals | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Metals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oxides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Halides and Oxyhalides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Miscellaneous Compounds | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Structure and Bonding in Coordination Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Types of Ligands and Complexes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Naming Coordination Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Isomerism | |
| |
| |
| |
| Factors Affecting the Stability of Complexes | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Valence Bond Approach to Bonding in Complexes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Back Donation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ligand Field Theory | |
| |
| |
| |
| Jahn-Teller Distortion | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Synthesis and Reactions of Coordination Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Synthesis of Coordination Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Survey of Reaction Types | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look at Substitution Reactions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Substitution in Square Planar Complexes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Substitution in Octahedral Complexes | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Organometallic Compounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Structure and Bonding in Metal Alkyls | |
| |
| |
| |
| Reactions of Metal Alkyls | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cyclopentadienyl Complexes (Metallocenes) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Metal Carbonyl Complexes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Metal Olefin Complexes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Complexes of Benzene and Related Aromatics | |
| |
| |
| References for Further Reading | |
| |
| |
| Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ionization Energies | |
| |
| |
| Index | |