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| Foreword | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Generalities | |
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| Units and Constants | |
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| Energy and Utility | |
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| Conservation of Energy | |
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| Planetary Energy Balance | |
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| The Energy Utilization Rate | |
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| The Population Explosion | |
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| The Market Penetration Function | |
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| Planetary Energy Resources | |
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| Energy Utilization | |
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| The Ecology Question | |
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| Nuclear Energy | |
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| Financing | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Heat Engines | |
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| A Minimum of Thermodynamics and of Kinetic Theory of Gases | |
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| The Motion of Molecules | |
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| Temperature | |
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| The Perfect-Gas Law | |
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| Internal Energy | |
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| Specific Heat at Constant Volume | |
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| The First Law of Thermodynamics | |
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| The Pressure-Volume Work | |
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| Specific Heat at Constant Pressure | |
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| Adiabatic Processes | |
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| Isothermal Processes | |
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| Functions of State | |
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| Enthalpy | |
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| Degrees of Freedom | |
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| Entropy | |
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| Reversibility | |
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| Negentropy | |
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| How to Plot Statistics | |
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| Maxwellian Distribution | |
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| Fermi-Dirac Distribution | |
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| Boltzmann's Law | |
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| Symbology | |
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| Problems | |
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| Mechanical Heat Engines | |
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| Heats of Combustion | |
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| Carnot Efficiency | |
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| Engine Types | |
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| Efficiency of an Otto Engine | |
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| Gasoline | |
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| Knocking | |
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| Hybrid Engines for Automobiles | |
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| The Stirling Engine | |
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| The Implementation of the Stirling Engine | |
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| Cryogenic Engines | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Ocean Thermal Energy Converters | |
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| Introduction | |
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| OTEC Configurations | |
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| Turbines | |
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| OTEC Efficiency | |
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| Example of OTEC Design | |
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| Heat Exchangers | |
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| Siting | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Thermoelectricity | |
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| Experimental Observations | |
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| Thermoelectric Thermometers | |
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| The Thermoelectric Generator | |
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| Figure of Merit of a Material | |
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| The Wiedemann-Franz-Lorenz Law | |
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| Thermal Conductivity in Solids | |
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| Seebeck Coefficient of Semiconductors | |
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| Performance of Thermoelectric Materials | |
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| Some Applications of Thermoelectric Generators | |
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| Design of a Thermoelectric Generator | |
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| Thermoelectric Refrigerators and Heat Pumps | |
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| Temperature Dependence | |
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| Battery Architecture | |
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| The Physics of Thermoelectricity | |
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| Direction and Signs | |
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| Appendix | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Thermionics | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Thermionic Emission | |
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| Electron Transport | |
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| Lossless Diodes with Space Charge Neutralization | |
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| Losses in Vacuum Diodes with No Space Charge | |
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| Real Vacuum Diodes | |
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| Vapor Diodes | |
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| High-Pressure Diodes | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| AMTEC | |
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| Operating Principle | |
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| Vapor Pressure | |
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| Pressure Drop in the Sodium Vapor Column | |
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| Mean Free Path of Sodium Ions | |
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| V-I Characteristics of an AMTEC | |
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| Efficiency | |
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| Thermodynamics of an AMTEC | |
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| References | |
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| Radio-Noise Generators | |
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| References | |
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| The World of Hydrogen | |
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| Fuel Cells | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Electrochemical Cells | |
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| Fuel Cell Classification | |
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| Fuel Cell Reactions | |
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| Typical Fuel Cell Configurations | |
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| Fuel Cell Applications | |
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| The Thermodynamics of Fuel Cells | |
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| Performance of Real Fuel Cells | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Hydrogen Production | |
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| Generalities | |
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| Chemical Production of Hydrogen | |
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| Electrolytic Hydrogen | |
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| Thermolytic Hydrogen | |
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| Photolytic Hydrogen | |
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| Photobiologic Hydrogen Production | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Hydrogen Storage | |
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| Compressed Gas | |
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| Cryogenic Hydrogen | |
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| Storage of Hydrogen by Adsorption | |
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| Storage of Hydrogen in Chemical Compounds | |
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| Hydride Hydrogen Compressors | |
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| Hydride Heat Pumps | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Energy from the Sun | |
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| Solar Radiation | |
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| The Nature of the Solar Radiation | |
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| Insolation | |
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| Solar Collectors | |
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| Some Solar Plant Configurations | |
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| (The Measurement of Time) | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Biomass | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Composition of Biomass | |
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| Biomass as Fuel | |
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| Photosynthesis | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Photovoltaic Converters | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Theoretical Efficiency | |
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| Carrier Multiplication | |
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| Spectrally Selective Beam Splitting | |
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| Thermo-photovoltaic Cells | |
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| The Ideal and the Practical | |
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| The Photodiode | |
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| The Reverse Saturation Current | |
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| Practical Efficiency | |
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| Solar-Power Satellite | |
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| Appendix A | |
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| Appendix B | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Wind and Water | |
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| Wind Energy | |
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| History | |
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| Wind Turbine Configurations | |
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| Eolergometry | |
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| Availability of Wind Energy | |
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| Wind Turbine Characteristics | |
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| Principles of Aerodynamics | |
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| Airfoils | |
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| Reynolds Number | |
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| Aspect Ratio | |
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| Wind Turbine Analysis | |
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| Aspect Ratio (of a wind turbine) | |
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| Centrifugal Force | |
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| Performance Calculation | |
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| Magnus Effect | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Ocean Engines | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Wave Energy | |
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| Tidal Energy | |
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| Energy from Currents | |
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| Salination Energy | |
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| The Osmotic Engine | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Subject Index | |