Preliminary Table of Contents Unit 1: Anthropological Perspectives 1.Before the Sixties,Conrad Phillip Kottak,Assault on Paradise,McGraw-Hill, 2006 An anthropologist7;s firstfieldworkis especially challenging since it involves living in a strange environment with a people whose culture is stranger still. Yet, as Phillip Kottak describes such an experience in a small community in Brazil, the reward is a greaterunderstanding of and appreciation for another culture. 2.Eating Christmas in the Kalahari,Richard Borshay Lee,Natural History,December 1969 Anthropologist Richard Borshay Lee gives an account of the misunderstanding and confusion that often accompaniescross-cultural experience.In this… case, he violated a basic principle of the !Kung Bushmen's social relations-food sharing. 3.Tricking and Tripping: Fieldwork on Prostitution in the Era of AIDS,Claire E. Sterk, fromTricking and Tripping: Prostitution in the Era of AIDS.Social Change Press, 2000 As unique as Claire E. Sterk7;s report onprostitutionmay be, she discusses issues common to anthropologists wherever theyfieldwork:How does one build trusting relationships with informants and what are an anthropologist7;sethical obligationstoward them? 4.Anthropology and Counterinsurgency: The Strange Story of their Curious Relationship,Montgomery McFate, J.D., Ph.D. fromMilitary Review,March-April, 2005 Countering the insurgency in Iraq requirescultural and social knowledge of the adversary.Yet, none of the elements of U.S. national power-diplomatic, military, intelligence, or economic-explicitly take adversary culture into account in the formation or execution of policy. Thiscultural knowledge gaphas a simple cause-the almost total absence of anthropology within the national-security establishment. Unit 2: Culture and Communication 5.Who7;s Speech is Better?,Donna Jo Napoli, fromLanguage Matters: a Guide to Everyday Questions about Language,Oxford University Press, 2003 Although we cannot explicitly state therules of our language,we do choose to follow different rules in different contexts. Depending on the situation, we manipulate every aspect of language, from simple differences inpronunciationandvocabularyto the more complicatedphrasingandsentence structure. 6.Do You Speak American?,Robert MacNeil, USA Today Magazine, January, 2005 It is a common assumption that the mass media is making all Americans speak in a similar manner.Linguistspoint out, however, that while some national trends in language are apparent,regional speech differencesare not only thriving, but in some places they are becoming even more distinctive. 7.Fighting for Our Lives,Deborah Tannen, fromThe Argument Culture,Random House, 1998 In America today, there seems to be apervasive warlike tone to public dialogue.The prevailing belief is that there are only two sides to an issue and opposition leads to truth. Often, however, an issue is more like a crystal, with many sides, and the truth is in the complex middle, not in theoversimplified extremes. 8.I Can7;t Even Open My Mouth,Deborah Tannen, fromI Only Say This Because I Love You,Random House, 2001 Since family members have a long, shared history, what they say in conversation-themessages-echo with meanings from the past-themetamessages.The metame