| |
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| List of Illustrations | |
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| List of Maps and Charts | |
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| Preface | |
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| The Meeting of Cultures | |
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| America Before Columbus | |
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| The Civilizations of the South | |
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| The Civilizations of the North | |
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| Europe Looks Westward | |
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| Commerce and Nationalist | |
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| Christopher Columbus | |
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| The Spanish Empire | |
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| Northern Outposts | |
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| Biological and Cultural Exchanges | |
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| Africa and America | |
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| The Arrival of the English | |
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| Incentives for Colonization | |
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| The French and the Dutch in America | |
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| The First English Settlements | |
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| Debating the Past: The American Population Before Columbus | |
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| America in the World: The Atlantic Context of Early American History | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| For Further Reference | |
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| Transplantations and Borderlands | |
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| The Early Chesapeake | |
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| The Founding of Jamestown | |
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| Reorganization and Expansion | |
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| Exchanges of Agricultural Technology | |
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| Maryland and The Calverts | |
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| Bacon's Rebellion | |
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| The Growth of New England | |
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| Plymouth Plantation | |
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| The Massachusetts Bay Experiment | |
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| The Expansion of New England | |
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| Settlers and Natives | |
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| King Philip's War and the Technology of Battle | |
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| The Restoration Colonies | |
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| The English Civil War | |
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| The Carolinas | |
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| New Netherlands New York, and New Jersey | |
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| The Quaker Colonies | |
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| Borderlands and Middle Grounds | |
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| The Caribbean Islands | |
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| Masters and Slaves in the Caribbean | |
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| The Southwestern Borderlands | |
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| The Southeast Borderlands | |
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| The Founding of Georgia | |
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| Middle Grounds | |
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| The Development of Empire | |
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| The Dominion of New England | |
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| The "Glorious Revolution" | |
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| Debating the Past: Native Americans and "The Middle Ground" | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| For Further Reference | |
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| Society and Culture in Provincial America | |
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| The Colonial Population | |
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| Indentured Servitude | |
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| Birth and Death | |
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| Medicine in the Colonies | |
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| Women and Families in the Colonies | |
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| The Beginnings of Slavery in English America | |
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| Changing Sources of European Immigration | |
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| The Colonial Economies | |
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| The Southern Economy | |
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| Northern Economic and Technological Life | |
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| The Extent and Limits of Technology | |
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| The Rise of Colonial Commerce | |
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| The Rise of Consumerism | |
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| Patterns of Society | |
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| Masters and Slaves on the Plantation | |
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| The Puritan Community | |
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| Cities | |
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| Awakenings and Enlightenments | |
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| The Pattern of Religions | |
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| The Great Awakening | |
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| The Enlightenment | |
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| Literacy and Technology | |
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| Education | |
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| The Spread of Science | |
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| Concepts of Law and Politics | |
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| Debating the Past: The Origins of Slavery | |
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| Debating the Past: The Withcraft Trials | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| For Further Reference | |
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| The Empire in Transition | |
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| Loosening Ties | |
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| A Decentralized Empire | |
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| The Colonies Divided | |
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| The Struggle for the Continent | |
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| New France and the Iroquois Nation | |
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| Anglo-French Conflicts | |
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| The Great War for the Empire | |
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| The New Imperialism | |
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| Burdens of Empire | |
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| The British and the Tribes | |
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| Battles over Trade and Taxes | |
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| Stirrings of Revolt | |
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| The Stamp Act Crisis | |
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| The Townshend Program | |
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| The Boston Massacre | |
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| The Philosophy of Revolt | |
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| Sites of Resistance | |
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| The Tea Excitement | |
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| Cooperation and War | |
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| New Sources of Authority | |
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| Lexington and Concord | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| For Further Reference | |
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| The American Revolution | |
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| The States United | |
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| Defining American War Aims | |
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| The Declaration of Independence | |
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| Mobilizing for War | |
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| The War for Independence | |
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| The First Phase: New England | |
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| The Second Phase: The Mid-Atlantic Region | |
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| Securing Aid from Abroad | |
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| The Final Phase: The South | |
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| Winning the Peace | |
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| War and Society | |
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| Loyalists and Minorities | |
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| The War and Slavery | |
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| Native Americans and the Revolution | |
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| Women's Rights and Women's Roles | |
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| The War Economy | |
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| The Creation of State Governments | |
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| The Assumptions of Republicanism | |
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| The First State Constitutions | |
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| Revising State Governments | |
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| Toleration and Slavery | |
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| The Search for a National Government | |
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| The Confederation | |
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| Diplomatic Failures | |
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| The Confederation and the Northwest | |
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| Indians and the Western Lands | |
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| Debts, Taxes, and Daniel Shays | |
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| Debating the Past: The American Revolution | |
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| America in the World: The Age of Revolutions | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| For Further Reference | |
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| The Constitution and the New Republic | |
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| Framing a New Government | |
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| Advocates of Reform | |
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| A Divided Convention | |
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| Compromise | |
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| The Constitution of 1787 | |
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| Adoption and Adaptation | |
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| Federalists and Antifederalists | |
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| Completing the Structure | |
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| Federalists and Republicans | |
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| Hamilton and the Federalists | |
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| Enacting the Federalist Program | |
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| The Republican Opposition | |
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| Establishing National Sovereignty | |
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| Securing the West | |
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| Maintaining Neutrality | |
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| The Downfall of the Federalists | |
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| The Election of 1796 | |
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| The Quasi War with France | |
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| Repression and Protest | |
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| The "Revolution" of 1800 | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| For Further Reference | |
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| The Jeffersonian Era | |
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| The Rise of Cultural Nationalism | |
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| Educational and Literary Nationalism | |
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| Medicine and Science | |
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| Cultural Aspirations of the New Nation | |
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| Religion and Revivalism | |
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| Stirrings of Industrialism | |
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| Technology in America | |
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| Transportation Innovations | |
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| Country and City | |
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| Jefferson the President | |
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| The Federal City and the "People's President" | |
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| Dollars and Ships | |
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| Conflict with the Courts | |
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| Doubling the National Domain | |
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| Jefferson and Napoleon | |
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| |
| The Louisiana Purchase | |
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| |
| Exploring the West | |
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| The Burr Conspiracy | |
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| Expansion and War | |
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| Conflict on the Seas | |
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| Impressment | |
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| "Peaceable Coercion" | |
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| The "Indian Problem" and the British | |
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| Tecumseh and the Prophet | |
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| Florida and War Fever | |
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| The War of 1812 | |
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| Battles with the Tribes | |
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| Battles with the British | |
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| |
| The Revolt of New England | |
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| The Peace Settlement | |
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| |
| America in the World: The Global Industrial Revolution | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| For Further Reference | |
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| Varieties of American Nationalism | |
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| |
| Stabilizing Economic Growth | |
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| The Government and Economic Growth | |
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| Transportation | |
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| Expanding Westward | |
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| The Great Migration | |
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| White Settlers in the Old Northwest | |
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| The Plantation System in the Old Southwest | |
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| Trade and Trapping in the Far West | |
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| |
| Eastern Images of the West | |
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| The "Era of Good Feelings" | |
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| The End of the First Party System | |
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| |
| John Quincy Adams and Florida | |
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| The Panic of 1819 | |
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| Sectionalism and Nationalism | |
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| |
| The Missouri Compromise | |
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| Marshall and the Court | |
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| The Court and the Tribes | |
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| |
| The Latin American Revolution and the Monroe Doctrine | |
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| The Revival of Opposition | |
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| The "Corrupt Bargain" | |
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| |
| The Second President Adams | |
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| |
| Jackson Triumphant | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| |
| For Further Reference | |
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| Jacksonian America | |
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| The Rise of Mass Politics | |
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| The Expanding Electorate | |
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| The Legitimization of Party | |
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| President of the Common Man | |
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| "Our Federal Union" | |
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| Calhoun and Nullification | |
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| The Rise of Van Buren | |
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| The Webster-Hayne Debate | |
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| The Nullification Crisis | |
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| The Removal of the Indians | |
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| |
| White Attitudes toward the Tribes | |
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| The "Five Civilized Tribes" | |
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| Trails of Tears | |
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| The Meaning of Removal | |
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| |
| Jackson and the Bank War | |
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| Biddle's Institution | |
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| The "Monster" Destroyed | |
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| |
| The Taney Court | |
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| |
| The Emergence of the Second Party System | |
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| |
| The Two Parties | |
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| |
| Politics after Jackson | |
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| |
| The Panic of 1837 | |
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| |
| The Van Buren Program | |
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| |
| The Log Cabin Campaign | |
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| |
| The Frustration of the Whigs | |
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| |
| Whig Diplomacy | |
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| |
| Debating the Past: Jacksonian Democracy | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| For Further Reference | |
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| |
| America's Economic Revolution | |
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| |
| The Changing American Population | |
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| |
| Population Trends | |
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| |
| Immigration and Urban Growth, 1840-1860 | |
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| |
| The Rise of Nativism | |
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| Transportation and Communications Revolutions | |
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| The Canal Age | |
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| The Early Railroads | |
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| |
| The Triumph of the Rails | |
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| |
| The Telegraph | |
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| |
| New Forms of Journalism | |
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| |
| Commerce and Industry | |
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| |
| The Expansion of Business, 1820-1840 | |
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| |
| The Emergence of the Factory | |
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| |
| Advances in Technology | |
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| Innovations in Corporate Organization | |
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| |
| Men and Women at Work | |
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| |
| Recruiting a Native Work Force | |
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| |
| The Immigrant Work Force | |
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| |
| The Factory System and the Artisan Tradition | |
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| |
| Fighting for Control | |
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| |
| Patterns of Society | |
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| |
| The Rich and the Poor | |
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| Social Mobility | |
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| Middle-Class Life | |
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| |
| The Changing Family | |
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| |
| The "Cult of Domesticity" | |
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| |
| Leisure Activities | |
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| |
| The Agricultural North | |
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| Northeastern Agriculture | |
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| |
| The Old Northwest | |
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| |
| Rural Life | |
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| |
| Conclusion | |
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| |
| For Further Reference | |
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| |
| |
| Cotton, Slavery, and the Old South | |
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| The Cotton Economy | |
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| |
| The Rise of King Cotton | |
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| |
| Southern Trade and Industry | |
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| Sources of Southern Difference | |
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| |
| Southern White Society | |
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| |
| The Planter Class | |
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| |
| The "Southern Lady" | |
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| The Plain Folk | |
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| Slavery: The "Peculiar Institution" | |
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| |
| Varieties of Slavery | |
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| |
| Life under Slavery | |
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| |
| Slavery in the Cities | |
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| |
| Free Blacks | |
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| |
| Slave Resistance | |
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| |
| The Culture of Slavery | |
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| |
| Slave Religion | |
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| |
| Language and Music | |
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| The Slave Family | |
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| Debating the Past: The Character of Slavery | |
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| |
| Conclusion | |
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| For Further Reference | |
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| Antebellum Culture and Reform | |
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| |
| The Romantic Impulse | |
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| |
| Nationalism and Romanticism in American Painting | |
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| |
| An American Literature | |
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| |
| Literature in the Antebellum South | |
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| The Transcendentalists | |
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| The Defense of Nature | |
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| Visions of Utopia | |
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| Redefining Gender Roles | |
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| The Mormons | |
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| |
| Remaking Society | |
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| Revivalism, Morality, and Order | |
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| Health, Science, and Phrenology | |
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| Medical Science | |
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| Education | |
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| Rehabilitation | |
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| The Rise of Feminism | |
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| |
| The Crusade against Slavery | |
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| Early Opposition to Slavery | |
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| |
| Garrison and Abolitionism | |
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| |
| Black Abolitionists | |
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| Anti-Abolitionism | |
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| |
| Abolitionism Divided | |
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| |
| America in the World: The Abolition of Slavery | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| |
| For Further Reference | |
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| |
| |
| The Impending Crisis | |
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| |
| Looking Westward | |
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| Manifest Destiny | |
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| |
| Americans in Texas | |
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| Oregon | |
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| |
| The Westward Migration | |
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| Expansion and War | |
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| The Democrats and Expansion | |
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| The Southwest and California | |
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| |
| The Mexican War | |
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| |
| The Sectional Debate | |
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| |
| Slavery and the Territories | |
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| |
| The California Gold Rush | |
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| |
| Rising Sectional Tensions | |
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| |
| The Compromise of 1850 | |
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| |
| The Crises of the 1850s | |
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| |
| The Uneasy Truce | |
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| |
| "Young America" | |
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| |
| Slavery, Railroads, and the West | |
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| |
| The Kansas-Nebraska Controversy | |
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| |
| "Bleeding Kansas" | |
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| |
| The Free-Soil Ideology | |
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| |
| The Pro-Slavery Argument | |
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| |
| Buchanan and Depression | |
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| |
| The Dred Scott Decision | |
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| |
| Deadlock over Kansas | |
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| |
| The Emergence of Lincoln | |
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| |
| John Brown's Raid | |
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| |
| The Election of Lincoln | |
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| |
| Conclusion | |
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| |
| For Further Reference | |
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| |
| |
| The Civil War | |
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| |
| The Secession Crisis | |
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| |
| The Withdrawal of the South | |
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| |
| The Failure of Compromise | |
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| |
| The Opposing Sides | |
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| |
| The Mobilization of the North | |
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| |
| Economic Nationalism | |
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| |
| Raising the Union Armies | |
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| |
| Wartime Leadership and Politics | |
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| |
| The Politics of Emancipation | |
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| |
| African Americans and the Union Cause | |
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| |
| Women, Nursing, and the War | |
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| |
| The Mobilization of the South | |
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| |
| Confederate Government | |
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| |
| Money and Manpower | |
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| |
| Economic and Social Effects of the War | |
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| |
| Strategy and Diplomacy | |
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| |
| The Commanders | |
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| |
| The Role of Sea Power | |
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| |
| Europe and the Disunited States | |
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| |
| Campaigns and Battles | |
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| |
| The Technology of War | |
| |
| |
| The Opening Clashes, 1861 | |
| |
| |
| The Western Theater, 1862 | |
| |
| |
| The Virginia Front, 1862 | |
| |
| |
| 1863: Year of Decision | |
| |
| |
| The Last Stage, 1864-1865 | |
| |
| |
| Debating the Past: The Causes of the Civil War | |
| |
| |
| America in the World: The Consolidation of Nations | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| For Further Reference | |
| |
| |
| |
| Reconstruction and the New South | |
| |
| |
| The Problems of Peacemaking | |
| |
| |
| The Aftermath of War and Emancipation | |
| |
| |
| Competing Notions of Freedom | |
| |
| |
| Plans for Reconstruction | |
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| |
| The Death of Lincoln | |
| |
| |
| Johnson and "Restoration" | |
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| |
| Radical Reconstruction | |
| |
| |
| The Black Codes | |
| |
| |
| The Fourteenth Amendment | |
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| |
| The Congressional Plan | |
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| |
| The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson | |
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| |
| The South in Reconstruction | |
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| |
| The Reconstruction Governments | |
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| |
| Education | |
| |
| |
| Landownership and Tenancy | |
| |
| |
| Incomes and Credit | |
| |
| |
| The African-American Family in Freedom | |
| |
| |
| The Grant Administration | |
| |
| |
| The Soldier President | |
| |
| |
| The Grant Scandals | |
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| |
| The Greenback Question | |
| |
| |
| Republican Diplomacy | |
| |
| |
| The Abandonment of Reconstruction | |
| |
| |
| The Southern States "Redeemed" | |
| |
| |
| Waning Northern Commitment | |
| |
| |
| The Compromise of 1877 | |
| |
| |
| The Legacy of Reconstruction | |
| |
| |
| The New South | |
| |
| |
| The "Redeemers" | |
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| |
| Industrialization and the "New South" | |
| |
| |
| Tenants and Sharecroppers | |
| |
| |
| African Americans and the New South | |
| |
| |
| The Birth of Jim Crow | |
| |
| |
| Debating the Past: Reconstruction | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| For Further Reference | |
| |
| |
| Appendices | |
| |
| |
| Index | |