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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Introduction | |
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Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering | |
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Engineering Geology | |
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Geotechnical Engineering Terms | |
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Symbols and Units | |
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Book Outline | |
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Introduction to Earthquakes | |
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Basic Earthquake Principles | |
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Plate Tectonics | |
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Types of Faults | |
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Seismograph | |
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Seismic Waves | |
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Magnitude of an Earthquake | |
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Local Magnitude Scale M<sub>L</sub> | |
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Surface Wave Magnitude Scale M<sub>s</sub> | |
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Moment Magnitude Scale M<sub>w</sub> | |
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Comparison of Magnitude Scales | |
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Summary | |
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Intensity of an Earthquake | |
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Problems | |
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Common Earthquake Effects | |
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Introduction | |
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Surface Rupture | |
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Description | |
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Damage Caused by Surface Rupture | |
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Regional Subsidence | |
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Liquefaction | |
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Introduction | |
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Settlement and Bearing Capacity Failures | |
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Waterfront Structures | |
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How Slides | |
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Lateral Spreading | |
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Slope Movement | |
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Types of Earthquake-Induced Slope Movement | |
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Examples of Earthquake-Induced Slope Movement | |
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Seismic Evaluation of Slope Stability | |
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Tsunami and Seiche | |
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Earthquake Structural Damage | |
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Introduction | |
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Earthquake-Induced Settlement | |
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Torsion | |
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Soft Story | |
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Definition and Examples | |
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Pancaking | |
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Shear Walls | |
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Wood-Frame Structures | |
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Pounding Damage | |
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Impact Damage from Collapse of Adjacent Structures | |
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Asymmetry | |
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Resonance of the Structure | |
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Soft Ground Effects | |
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Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering Analyses | |
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Site Investigation for Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering | |
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Introduction | |
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Scope of the Site Investigation | |
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Screening Investigation | |
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Quantitative Evaluation | |
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Subsurface Exploration | |
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Borings, Test Pits, and Trenches | |
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Soil Sampling | |
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Standard Penetration Test | |
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Cone Penetration Test | |
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Laboratory Testing | |
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Shear Strength | |
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Cyclic Triaxial Test | |
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Peak Ground Acceleration | |
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Introduction | |
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Methods Used to Determine the Peak Ground Acceleration | |
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Example of the Determination of Peak Ground Acceleration | |
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Local Soil and Geologic Conditions | |
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Report Preparation | |
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Problems | |
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Liquefaction | |
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Introduction | |
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Laboratory Liquefaction Studies | |
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Laboratory Data from Ishihara | |
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Laboratory Data from Seed and Lee | |
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Main Factors that Govern Liquefaction in the Field | |
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Liquefaction Analysis | |
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Introduction | |
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Cyclic Stress Ratio Caused by the Earthquake | |
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Cyclic Resistance Ratio from the Standard Penetration Test | |
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Factor of Safety against Liquefaction | |
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Example Problem | |
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Cyclic Resistance Ratio from the Cone Penetration Test | |
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Cyclic Resistance Ratio from the Shear Wave Velocity | |
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Report Preparation | |
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Problems | |
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Earthquake-Induced Settlement | |
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Introduction | |
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Settlement versus Factor of Safety against Liquefaction | |
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Introduction | |
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Methods of Analysis | |
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Limitations | |
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Liquefaction-Induced Ground Damage | |
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Types of Damage | |
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Method of Analysis | |
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Example Problem | |
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Volumetric Compression | |
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Main Factors Causing Volumetric Compression | |
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Simple Settlement Chart | |
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Method by Tokimatsu and Seed | |
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Example Problem | |
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Limitations | |
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Settlement due to Dynamic Loads Caused by Rocking | |
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Problems | |
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Bearing Capacity Analyses for Earthquakes | |
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Introduction | |
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General, Punching, and Local Shear | |
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Bearing Capacity Failures | |
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Shear Strength | |
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One-Third Increase in Bearing Pressure for Seismic Conditions | |
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Bearing Capacity Analyses for Liquefied Soil | |
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Introduction | |
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Punching Shear Analysis | |
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Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Equation | |
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Deep Foundations | |
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Other Design Considerations | |
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Example Problem | |
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Granular Soil with Earthquake-Induced Pore Water Pressures | |
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Introduction | |
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Bearing Capacity Equation | |
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Example Problem | |
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Bearing Capacity Analysis for Cohesive Soil Weakened by the Earthquake | |
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Introduction | |
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Bearing Capacity Equation | |
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Example Problem | |
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Report Preparation | |
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Problems | |
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Slope Stability Analyses for Earthquakes | |
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Introduction | |
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Inertia Slope Stability Analysis | |
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Weakening Slope Stability Analysis | |
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Cross Section and Soil Properties | |
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Inertia Slope Stability-Pseudostatic Method | |
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Introduction | |
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Selection of the Seismic Coefficient | |
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Wedge Method | |
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Method of Slices | |
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Landslide Analysis | |
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Other Slope Stability Considerations | |
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Example Problem | |
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Inertia Slope Stability-Newmark Method | |
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Introduction | |
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Example Problem | |
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Limitation of the Newmark Method | |
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Weakening Slope Stability-Flow Slides | |
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Introduction | |
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Factor of Safety against Liquefaction for Slopes | |
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Stability Analysis for Liquefied Soil | |
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Liquefied Shear Strength | |
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Weakening Slope Stability-Liquefaction-Induced Lateral Spreading | |
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Introduction | |
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Empirical Methods | |
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Summary | |
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Weakening Slope Stability-Strain-Softening Soil | |
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Mitigation of Slope Hazards | |
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Allowable Lateral Movement | |
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Mitigation Options | |
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Report Preparation | |
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Problems | |
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Retaining Wall Analyses for Earthquakes | |
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Introduction | |
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Retaining Wall Analyses for Static Conditions | |
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Retaining Wall Analyses for Earthquake Conditions | |
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One-Third Increase in Soil Properties for Seismic Conditions | |
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Pseudostatic Method | |
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Introduction | |
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Method by Seed and Whitman | |
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Method by Mononobe and Okabe | |
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Example Problem | |
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Mechanically Stabilized Earth Retaining Walls | |
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Retaining Wall Analyses for Liquefied Soil | |
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Introduction | |
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Design Pressures | |
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Sheet Pile Walls | |
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Summary | |
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Retaining Wall Analyses for Weakened Soil | |
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Restrained Retaining Walls | |
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Introduction | |
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Method of Analysis | |
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Example Problem | |
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Temporary Retaining Walls | |
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Static Design | |
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Earthquake Analysis | |
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Problems | |
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Other Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering Analyses | |
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Introduction | |
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Surface Rupture Zone | |
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Introduction | |
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Design Approach | |
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Groundwater | |
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Pavement Design | |
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Introduction | |
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Flexible Pavements | |
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Earthquake Design | |
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Pipeline Design | |
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Introduction | |
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Static Design | |
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Earthquake Design | |
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Response Spectrum | |
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Introduction | |
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Response Spectrum per the Uniform Building Code | |
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Alternate Method | |
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Example Problem | |
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Foundations on Rock | |
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Lightly Loaded Foundations on Rock | |
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Heavily Loaded Foundations on Rock | |
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Deep Foundations | |
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Introduction | |
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Vertical Loading Conditions | |
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Downdrag Loads | |
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Eccentric Loads | |
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Lateral Loads | |
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Problems | |
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Site Improvement Methods to Mitigate Earthquake Effects | |
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Grading and Other Soil Improvement Methods | |
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Introduction | |
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Grading | |
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Other Site Improvement Methods | |
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Soil Replacement | |
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Water Removal | |
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Site Strengthening | |
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Grouting | |
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Thermal | |
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Summary | |
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Groundwater Control | |
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Introduction | |
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Methods of Groundwater Control | |
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Groundwater Control for Slopes | |
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Foundation Alternatives to Mitigate Earthquake Effects | |
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Introduction | |
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Shallow Foundations | |
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Deep Foundations | |
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Introduction | |
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Pier and Grade Beam Support | |
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Prestressed Concrete Piles | |
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Foundations for Single-Family Houses | |
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Raised Wood Floor Foundation | |
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Slab-on-Grade | |
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California Northridge Earthquake | |
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Problems | |
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Building Codes and Summary Chapter | |
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Earthquake Provisions in Building Codes | |
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Introduction | |
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Code Development | |
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Limitations of Building Codes | |
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International Building Code | |
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Introduction | |
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Soils Investigation | |
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Excavation, Grading, and Fill | |
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Presumptive Load-Bearing Values | |
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General Regulations for Footings and Foundations | |
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Retaining Walls | |
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Site Class | |
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Peak Ground Acceleration | |
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Report Preparation | |
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Problems | |
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Summary of Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering | |
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Introduction | |
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Summary of Site Investigation | |
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Summary of Peak Ground Acceleration | |
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MCE<sub>G</sub> Peak Ground Acceleration | |
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Summary of Engineering Analyses | |
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Materials Weakened during the Earthquake | |
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Materials Not Weakened by the Earthquake | |
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Summary of Mitigation Measures | |
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Glossaries | |
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Field Testing Terminology | |
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Laboratory Testing Terminology | |
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Terminology for Engineering Analysis and Computations | |
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Compaction, Grading, and Construction Terminology | |
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Earthquake Terminology | |
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Glossary References | |
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EQSEARCH, EQFAULT, and FRISKSP Computer Programs | |
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Conversion Factors | |
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Example of a Geotechnical Report Dealing with Earthquake Engineering | |
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Solutions to Problems | |
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References | |
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Index follows Appendix F | |