| |
| |
| Foreword | |
| |
| |
| Table of Figures | |
| |
| |
| Table of Tables | |
| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| About Optical Discs | |
| |
| |
| Who Needs to Know About Optical Discs? | |
| |
| |
| Movies | |
| |
| |
| Music Performance Video | |
| |
| |
| Training and Productivity | |
| |
| |
| Education | |
| |
| |
| Computer Software | |
| |
| |
| Computer Multimedia | |
| |
| |
| Video Games | |
| |
| |
| Information Publishing | |
| |
| |
| Marketing and Communications | |
| |
| |
| And More... | |
| |
| |
| About This Book | |
| |
| |
| Units and Notation | |
| |
| |
| Other Conventions | |
| |
| |
| |
| The World Before DVD | |
| |
| |
| A Brief History of Audio Technology | |
| |
| |
| A Brief History of Video Technology | |
| |
| |
| Captured Light | |
| |
| |
| Dancing Electrons | |
| |
| |
| Metal Tape and Plastic Discs | |
| |
| |
| The Digital Face-Lift | |
| |
| |
| A Brief History of Data Storage Technology | |
| |
| |
| Innovations of CD | |
| |
| |
| |
| DVD Arrives | |
| |
| |
| The Long Gestation of DVD | |
| |
| |
| Hollywood Weighs In | |
| |
| |
| Dissension in the Ranks | |
| |
| |
| The Referee Shows Up | |
| |
| |
| Reconciliation | |
| |
| |
| Product Plans | |
| |
| |
| Turbulence | |
| |
| |
| Glib Promises | |
| |
| |
| Sliding Deadlines and Empty Announcements | |
| |
| |
| The Birth of DVD | |
| |
| |
| Disillusionment | |
| |
| |
| Divx: A Tale of Two DVDs | |
| |
| |
| Ups and Downs | |
| |
| |
| The Second Year | |
| |
| |
| The Second Wind | |
| |
| |
| The Year of DVD | |
| |
| |
| DVD Gets Connected | |
| |
| |
| Patents and Protections | |
| |
| |
| Blockbusters and Logjams | |
| |
| |
| Crackers | |
| |
| |
| The Medium of the New Millennium | |
| |
| |
| That's No Moon, That's a PlayStation | |
| |
| |
| DVD Turns Five | |
| |
| |
| Format Wars - The Next Generation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Technology Primer | |
| |
| |
| Gauges and Grids: Understanding Digital and Analog | |
| |
| |
| Pits and Marks and Error Correction | |
| |
| |
| Layers | |
| |
| |
| Two HDs: High Definition and High Density | |
| |
| |
| Birds Over the Phone: Understanding Video Compression | |
| |
| |
| Compressing Single Pictures | |
| |
| |
| Compressing Moving Pictures | |
| |
| |
| Advanced Video Codecs | |
| |
| |
| Birds Revisited: Understanding Audio Compression | |
| |
| |
| Perceptual Coding | |
| |
| |
| MPEG-1 Audio Coding | |
| |
| |
| MPEG-2 Audio Coding | |
| |
| |
| Dolby Digital Audio Coding | |
| |
| |
| DTS Audio Coding | |
| |
| |
| MLP & Dolby True HD Audio Encoding | |
| |
| |
| DTS-HD | |
| |
| |
| Effects of Audio Encoding | |
| |
| |
| Speakers Everywhere | |
| |
| |
| A Few Timely Words about Jitter | |
| |
| |
| Pegs and Holes: Understanding Aspect Ratios | |
| |
| |
| How It's Done with DVD | |
| |
| |
| How It Wasn't Done with DVD | |
| |
| |
| Widescreen TV's | |
| |
| |
| Aspect Ratios Revisited | |
| |
| |
| Why 16:9? | |
| |
| |
| The Transfer Tango | |
| |
| |
| The Pin-Striped TV: Interlaced vs. Progressive Scanning | |
| |
| |
| Progressive DVD Players | |
| |
| |
| New Display Technologies | |
| |
| |
| What's Wrong with CRT? | |
| |
| |
| Types of New Displays | |
| |
| |
| The New Video Formats | |
| |
| |
| |
| Features | |
| |
| |
| Bells and Whistles | |
| |
| |
| Over 2 Hours of High-Quality Digital Video and Audio | |
| |
| |
| Widescreen Movies | |
| |
| |
| Multiple Surround Audio Tracks | |
| |
| |
| Karaoke | |
| |
| |
| Subtitles | |
| |
| |
| Different Camera Angles | |
| |
| |
| Multistory Seamless Branching | |
| |
| |
| Parental Lock | |
| |
| |
| Menus | |
| |
| |
| Interactivity | |
| |
| |
| On-Screen Lyrics and Slideshows | |
| |
| |
| Customization | |
| |
| |
| Instant Access | |
| |
| |
| Trick Play | |
| |
| |
| Access Restrictions | |
| |
| |
| Durability | |
| |
| |
| Programmability | |
| |
| |
| Interoperability with ROM Players | |
| |
| |
| Availability of Features | |
| |
| |
| Beyond DVD-Video and DVD-Audio | |
| |
| |
| Navigation & Interactivity | |
| |
| |
| Standard Navigation | |
| |
| |
| Advanced Navigation | |
| |
| |
| Picture in Picture | |
| |
| |
| Menu Noises | |
| |
| |
| Subtitles and Captions | |
| |
| |
| Network Capabilities | |
| |
| |
| Persistent Storage | |
| |
| |
| |
| Content Protection | |
| |
| |
| Content Scrambling System (CSS) | |
| |
| |
| CSS Technical Overview | |
| |
| |
| CSS Authentication and Decryption | |
| |
| |
| CSS Licensing and Compliance for PCs | |
| |
| |
| A Recipe for Resistance | |
| |
| |
| Content Protection for Prerecorded Media (CPPM) | |
| |
| |
| Content Protection for Recordable Media (CPRM) | |
| |
| |
| Analog Protection System (APS) | |
| |
| |
| Copy Generation Management (CGMS) | |
| |
| |
| Watermarking | |
| |
| |
| Digital Transmission Content Protection (DTCP) | |
| |
| |
| High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP) | |
| |
| |
| Summary of Content Protection Schemes | |
| |
| |
| Regional Management (RMA) | |
| |
| |
| Regional Management on PCs | |
| |
| |
| Next-Generation Copy Protection | |
| |
| |
| Advanced Access Content System (AACS) | |
| |
| |
| Self-Protecting Digital Content (SPDC) | |
| |
| |
| Ramifications of Copy Protection | |
| |
| |
| Effect of Copy Protection on Computers | |
| |
| |
| The Analog Hole | |
| |
| |
| |
| Overview of the Formats | |
| |
| |
| The DVD Family | |
| |
| |
| The DVD Format Specification | |
| |
| |
| Variations and Capacities of DVD | |
| |
| |
| Hybrids | |
| |
| |
| New Formats | |
| |
| |
| General Similarities & Differences of HD DVD and BD | |
| |
| |
| HD DVD | |
| |
| |
| Blu-ray Disc (BD) | |
| |
| |
| Microsoft WMV HD | |
| |
| |
| DivX HD | |
| |
| |
| UMD | |
| |
| |
| FVD | |
| |
| |
| EVD, HVD, and HDV | |
| |
| |
| Format Compatibility | |
| |
| |
| Physical Compatibility | |
| |
| |
| File System Compatibility | |
| |
| |
| Application Compatibility | |
| |
| |
| Implementation Compatibility | |
| |
| |
| New Wine in Old Bottles: DVD on CD | |
| |
| |
| Compatibility Initiatives | |
| |
| |
| Backward Compatibility | |
| |
| |
| Sideways Compatibility | |
| |
| |
| |
| Red Laser Physical Disc Formats | |
| |
| |
| Physical Composition | |
| |
| |
| Substrates and Layers | |
| |
| |
| Mastering and Stamping | |
| |
| |
| Hybrid Disc Construction | |
| |
| |
| Bonding | |
| |
| |
| Burst Cutting Area | |
| |
| |
| Optical Pickups | |
| |
| |
| Media Storage and Longevity | |
| |
| |
| Writable DVD | |
| |
| |
| DVD-R | |
| |
| |
| DVD-RW | |
| |
| |
| DVD-RAM | |
| |
| |
| DVD+R and DVD+RW | |
| |
| |
| Phase-Change Recording | |
| |
| |
| Real-Time Recording Mode | |
| |
| |
| Summary of Writable DVD | |
| |
| |
| Data Format | |
| |
| |
| Sector Makeup and Error Correction | |
| |
| |
| Data Flow and Buffering | |
| |
| |
| Disc Organization | |
| |
| |
| File Format | |
| |
| |
| DVD-ROM Premastering | |
| |
| |
| Improvement over CD | |
| |
| |
| |
| Blue Laser Physical Disc Formats | |
| |
| |
| Physical Composition | |
| |
| |
| HD DVD Physical Format | |
| |
| |
| HD DVD Recording | |
| |
| |
| HD DVD Error Correction | |
| |
| |
| HD DVD Data Modulation | |
| |
| |
| HD DVD-R and -RW Formats | |
| |
| |
| HD DVD-RW Defect Management | |
| |
| |
| Blu-ray Physical Format | |
| |
| |
| BD-ROM Mastering | |
| |
| |
| BD-ROM Composition and Production | |
| |
| |
| BD-RE Composition | |
| |
| |
| BD-R Composition | |
| |
| |
| BD Error Correction | |
| |
| |
| BD Data Modulation | |
| |
| |
| BD-R/RE Recording | |
| |
| |
| BD-R/RE Defect Management | |
| |
| |
| |
| Application Details | |
| |
| |
| DVD File Format | |
| |
| |
| Real-Time Recording Mode | |
| |
| |
| DVD-Video | |
| |
| |
| Navigation and Presentation Overview | |
| |
| |
| Physical Data Structure | |
| |
| |
| Domains and Spaces | |
| |
| |
| Presentation Data Structure | |
| |
| |
| Navigation Data | |
| |
| |
| Summary of Data Structures | |
| |
| |
| Menus | |
| |
| |
| Buttons | |
| |
| |
| Stills | |
| |
| |
| User Operations | |
| |
| |
| Video | |
| |
| |
| Audio | |
| |
| |
| Subpictures | |
| |
| |
| Closed Captions | |
| |
| |
| Camera Angles | |
| |
| |
| Parental Management | |
| |
| |
| Seamless Playback | |
| |
| |
| Text | |
| |
| |
| DVD-Audio | |
| |
| |
| Data Structures | |
| |
| |
| Navigation | |
| |
| |
| Bonus Tracks | |
| |
| |
| Audio Formats | |
| |
| |
| High-Frequency Audio Concerns | |
| |
| |
| Downmixing | |
| |
| |
| Stills and Slideshows | |
| |
| |
| Text | |
| |
| |
| Super Audio CD (SACD) | |
| |
| |
| DVD Recording | |
| |
| |
| DVD-VR | |
| |
| |
| DVD-AR | |
| |
| |
| DVD-SR | |
| |
| |
| Universal Media Disc (UMD) | |
| |
| |
| UMD Video | |
| |
| |
| Organizational Structure | |
| |
| |
| Interactivity on UMD | |
| |
| |
| What UMD is Not | |
| |
| |
| Where is UMD Going? | |
| |
| |
| HD DVD | |
| |
| |
| HD DVD-Video | |
| |
| |
| Video Formats | |
| |
| |
| Audio Formats | |
| |
| |
| Content Types on HD DVD | |
| |
| |
| Standard Content | |
| |
| |
| Advanced Content | |
| |
| |
| Components of an Advanced Application | |
| |
| |
| Interactivity on HD DVD-Video | |
| |
| |
| HD DVD-VR | |
| |
| |
| Compatibility wiht HD DVD-Video | |
| |
| |
| Blu-ray Disc (BD) | |
| |
| |
| BD-AV | |
| |
| |
| Organizational Structure | |
| |
| |
| BD-MV | |
| |
| |
| Video Formats | |
| |
| |
| Audio Formats | |
| |
| |
| Content Types on BD-ROM | |
| |
| |
| Organizational Structure | |
| |
| |
| HDMV (HD Movie mode) | |
| |
| |
| BD-Java (BD-J) | |
| |
| |
| Other Formats | |
| |
| |
| |
| Players | |
| |
| |
| Getting Connected | |
| |
| |
| Digital Upscaling | |
| |
| |
| Choosing a DVD Player | |
| |
| |
| Connection Spaghetti - How to Hook Up a DVD Player | |
| |
| |
| Connector Soup | |
| |
| |
| Audio Hookup | |
| |
| |
| Digital Audio | |
| |
| |
| Multichannel Analog Audio | |
| |
| |
| Stereo/Surround Analog Audio | |
| |
| |
| AC-3 RF Digital Audio | |
| |
| |
| A Bit About Bass | |
| |
| |
| Video Hookup | |
| |
| |
| Component Video | |
| |
| |
| S-Video | |
| |
| |
| Composite Video | |
| |
| |
| RF Audio/Video | |
| |
| |
| Digital Connections | |
| |
| |
| Understanding Your DVD Player | |
| |
| |
| Remote Control and Navigation | |
| |
| |
| Player Setup | |
| |
| |
| Future Connections | |
| |
| |
| The Player Inside | |
| |
| |
| Next-Generation Players | |
| |
| |
| Licensing | |
| |
| |
| New Format Licensing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Myths | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD is not HDTV Compatible" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD Is Revolutionary" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD Will Fail" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD Is a Worldwide Standard" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "Region Codes Do Not Apply to Computers" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "A DVD-ROM Drive Makes Any PC a Movie Player" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "Competing DVD-Video Formats are Available" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD Players Can Play CDs" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD Is Better Because It Is Digital" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD Video Is Poor Because It Is Compressed" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "Compression Does Not Work for Animation" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "Discs Are Too Fragile to Be Rented" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "Dolby Digital Means 5.1 Channels" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "The Audio Level from DVD Players Is Too Low" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "Downmixed Audio Is Not Good because the LFE Channel Is Omitted" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD Lets You Watch Movies as They Were Meant to Be Seen" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD Crops Widescreen Movies" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD Will Replace Your VCR" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "People Will Not Collect DVDs Like They Do CDs" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD Holds 4.7 to 18 Gigabytes" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD Holds 133 Minutes of Video" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "DVD-Video Runs at 4.692 Mbps" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "Some Units Cannot Play Dual-Layer or Double-Sided Discs" | |
| |
| |
| Myth: "JavaScript is Java" and "Javascript is the same as ECMAScript" | |
| |
| |
| |
| What's Wrong with DVD | |
| |
| |
| Regional Management | |
| |
| |
| Copy Protection | |
| |
| |
| Hollywood Baggage on Computers | |
| |
| |
| NTSC versus PAL | |
| |
| |
| Tardy DVD-Audio | |
| |
| |
| Incompatible Recordable Formats | |
| |
| |
| Late-Blooming Video Recording | |
| |
| |
| Playback Incompatibilities | |
| |
| |
| Synchronization Problems | |
| |
| |
| Feeble Support of Parental Choice Features | |
| |
| |
| Not Better Enough | |
| |
| |
| No Reverse Gear | |
| |
| |
| Only Two Aspect Ratios | |
| |
| |
| Deficient Pan and Scan | |
| |
| |
| Inefficient Multitrack Audio | |
| |
| |
| Inadequate Interactivity | |
| |
| |
| Limited Graphics | |
| |
| |
| Small Discs | |
| |
| |
| No Barcode Standard | |
| |
| |
| No External Control Standard | |
| |
| |
| Poor Computer Compatibility | |
| |
| |
| No WebDVD Standard | |
| |
| |
| Escalated Obsolescence | |
| |
| |
| Summary of the Old DVD's Shortcomings | |
| |
| |
| What's Wrong with the New DVD | |
| |
| |
| Two Too Many | |
| |
| |
| Too Many Video Formats | |
| |
| |
| Too Many Encoding Formats | |
| |
| |
| Too Many Inputs | |
| |
| |
| Too Many Channels | |
| |
| |
| Not Enough Interactivity | |
| |
| |
| Too Much Interactivity | |
| |
| |
| |
| New Interaction Paradigms | |
| |
| |
| Recreating DVD's Success | |
| |
| |
| The New Paradigm | |
| |
| |
| The Seamless User Experience | |
| |
| |
| Target Applications | |
| |
| |
| Creating the Paradigm | |
| |
| |
| Designing for Interactivity | |
| |
| |
| Additional Features | |
| |
| |
| Internet Connected Players | |
| |
| |
| Local Storage | |
| |
| |
| Types of User Input | |
| |
| |
| |
| DVD in Home, Business, and Education | |
| |
| |
| How to Get the Best Picture and Sound | |
| |
| |
| Viewing Distance | |
| |
| |
| THX Certification | |
| |
| |
| Software Certification | |
| |
| |
| Hardware Certification | |
| |
| |
| The Appeal of DVD | |
| |
| |
| The Appeal of DVD-Video | |
| |
| |
| The Appeal of DVD-ROM | |
| |
| |
| Sales and Marketing | |
| |
| |
| Communications | |
| |
| |
| Training and Business Education | |
| |
| |
| Industrial Applications | |
| |
| |
| Classroom Education | |
| |
| |
| Care and Feeding of Discs | |
| |
| |
| Handling and Storage | |
| |
| |
| Cleaning and Repairing DVDs | |
| |
| |
| |
| DVD on Computers | |
| |
| |
| DVD-Video Sets the Standard | |
| |
| |
| Multimedia: Out of the Frying Pan... | |
| |
| |
| A Slow Start | |
| |
| |
| DVD-ROM for Computers | |
| |
| |
| Features | |
| |
| |
| Compatibility | |
| |
| |
| Interface | |
| |
| |
| Disc Format and I/O Drivers | |
| |
| |
| DVD-Video for Computers | |
| |
| |
| The DVD-Video Computer | |
| |
| |
| DVD-Video Playback | |
| |
| |
| Decoders | |
| |
| |
| Microsoft Windows Architecture | |
| |
| |
| Apple Macintosh Architecture | |
| |
| |
| DVD-Video Playback Details | |
| |
| |
| DVD By Any Other Name: Application Types | |
| |
| |
| Pure DVD-Video | |
| |
| |
| Computer Bonus DVD-Video | |
| |
| |
| Computer-augmented DVD-Video | |
| |
| |
| Split DVD-Video/DVD-ROM | |
| |
| |
| Multimedia DVD-ROM | |
| |
| |
| Data Storage DVD-ROM | |
| |
| |
| DVD Production Levels | |
| |
| |
| WebDVD | |
| |
| |
| WebDVD Applications | |
| |
| |
| Enabling WebDVD | |
| |
| |
| Creating WebDVD | |
| |
| |
| Making and Accessing the Audio and Video | |
| |
| |
| Designing the Interface | |
| |
| |
| Synchronization | |
| |
| |
| Connections | |
| |
| |
| Conditional Access | |
| |
| |
| WebDVD for Windows | |
| |
| |
| WebDVD for Macintosh | |
| |
| |
| WebDVD for the Rest of the World | |
| |
| |
| Why Not WebDVD? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Production Essentials | |
| |
| |
| General DVD Production | |
| |
| |
| CD or DVD? | |
| |
| |
| DVD-5 or DVD-9 or DVD-10? | |
| |
| |
| DVD-Video or DVD-ROM or Both? | |
| |
| |
| DVD-Video and DVD-Audio Production | |
| |
| |
| Tasks and Skills | |
| |
| |
| The Production Process | |
| |
| |
| Production Decisions | |
| |
| |
| Service Bureau or Home Brew? | |
| |
| |
| VBR or CBR? | |
| |
| |
| NTSC or PAL? | |
| |
| |
| PCM or Dolby Digital or MPEG Audio or DTS? | |
| |
| |
| Multiregion and Multilanguage Issues | |
| |
| |
| Supplemental Material | |
| |
| |
| Scheduling and Asset Management | |
| |
| |
| Project Design | |
| |
| |
| Menu Design | |
| |
| |
| Menu Creation | |
| |
| |
| Tips and Tricks | |
| |
| |
| Navigation Design | |
| |
| |
| Tips and Tricks | |
| |
| |
| Balancing the Bit Budget | |
| |
| |
| Tips and Tricks | |
| |
| |
| Asset Preparation | |
| |
| |
| Preparing Video Assets | |
| |
| |
| Tips and Tricks | |
| |
| |
| Preparing Animation and Composited Video | |
| |
| |
| Preparing Audio Assets | |
| |
| |
| Tips and Tricks | |
| |
| |
| The Zen of Subwoofers | |
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| Slipping Synchronization | |
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| Preparing Subpictures | |
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| Tips and Tricks | |
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| Subpictures for Anamorphic Video | |
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| Subtitles | |
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| Preparing Graphics | |
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| Colors | |
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| Image Dimensions | |
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| Safe Areas | |
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| Video Artifacts | |
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| Tips and Tricks | |
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| Putting It All Together (Authoring) | |
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| Tips and Tricks | |
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| Formatting and Output | |
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| Testing and Quality Control | |
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| Tips and Tricks | |
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| Replication, Duplication, and Distribution | |
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| Disc Labeling | |
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| Package Design | |
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| Tips and Tricks | |
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| Production Maxims | |
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| DVD-ROM Production | |
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| File Systems and Filesnames | |
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| Bit Budgeting | |
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| A/V File Formats | |
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| Hybrid Discs | |
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| Impact of the New Formats | |
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| A Lot More Elements | |
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| Design vs. Authoring | |
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| When Authoring Becomes Programming | |
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| DVD and Beyond | |
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| The Prediction Gallery: 1996 | |
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| Four-year Reality Check: 2000 | |
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| The Prediction Gallery: 2000 | |
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| Five-year Reality Check: 2005 | |
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| The Death of VCRs | |
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| Hybrid DVD Systems | |
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| The UMD Explosion | |
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| Growth of Next-generation DVD | |
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| Beyond Next-generation DVD | |
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| The Death of CD-ROM | |
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| The Interregnum of CD-RW | |
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| Standards, Anyone? | |
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| The Changing Face of Home Entertainment | |
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| The Far Horizon | |
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| Reference Data | |
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| Standards Related to DVD | |
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| References and Information Sources | |