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| Introduction | |
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| Targeted Audience | |
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| Benefits for the Reader | |
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| Organization of the Book | |
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| Author's Disclaimer | |
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| Acronyms and Abbreviations | |
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| Background | |
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| Evolution to Broadband | |
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| Introduction | |
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| What Is a Communications Network? | |
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| Architecture of Communication Networks | |
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| Categorization of Communication Networks Based on Topology | |
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| Categorization of Communication Networks Based on Traffic Transport Mechanisms | |
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| Categorization of Communication Networks Based on Functional Area | |
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| Categorization of Communication Networks Based on Dominant Applications | |
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| Telecommunications Networks | |
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| History of Telecommunications Networks | |
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| Architecture of Telecommunications Networks | |
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| Data Communications Networks | |
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| History of Data Communications Networks | |
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| Architecture of Data Communications Networks | |
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| Video Networks | |
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| History of Video Networks | |
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| Architecture of Video Networks | |
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| Broadband Networks--The Convergence of Networks for High-Speed Communications | |
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| Technological, Economic, and Regulatory Drivers for Convergence | |
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| Technological Drivers | |
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| Regulatory Drivers | |
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| Economic Drivers | |
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| Evolutionary Process Toward Convergence | |
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| Applications of Broadband Networks | |
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| Internet Access | |
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| Imaging | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Broadband Access Technologies and Architectures | |
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| Overview | |
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| Needs of Customers, Service Providers, and Equipment Manufacturers | |
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| Needs of Customers | |
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| Needs of Service Providers | |
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| Needs of Equipment Manufacturers | |
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| Key Requirements | |
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| Affordable Access | |
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| Ubiquitous Access | |
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| High-speed Access | |
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| Broadband Access Technologies | |
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| Copper-Loop Access Technologies (XDSL) | |
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| Cable Access Technologies | |
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| Satellite Technology | |
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| Broadband Access Architecture | |
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| IDLC (Integrated Digital Loop Carrier) | |
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| Hybrid Fiber/Coax (HFC) | |
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| Fiber-to-the-Curb (FTTC) and Other Fiber Architectures | |
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| LMDS | |
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| MMDS | |
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| DBS Architecture | |
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| Analysis of Broadband Technologies and Architectures | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| DSL Technologies | |
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| Fundamentals of Copper-Loop Transmission | |
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| Overview | |
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| Background of PSTN Technology | |
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| Information, Data, and Signals | |
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| Analog Signals | |
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| Conversion of Human Voice into Analog Signals | |
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| The PSTN and Analog Transmission | |
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| Evolution of the PSTN Core to Digital Transmission | |
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| Challenges and Limitations of the PSTN Access Network for Data Transmission | |
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| Signal Attenuation Due to Distance | |
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| Noisy Environment | |
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| Legacy of the Voice Access Network Architecture | |
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| Techniques to Overcome the Challenges and Limitations of the PSTN Access Network | |
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| Line Coding and Modulation/Demodulation | |
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| Error Control | |
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| Data Compression | |
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| Advanced Techniques | |
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| Echo Cancellation | |
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| Multi-dimensional Trellis Coding | |
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| Shell Mapping (Constellation Shaping) | |
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| Fast Training | |
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| Evolution of Modem Technology and Standards to DSL | |
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| Simultaneous POTS and DSL Service | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| ADSL and ADSL Lite | |
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| Background | |
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| History | |
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| Basic Network Architecture | |
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| Applications | |
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| Standards and Working Group Activities | |
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| Technology Discussion | |
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| Modulation Schemes | |
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| ANSI T1.413 Standard Overview | |
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| ADSL System Reference Model | |
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| ADSL Transport Classes | |
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| ADSL Overhead | |
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| ADSL Framing | |
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| Initialization | |
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| Fast Retraining for ADSL Lite | |
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| Power Management for ADSL Lite | |
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| Differences between T1.413i2, G.dmt, and G.lite | |
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| Current State of the Technology | |
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| Deployment Issues and Possible Solutions | |
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| Interoperability Efforts | |
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| Trials and Deployments | |
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| Future Directions | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| HDSL and HDSL2 | |
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| Background | |
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| History | |
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| Basic Network Architecture | |
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| Applications | |
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| Standards Activities | |
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| Technology Discussion | |
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| Modulation Schemes | |
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| Overview of the Draft HDSL2 Standard | |
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| HDSL2 System Reference Model | |
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| H2TU Transceiver Reference Model | |
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| H2TU DS1 TC Layer Functional Characteristics | |
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| Initialization | |
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| Data Mode | |
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| Operations, Administration, Maintenance, and Provisioning (OAMandP) | |
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| Current State of the Technology | |
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| Deployment Issues and Possible Solutions | |
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| Trials and Deployments | |
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| Future Directions | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| VDSL | |
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| Background | |
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| History | |
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| Basic Network Architecture | |
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| Applications | |
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| Standards and Special-Interest Group Activities | |
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| Technology Discussion | |
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| Modulation Schemes | |
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| Upstream Multiplexing | |
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| VDSL Proposals | |
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| ANSI Requirements Documents | |
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| VDSL Reference Model | |
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| VDSL Data Rates | |
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| VDSL Activation and States | |
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| Current State of the Technology | |
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| Deployment Issues and Possible Solutions | |
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| Future Directions | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Fundamentals of Higher-Layer Technologies | |
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| Overview | |
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| Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) | |
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| Principles of ATM | |
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| Advantages (and Disadvantages) of ATM | |
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| ATM Standards | |
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| ATM Protocol Model | |
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| ATM Addressing | |
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| ATM Signaling | |
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| ATM Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) | |
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| Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) | |
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| TCP/IP Standards | |
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| TCP/IP Protocol Architecture | |
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| PPP and Tunneling | |
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| PPP and the OSI Layer | |
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| PPP Initialization | |
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| PPP Data Transfer | |
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| PPP and Tunneling | |
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| Tunneling Protocols | |
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| Tunnel Establishment | |
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| Differences between Traditional Dial-up and Tunneling | |
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| Audio Compression | |
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| G.7xx Series of ITU Standards | |
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| ADPCM | |
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| CELP | |
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| Video Compression | |
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| Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) Standard | |
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| H.261 Developed by the ITU | |
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| MPEG-1 Developed by ISO/IEC | |
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| MPEG-2 Developed by ISO/IEC | |
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| MPEG-4 Developed by ISO/IEC | |
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| Videoconferencing | |
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| H.32x Series of Standards Developed by the ITU | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Dsl Architecture | |
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| Premises and Access Network Architectures | |
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| Overview | |
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| Premise Network Architecture Requirements | |
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| CPE Configuration Requirements | |
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| U-interface Requirements | |
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| Service Definition Requirements | |
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| Proposed Premises Network Architectures | |
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| Single Host, Internal DSL Modem | |
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| Multiple Hosts, Internal DSL Modem | |
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| Single/Multiple Host(s), External DSL Modem Over ATM-based Premises Distribution | |
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| Single/Multiple Host(s), External DSL Modem Over Non-ATM Based Premises Distribution | |
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| Multiple Hosts, Any Media Premises Distribution Using Routing | |
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| Functions of the Access Network | |
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| User Port Functions | |
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| Service Port Functions | |
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| Core Functions | |
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| Transport Functions | |
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| Access Network System Management Functions | |
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| Network Elements of a DSL-based Access Architecture | |
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| Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) | |
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| Access Loop | |
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| Colocation or Central Office Equipment | |
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| Transport | |
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| Switch/Point-of-presence Location | |
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| Common Access Architectures | |
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| Integrated Digital Loop Carrier (IDLC) | |
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| Fiber-to-the-node (FTTN) and Other Fiber-based Loop Architectures (FTTC, FTTH, and FTTB) | |
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| CLEC Architecture | |
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| Architectural Issues | |
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| Operational | |
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| Economic | |
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| Regulatory | |
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| G.lite Specific Issues | |
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| Rate Change Due to Splitterless Operation | |
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| Maintaining a Network Presence during Reinitialization | |
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| Future Directions | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Service Architecture | |
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| Overview | |
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| Reference Architecture | |
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| Service and Higher-layer Architecture | |
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| Voice Services and Architecture | |
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| Protocol Stack | |
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| Key Architecture Element | |
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| Architecture Requirements | |
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| Architecture Issues | |
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| Data Services and Architecture | |
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| Protocol Stack | |
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| Architecture Requirements | |
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| Architecture Issues | |
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| Video Services and Architecture | |
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| Protocol Stack | |
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| Architecture Requirements | |
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| Architecture Issues | |
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| Full Integrated Services (Integrated Voice, Data, Video) | |
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| Protocol Stack | |
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| Architecture Requirements | |
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| ATM-based Access Network Performance | |
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| Architecture Issues | |
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| Impact of DSL-based Services on Operational Processes | |
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| Summary | |
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| References | |
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| Broadband Access Network Design | |
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| Overview | |
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| Broadband Access Network Definition | |
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| Network Design Requirements for Broadband Access | |
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| Traffic | |
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| Protocol | |
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| Architecture | |
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| Services, Features, and Functions | |
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| Access Route Diversity | |
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| DSL-based Access Network Design | |
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| Traffic Engineering | |
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| Access Technology Selection | |
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| Link or Transmission Network Design | |
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| Broadband DSLAM Node Design | |
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| Broadband Access Network Topologies | |
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| Physical Star/Logical Star Topology | |
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| Physical Ring/Logical Star | |
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| Physical Star/Logical Ring | |
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| Summary | |
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| Telecom Operating Companies Pursuing DSL | |
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| Regulators | |
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| Telecommunications | |
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| Journals and Magazines | |
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| Journals and Other Electronic Media | |
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| Index | |