Optical System Design

Name: Optical System Design
Price: 24.65 USD
Availability: InStock
ISBN: 9780071349161

ISBN-10: 0071349162

ISBN-13: 9780071349161

Edition: 2000

Authors: Robert F. Fischer, Bijana Tadic

List price: $105.00

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Description:

Based on a popular International Society for Optical Engineering (SPIE) professional education course; the lead author has taught for 20 years New to this edition: chapters on opto-mechanical design and stray-light suppression, and a completely rewritten diffractive optics chapter Includes computer-aided design examples and case studies in digital imaging, sensors, lasers, machine vision, and more

Book details

List price: $105.00
Copyright year: 2000
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing
Publication date: 6/30/2000
Binding: Hardcover
Pages: 559
Size: 7.50" wide x 9.25" long x 1.50" tall
Weight: 2.838

Robert Fischer is the president of Optics 1,Inc., and a past president of SPIE. Biljana Tadic-Galeb (Westlake Village, CA) is a senior optical staffengineer at Optics 1. Paul Yoder is a consultant specializing in optical andopto-mechanical design.

Biljana Tadic-Galeb is a Senior Staff Optical Engineer at OPTICS 1, Incorporated, of Westlake Village, California. She has BS in physics from the University of Sarajevo, Yugoslavia, and an MS in Optics from Reading University, England. She also holds an MS in Metrology from the University of Beograd, Yugoslavia. Ms. Tadic-Galeb has over 20 years of experience as an Optical Systems Engineer with specialties in the development of complex visible, ir, and uv optical systems, projections systems, laser systems, and hybrid systems with diffractive elements and fibers. She was recognized by the National Academy of Engineering in their Featured Women Engineers Program.

Preface	p. xiii
Basic Optics and Optical System Specifications	p. 1
The Purpose of an Imaging Optical System	p. 2
How to Specify Your Optical System: Basic Parameters	p. 3
Basic Definition of Terms	p. 10
Useful First-Order Relationships	p. 13
Stops, Pupils, and Other Basic Principles	p. 27
The Role of the Aperture Stop	p. 28
Entrance and Exit Pupils	p. 28
Vignetting	p. 30
Diffraction, Aberrations, and Image Quality	p. 35
What Image Quality Is All About	p. 36
What Are Geometrical Aberrations and Where Do They Come From?	p. 37
What Is Diffraction?	p. 41
Diffraction-Limited Performance	p. 43
Derivation of System Specifications	p. 45
The Concept of Optical Path Difference	p. 49
Optical Path Difference (OPD) and the Rayleigh Criteris?	p. 50
Peak-to-Valley and RMS Wavefront Error	p. 52
The Wave Aberration Polynomial	p. 55
Depth of Focus	p. 56
Review of Specific Geometrical Aberrations and How to Get Rid of Them	p. 61
Spherical Aberration	p. 63
Coma	p. 72
Astigmatism	p. 76
Field Curvature and the Role of Field Lenses	p. 78
Distortion	p. 85
Axial Color	p. 88
Lateral Color	p. 90
Parametric Analysis of Aberrations Introduced by Plane Parallel Plates	p. 90
Glass Selection (Including Plastics)	p. 95
Material Properties Overview	p. 96
The Glass Map and Partial Dispersion	p. 97
Parametric Examples of Glass Selection	p. 103
How to Select Glass	p. 107
Plastic Optical Materials	p. 110
Spherical and Aspheric Surfaces	p. 115
Definition of an Aspheric Surface	p. 116
Conic Surfaces	p. 118
Application of Aspheric Surfaces in Reflective and Refractive Systems	p. 119
Guidelines in the Use of Aspheric Surfaces	p. 124
Specifications of Aspheric Surfaces	p. 127
Design Forms	p. 129
Introduction	p. 130
System Configurations for Refractive Systems	p. 131
System Configurations for Reflective Systems	p. 139
Reflective Systems, Relative Merits	p. 144
Refractive Systems, Relative Merits	p. 147
Mirrors and Prisms	p. 147
Design of Visual Systems	p. 155
The Optical Design Process	p. 167
What Do We Do When We Optimize a Lens System?	p. 169
How Does the Designer Approach the Optical Design Task?	p. 172
Sample Lens Design Problem	p. 176
Computer Performance Evaluation	p. 181
What Is Meant by Performance Evaluation	p. 182
What Is Resolution?	p. 182
Ray Trace Curves	p. 184
Spot Diagrams	p. 190
Optical Path Difference	p. 191
Encircled Energy	p. 192
MTF	p. 193
Gaussian Beam Imagery	p. 203
Beam Waist and Beam Divergence	p. 205
Collimation of Laser Beams	p. 207
Propagation of Gaussian Beams and Focusing into a Small Spot	p. 208
Truncation of Gaussian Beams	p. 209
Application of Gaussian Beam Optics in Laser Systems	p. 212
F-[theta] Lenses in Laser Scanners	p. 215
Basics of Thermal Infrared Imaging in the 3- to 5- and 8- to 12-[mu]m Spectral Bands (Plus UV Optics)	p. 217
The Basics of Thermal Infrared Imaging	p. 218
The Dewar, Cold Stop, and Cold Shield	p. 221
Cold Stop Efficiency	p. 223
Scanning Methods	p. 226
IR Materials	p. 233
Reduced Aberrations with IR Materials	p. 240
Image Anomalies	p. 244
Athermalization	p. 250
System Design Examples	p. 254
Optical Systems for the UV	p. 259
Diffractive Optics	p. 263
Diffraction Grating, Volume Holographic Elements, Kinoforms, and Binary Surfaces	p. 264
Diffraction Efficiency	p. 272
Achromatic Doublet and the Hybrid Refractive-Diffractive Achromat	p. 275
Applications of Diffractive Optical Components	p. 279
Parametric Examples of Diffractive Optics Designs	p. 281
Summary of Diffractive Optics	p. 287
Design of Illumination Systems	p. 289
Introduction	p. 290
Kohler and Abbe Illumination	p. 291
Optical Invariant and Etendue	p. 292
Other Types of Illumination Systems	p. 296
Performance Evaluation and Optical Testing	p. 301
Testing with the Standard 1951 U.S. Air Force Target	p. 302
The Modulation Transfer Function	p. 306
Interferometry	p. 308
Other Tests	p. 313
Tolerancing and Producibility	p. 315
Introduction	p. 316
What Are Testplates and Why Are They Important?	p. 317
How to Tolerance an Optical System	p. 322
How Image Degradations from Different Tolerances Are Summed	p. 325
Forms of Tolerances	p. 328
Adjusting Parameters	p. 332
Typical Tolerances for Various Cost Models	p. 334
Example of Tolerance Analysis	p. 336
Surface Irregularities	p. 342
How Does Correlation Relate to Performance?	p. 345
Effect to Spot Diameter	p. 346
Effect to MTF: The Optical Quality Factor	p. 347
Beam Diameter and Surface Irregularity	p. 350
The Final Results	p. 352
Optical Manufacturing Considerations	p. 357
Material	p. 358
Manufacturing	p. 364
Special Fabrication Considerations	p. 370
Relative Manufacturing Cost	p. 380
Sourcing Considerations	p. 380
Conclusion	p. 383
Polarization Issues In Optical Design	p. 387
Introduction	p. 388
What Is Polarized Light?	p. 388
Polarization Elements	p. 392
Mathematics of Polarized Light	p. 404
Polarization Aberrations and Polarization Ray Tracing	p. 407
Geometrical Issues and the Maltese Cross	p. 409
Stress Birefringence	p. 412
Polarized Systems and Design Techniques	p. 413
Optical Thin Films	p. 421
Introduction	p. 422
Designing Optical Coatings	p. 423
Various Categories of Optical Coatings	p. 424
Optical Coating Process	p. 430
Coating Performance Versus Number of Layers	p. 435
Specifying Coating Requirements	p. 436
Relationship Between Production Cost, Tolerances, and Quality	p. 437
Hardware Design Issues	p. 439
Off-the-Shelf Optics	p. 440
How to Effectively Work with Off-the-Shelf Optics	p. 442
Working with Off-the-Shelf Singlets and Doublets	p. 443
Example of Lens Used at Conjugates Different from What It Was Designed	p. 444
Pupil Matching	p. 445
Development of a Lab Mockup Using Off-the-Shelf Optics	p. 448
Stray Light Control	p. 448
Optomechanical Design	p. 453
Lens Design Optimization Case Studies	p. 457
Error Function Construction	p. 458
Achromatic Doublet Lens Design	p. 459
Double Gauss Lens Design	p. 465
Digital Camera Lens	p. 486
Binocular Design	p. 494
Parametric Design Study of Simple Lenses Using Advanced Manufacturing Methods	p. 499
Design Data for Double Gauss	p. 502
Bloopers and Blunders in Optics	p. 513
Distortion in a 1:1 Imaging Lens	p. 514
Zoom Periscope	p. 516
Sign of Distortion	p. 516
Lens Elements That Are Not Necessary	p. 518
Pupil Problems	p. 519
Not Enough Light	p. 520
Athermalization Using Teflon	p. 521
Athermalization Specifications	p. 521
Bad Glass Choice	p. 521
Elements in Backwards	p. 522
Insufficient Sampling of Fields of View of Aperture	p. 523
Images Upside Down or Rotated	p. 524
The Hubble Telescope Null Lens Problem	p. 525
Rules of Thumb and Hints	p. 531
Glossary	p. 537
Bibliography	p. 547
Index	p. 551
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