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| Preface | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Tools | |
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| Introduction, Assumptions, and Conventions | |
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| The Cardinal (Gauss) Points and Focal Lengths | |
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| The Image and Magnification Equations | |
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| Simple Ray Sketching | |
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| Paraxial Raytracing (Surface by Surface) | |
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| The Thin Lens Concept | |
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| Thin Lens Raytracing | |
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| The Invariant | |
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| Paraxial Ray Characteristics | |
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| Combinations of Two Components | |
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| The Scheimpflug Condition | |
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| Reflectors, Prisms, Mirrors, etc. | |
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| Collected Equations | |
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| The Basic Optical Systems | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Stops and Pupils | |
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| Afocal Systems: General | |
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| Telescopes and Beam Expanders | |
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| Afocal Attachments: Power and Field Changers | |
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| Bravais System | |
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| Field Lenses; Relay Lenses; Periscopes | |
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| Magnifiers and Microscopes | |
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| Telephoto and Retrofocus Arrangements | |
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| Collimators | |
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| Anamorphic Systems | |
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| Zoom and Varifocal Systems | |
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| Mirror Systems | |
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| Collected Equations | |
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| Condensers, Illuminators, Photometry, Etc. | |
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| Interchangeability of Sources and Detectors | |
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| Koehler Illumination System | |
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| Critical Illumination | |
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| Illumination Smoothing Devices | |
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| Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and Digital Micromirror Device (DMD Projectors | |
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| Photometry, Radiometry, Illumination, Etc. | |
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| System Limits: Performance and Configuration | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Diffraction Limit | |
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| Image Sensor Limits | |
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| Diffraction Limit vs. Sensor Limit | |
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| The Optical Invariant | |
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| Source and Detector Size Limits | |
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| Depth of Focus | |
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| How to Lay Out a System | |
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| The Process | |
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| The Algebraic Approach | |
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| The Numerical Solution Method | |
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| First-Order Layout by Computer Code | |
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| A Quick Rough Sketch | |
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| Chromatic Aberration and Achromatism | |
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| Athermalization | |
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| Sample System Layout | |
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| Getting the Most Out of "Stock" Lenses | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Stock Lenses | |
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| Some Simple Measurements | |
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| System Mock-up and Test | |
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| Aberrations | |
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| Capabilities of Various Lens Types | |
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| Unusual Lens Types | |
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| How to Use a Singlet (Single Element) | |
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| How to Use a Cemented Doublet | |
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| Combinations of Stock Lenses | |
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| Sources | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |