Preface | p. xv |
What's in This Book | p. xvii |
Acknowledgments | p. xxi |
Bandwidth Basics | p. 1 |
TCP/IP Networks and Bandwidth | p. 3 |
A Client/Server Model | p. 4 |
TCP/IP in More Detail | p. 4 |
Signals | p. 5 |
TCP/IP Component Areas | p. 9 |
The OSI Model and TCP/IP | p. 14 |
Transmission Media and Their Effects on Bandwidth | p. 25 |
10 Base 2 and 10 Base T | p. 26 |
10 Base 2 | p. 29 |
Unshielded Twisted Pair Cable | p. 34 |
UTP Cable Attenuation Characteristics | p. 36 |
Topologies and Bandwidth | p. 39 |
Network Topologies | p. 40 |
Bus or Backbone | p. 40 |
Mesh | p. 41 |
Ring | p. 41 |
Star | p. 42 |
Star-Wired Ring | p. 43 |
Tree | p. 43 |
Topologies and Their Effects on Bandwidth | p. 43 |
Bus Topologies and Bandwidth | p. 44 |
Ring Topologies and Bandwidth | p. 45 |
Star-Wired Ring Topologies and Bandwidth | p. 45 |
WANs | p. 46 |
WAN as Bottleneck | p. 46 |
Routers, WANs, and Bandwidth | p. 47 |
Connectivity Methods and Demands on Bandwidth | p. 55 |
Dial-up | p. 56 |
Leased Lines | p. 56 |
ISDN | p. 58 |
ISDN Pros and Cons | p. 59 |
Comparing Connectivity Methods | p. 61 |
Connectivity Hardware and Demands on Bandwidth | p. 63 |
Serial (RS-232) Communications | p. 64 |
UAR/T as Receiver | p. 65 |
Timing Errors | p. 66 |
Timing Requirements | p. 66 |
UAR/T Clock Performance | p. 66 |
NICs and Packet Drivers | p. 68 |
Identifying Network Types | p. 69 |
Driver Operations | p. 69 |
Packet Driver Function Calls | p. 69 |
Bridges | p. 71 |
Routers | p. 73 |
Hubs | p. 74 |
Protocols and Demands on Bandwidth | p. 77 |
ARP, RARP, and TCP/IP Packets | p. 78 |
NT and ARP | p. 79 |
UNIX and ARP | p. 80 |
TCP/IP Routing and the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) | p. 80 |
Dynamic Routing and Routing Protocols | p. 82 |
Traceroute--Tracing the Path of a TCP/IP Packet | p. 82 |
The Sub-Network Access Protocol | p. 84 |
Multimedia and TCP | p. 86 |
UNIX and Demands on Bandwidth | p. 89 |
UNIX | p. 90 |
The BSD UNIX Network Subsystem | p. 90 |
UNIX Bandwidth Problems | p. 92 |
BSD UNIX and High Loads | p. 92 |
LRP | p. 94 |
Experiments with LRP | p. 98 |
Related Work | p. 105 |
Windows NT, Windows 95, and Demands on Bandwidth | p. 107 |
Windows NT Server 4.0 | p. 108 |
NT's Protocols | p. 108 |
Windows NT Transport Driver Architecture | p. 108 |
More Detail on NT's Transport Driver Implementation | p. 109 |
Comparing NT Transport Drivers | p. 110 |
Remote Access Server | p. 119 |
A Client Sends a Message | p. 120 |
A LAN Sends a Burst of Multicast Traffic | p. 120 |
A LAN Sends a Single Datagram to a Single Client | p. 121 |
Windows 95 | p. 121 |
Windows 95 and PPTP | p. 122 |
Limitations to TCP/IP-PPTP Routing | p. 122 |
Apache, Internet Information Server, and Demands on Bandwidth | p. 125 |
Apache | p. 126 |
Hardware and Operating System Issues | p. 129 |
Run-Time Configuration Issues | p. 130 |
Compile-Time Configuration Issues | p. 134 |
The Pre-Forking Model | p. 136 |
Internet Information Server 4.0 | p. 137 |
Active Directory Service Interface (ASDI) | p. 138 |
Internet Authentication Server (IAS) | p. 138 |
Internet Mail Server and Internet News Server | p. 139 |
Client Applications and Demands on Bandwidth: A Paradigm | p. 143 |
Distributed Memory | p. 144 |
Read Access | p. 144 |
Write Operations | p. 145 |
The Effects of Network Architectures | p. 146 |
The Experimental Design | p. 146 |
The Experimental Design | p. 148 |
EXODUS and RVM | p. 148 |
Recovery | p. 148 |
Memory Service | p. 149 |
Experimental Environment | p. 149 |
I/O Block Size | p. 150 |
Log Size | p. 150 |
Random Accesses | p. 151 |
Distributed Memory and Network Load | p. 151 |
Implications | p. 152 |
Optimizing Bandwidth Usage | p. 155 |
Speeding Up Networking Hardware | p. 157 |
The PCI Bus | p. 158 |
Fast Ethernet | p. 159 |
100 Base T Fast Ethernet's General Characteristics | p. 159 |
100 Base T's Origins and Ongoing Development | p. 160 |
100 Base T Fast Ethernet in More Depth | p. 161 |
100 Base T Topologies | p. 162 |
100 Base T's Cabling Schemes | p. 162 |
ATM | p. 162 |
FDDI/TP-PMD | p. 164 |
100VG-AnyLAN | p. 164 |
Switched Ethernet | p. 164 |
Cisco's Fast EtherChannel | p. 165 |
Fast EtherChannel Components | p. 166 |
Fast EtherChannel Scenarios | p. 167 |
Tweaking an Operating System to Maximize Bandwidth | p. 169 |
Network Load | p. 170 |
Windows NT | p. 170 |
Optimizing Network Performance by Optimizing Routing | p. 170 |
IGRP or RIP? | p. 172 |
Optimizing Network Performance by Fine-Tuning NT | p. 173 |
Tweaking Network Applications to Maximize Bandwidth | p. 189 |
Human Factors and Network Performance | p. 190 |
HTTP/1.1, CSS1, PNG, and Network Performance | p. 192 |
The Nature of Web Pages | p. 192 |
HTTP/1.1 and HTTP/1.0 | p. 193 |
HTTP/1.1 Design Goals | p. 194 |
Tests of the Design of HTTP/1.1 | p. 196 |
Web Content Representation | p. 200 |
Integrating Environments | p. 203 |
Integrating Mail and Messaging | p. 204 |
The Makeup of a Mail System | p. 204 |
Integrating UNIX and Windows NT Mail Systems | p. 209 |
Implementation Suggestions | p. 213 |
Network Monitoring Tools | p. 217 |
The Tools | p. 218 |
Application Development Toolkit | p. 218 |
arpwatch | p. 218 |
AUTONET/Performance | p. 219 |
Chameleon 20 and 22 | p. 220 |
Chariot | p. 221 |
CMU SNMP Distribution | p. 223 |
DCE/Sleuth | p. 226 |
DiG | p. 228 |
EMANATE: Enhanced MANagement Agent Through Extensions | p. 228 |
Generic Managed System | p. 229 |
Internet Rover | p. 230 |
LanProbe | p. 231 |
LANWatch | p. 232 |
libcap | p. 233 |
MONET | p. 234 |
Net.Medic Pro | p. 235 |
NetMetrix Load Monitor | p. 239 |
NetMetrix NFS Monitor | p. 239 |
NetMetrix Protocol Analyzer | p. 240 |
NetMetrix Traffic Generator | p. 241 |
NETMON for Windows | p. 242 |
Netperf | p. 244 |
NETScout | p. 247 |
nfswatch | p. 248 |
NOCOL | p. 249 |
NPRV | p. 252 |
nslookup | p. 254 |
ping | p. 254 |
proxyd | p. 255 |
query | p. 256 |
Sniffer | p. 257 |
SNMP Development Kit | p. 260 |
Simulator | p. 262 |
SpiderAnalyzer | p. 265 |
SPIMS (Swedish Institute of Computer Science, or SICS, Protocol Implementation Measurement System) | p. 266 |
spray | p. 268 |
tcpdump | p. 268 |
TCPWare for VMS/SNMP Agent | p. 269 |
TokenVIEW | p. 270 |
traceroute | p. 272 |
TRPT (Transliterate Protocol Trace) | p. 274 |
TTCP | p. 274 |
Visual Ping | p. 276 |
WebSTONE | p. 277 |
Workarounds | p. 281 |
Chapter 1 | p. 282 |
Chapter 2 | p. 286 |
Chapter 3 | p. 287 |
Chapter 4 | p. 289 |
Chapter 5 | p. 289 |
Chapter 6 | p. 291 |
Chapter 7 | p. 298 |
Chapter 8 | p. 300 |
Chapter 9 | p. 304 |
Protocol Quick Reference | p. 307 |
TCP | p. 307 |
IP | p. 307 |
IP Addresses | p. 308 |
Subnets | p. 308 |
Dynamic Addressing | p. 308 |
Routing in IP Environments | p. 310 |
Access Restrictions | p. 313 |
Tunneling | p. 314 |
IP Multicast | p. 314 |
Network Monitoring and Debugging | p. 315 |
Web Server Quick Reference | p. 317 |
Apache | p. 317 |
Internet Information Server | p. 345 |
Bandwidth-Friendly Alternative Software | p. 347 |
FreeBSD | p. 347 |
Routing Under FreeBSD | p. 349 |
Default Routes | p. 350 |
Dual Hosts | p. 351 |
Opera | p. 351 |
Installation and Requirements | p. 353 |
Winsock | p. 355 |
Electronic Mail | p. 356 |
Using Opera | p. 358 |
Opera System Administration | p. 358 |
The Future of Opera | p. 363 |
Bandwidth Tuning from the Ground Up | p. 365 |
Designing for Bandwidth Efficiency | p. 365 |
The Physical and Network Access Layers | p. 366 |
Addressing and Subnetting | p. 366 |
Switching | p. 367 |
Monitoring | p. 367 |
Workgroup Servers | p. 367 |
Routers | p. 368 |
Scaling Bandwidth Used by Traffic to and from the Core Layer | p. 368 |
Enterprise Servers | p. 369 |
Connecting to the Outside World | p. 369 |
Fine-Tuning Performance | p. 369 |
Limitations Imposed by Hardware | p. 370 |
Fine-Tuning Processors | p. 370 |
Optimizing the Server OS | p. 371 |
CPUs | p. 372 |
Memory | p. 372 |
Memory and Swap Space | p. 373 |
Physical Memory and Performance | p. 376 |
Disk | p. 378 |
Checklists | p. 378 |
Troubleshooting TCP/IP | p. 383 |
Glossary | p. 385 |
Bibliography | p. 403 |
Index | p. 411 |
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |