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| Preface | |
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| The Challenge of Renovation | |
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| Terminology | |
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| When to Renovate | |
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| Beginning a Renovation Project | |
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| Typical Structural Challenges | |
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| Role of Building Codes in Renovation | |
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| Renovation Provisions of Model Building Codes | |
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| Renovate or Rebuild? | |
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| References | |
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| Investigating Existing Conditions | |
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| Why Investigate? | |
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| Assessing Building Condition | |
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| Material Properties in Steel Systems | |
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| Concrete Framing | |
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| Load Testing of Concrete Structures | |
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| Post-Tensioned Concrete Framing | |
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| Wood Framing | |
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| Masonry | |
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| Building Envelope | |
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| References | |
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| Renovating Steel-Framed Buildings | |
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| Steel: The Venerable Material | |
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| Past Design Methods and Allowable Stresses for Iron and Steel Beams | |
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| Early Iron and Steel Columns | |
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| Properties of Early Fasteners | |
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| Open-Web Joists | |
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| Strengthening Floors | |
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| Reinforcing Steel Members by Welding | |
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| Reinforcing Beams by Composite Action with Concrete | |
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| Strengthening Beam Connections | |
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| Composite Steel-Concrete Columns | |
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| Openings in Existing Steel Beams | |
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| Steel Corrosion: Evaluation and Protection | |
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| Thermal Prestressing of Steel Structures | |
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| References | |
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| Strengthening Concrete Buildings | |
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| Historical Perspective | |
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| Design Methods of the Past | |
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| Properties of Old Concrete and Reinforcing Steel | |
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| Some Early Proprietary Systems | |
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| Strengthening Concrete Beams | |
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| Strengthening Structural Slabs | |
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| Strengthening Concrete Columns | |
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| Openings in Existing Slabs | |
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| References | |
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| Repairing Deteriorated Concrete | |
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| Overview | |
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| Repairing Cracks | |
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| Corrosion of Reinforcement and Its Effects on Concrete | |
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| Patching Spalls and Deteriorated Areas | |
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| Cathodic Protection and Electrochemical Chloride Extraction | |
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| Corrosion Inhibitors | |
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| Other Types of Damage to Concrete | |
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| Materials for Concrete Repair | |
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| Durability of Repairs | |
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| Systematic Maintenance Programs | |
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| References | |
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| Renovating Slabs on Grade | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Field Investigation | |
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| Cracking | |
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| Surface Deterioration | |
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| Slab Settlement, Heaving, and Curling | |
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| Joint Failures | |
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| Water Penetration or Emission | |
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| Chemical Attack | |
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| Slab Replacement | |
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| Slab Overlays | |
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| Improving Abrasion Resistance | |
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| Repair of Deteriorated Overlays, Toppings, and Hardeners | |
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| References | |
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| Renovating Post-Tensioned Concrete | |
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| System Overview | |
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| Evolution of Post-Tensioned Structures | |
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| Typical Reasons for Repair of Post-Tensioned Buildings | |
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| Planning for Repairs | |
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| Nondestructive Testing | |
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| Destructive Testing | |
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| Repair Methods | |
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| A Step-by-Step Example: Replacing Post-Tensioned Stressing-End Anchorage | |
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| References | |
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| Renovating Wood Structures | |
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| Historical Background | |
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| Wood Deterioration | |
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| Detecting Deterioration | |
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| Preventing Deterioration | |
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| Shrinkage and Defects | |
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| Repairing Wood Members | |
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| Strengthening Wood Members | |
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| Renovating Wood Trusses | |
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| Case Study 1: Repairing Termite Damage in Trusses | |
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| Case Study 2: Restoring Fire Damage to the Exeter Street Theater | |
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| References | |
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| Renovating Masonry | |
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| Masonry as a Construction Material | |
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| Evolution of Masonry Design Methods | |
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| Evaluation of Masonry Structures | |
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| Masonry Repair | |
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| Strengthening Masonry Structural Elements | |
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| Repairing Masonry Arches | |
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| Other Masonry Renovation Tasks | |
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| References | |
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| Renovating Metal Building Systems | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Evolution of Metal Building Systems | |
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| Primary Frames | |
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| Expansion of Metal Building Systems | |
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| Lateral Stability | |
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| Secondary Framing | |
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| Wall Materials | |
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| Metal Roofing | |
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| Insulation and Vapor Retarders | |
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| Renovation Checklist | |
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| Case Study | |
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| References | |
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| Strengthening Lateral-Load-Resisting Systems | |
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| Lateral-Load Basics | |
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| Past Methods of Resisting Lateral Loads | |
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| History of Wind and Seismic Codes | |
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| Code Provisions for Seismic Upgrading | |
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| Typical Elements of Lateral-Load Upgrading | |
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| Reinforcing Diaphragms | |
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| Reinforcing Wood, Steel, and Masonry Buildings | |
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| Reinforcing Concrete Buildings | |
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| Energy-Dissipating Devices | |
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| Seismic Isolation | |
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| Reinforcing Nonstructural Elements | |
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| References | |
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| Case Studies in Seismic Upgrading | |
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| Case 1: Seismic Upgrading of a Former Industrial Building | |
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| Case 2: Proposed Renovation of an Unreinforced-Masonry Building | |
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| Case 3: Seismic Upgrade of Terminal 1, Oakland International Airport | |
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| Case 4: Seismic Retrofit of the Administration Building, San Francisco State University | |
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| Renovating Building Facades | |
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| General Issues | |
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| Curtain-Wall Problems Caused by Structural Forces and Movements | |
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| Water Leakage | |
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| Rehabilitating Solid Masonry Walls | |
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| Brick-Veneer Walls with CMU Backup | |
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| Brick-Veneer Walls with Steel Studs | |
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| Repairing Brick-Veneer Walls | |
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| Repairing Stone and Stone-Panel Walls | |
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| Rehabilitating Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems | |
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| Rehabilitating Other Wall Types | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |