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| Preface | |
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| Introduction to Speech Communication | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Objectives | |
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| The Communication Process | |
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| Noise | |
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| Environmental Noise | |
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| Listener-Generated Noise | |
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| Speaker-Generated Noise | |
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| How to Use This Book | |
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| Chapters | |
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| Appendixes | |
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| Feedback | |
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| Glossary | |
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| The Speech Process | |
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| Objectives | |
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| Overview | |
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| The Nature of Sound | |
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| What Sound Is | |
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| Characteristics of Sound | |
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| Frequency and Pitch | |
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| Intensity and Loudness | |
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| Spectrum and Quality | |
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| The Speech Process | |
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| Audition | |
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| Innervation | |
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| Breathing | |
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| The Mechanism | |
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| Breathing for Speech | |
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| Phonation | |
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| Sound Production | |
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| Pitch | |
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| Responance | |
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| Resonance in the Vocal Tract | |
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| Articulation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Suggested Readings | |
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| Glossary | |
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| The Sounds of American English | |
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| Objectives | |
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| Speech Comes First | |
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| Sounds, Not Letters | |
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| Speech and Writing Confusion | |
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| The Problem with Letters | |
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| English Spelling and English Speech | |
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| IPA | |
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| IPA Transcription | |
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| The Phoneme | |
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| The Allophone | |
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| Phonetics and Phonemics | |
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| Dialects and Standard Speech | |
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| Dialects | |
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| Regional Dialects | |
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| Standard Speech | |
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| Nonstandard Speech | |
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| Foreign Accents | |
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| Classification of Sounds | |
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| Consonants | |
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| Classification of Consonants | |
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| Voicing | |
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| Place of Articulation | |
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| Method of Articulation | |
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| Vowels | |
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| Classification of Vowels | |
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| Height of the Tongue | |
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| Place of Production | |
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| Muscle Tension | |
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| Diphthongs | |
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| Phonetic Transcription | |
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| Regional Dialects | |
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| Southern Regional Dialect | |
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| New England Regional Dialect | |
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| New York Regional Dialect | |
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| Eastern Regional Dialect | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Diction | |
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| Improving Voice and Diction: The Basics | |
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| Objectives | |
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| How to Do It | |
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| Ear Training | |
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| Recognition | |
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| Discrimination | |
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| Warm-ups | |
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| Sensitizing Exercise | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Diction: The Consonants | |
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| Objectives | |
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| Plosives | |
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| [p] as in pat [b] as in boat | |
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| [t] as in top [d] as in dog | |
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| [k] as in key [g] as in go | |
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| Fricatives | |
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| [f] as in four [v] as in very | |
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| [[theta]] as in thin [[characters not reproducible]] as in the | |
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| [s] as in snake [z] as in zoo | |
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| [[characters not reproducible]] as in she [[characters not reproducible]] as in beige | |
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| [h] as in hot | |
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| Glides | |
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| [[characters not reproducible]] as in where [w] as in wet | |
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| [r] as in red | |
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| [j] as in yes | |
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| Lateral | |
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| [l] as in left | |
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| Nasals | |
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| [m] as in man | |
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| [n] as in no | |
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| [[eta]] as in sing | |
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| Affricates | |
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| [t[characters not reproducible]] as in chair [d[characters not reproducible]] as in judge | |
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| Diction: The Vowels and Diphthongs | |
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| Objectives | |
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| Front Vowels | |
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| [i] as in see | |
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| [I] as in sit | |
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| [e] as in ate | |
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| [[epsiv]] as in bet | |
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| [ae] as in pat | |
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| Back Vowels | |
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| [u] as in too | |
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| [U] as in book | |
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| [o] as in rope | |
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| [[characters not reproducible]] as in awful | |
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| [a] as in calm | |
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| Mid Vowels | |
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| [[characters not reproducible]] as in up | |
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| [[characters not reproducible]] as in banana | |
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| [[characters not reproducible]] as in early | |
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| [[characters not reproducible]] as in father | |
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| Diphthongs | |
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| [aI] as in ice | |
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| [aU] as in how | |
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| [[characters not reproducible]I] as in coin | |
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| [eI] as in raid | |
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| [oU] as in robe | |
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| Minor Diphthongs | |
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| [I[characters not reproducible]] as in gear | |
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| [[characters not reproducible]] asin pair | |
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| [[characters not reproducible]] as in car | |
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| [U[characters not reproducible]] as in poor | |
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| [[characters not reproducible]] as in pore | |
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| Voice | |
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| Voice Production | |
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| Objectives | |
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| Guide to Voice Production Exercises | |
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| Breathing | |
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| Breathing for Speech | |
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| Breath Control | |
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| Abdominal Breathing | |
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| Breath-Control Duration | |
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| Breath-Control Breathiness | |
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| Loudness | |
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| Controlling Loudness | |
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| Loudness-Force | |
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| Loudness-Projection | |
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| Loudness-Control | |
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| Loudness-Practice | |
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| Pitch | |
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| Determining Optimum Pitch | |
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| Determining Habitual Pitch | |
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| Changing Habitual Pitch | |
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| Changing Habitual Pitch | |
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| Extending Your Pitch Range | |
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| Relaxation | |
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| Progressive Relaxation | |
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| Fantasy | |
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| Head Rolling | |
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| Sighing | |
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| Yawning | |
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| Singing | |
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| Quality | |
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| Resonance | |
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| Nasality and Resonance | |
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| Types of Nasality | |
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| Nasality-Ear Training | |
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| Nasality-Pulling | |
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| Denasality-Pushing | |
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| Denasality | |
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| Tense, Strident, Metallic, and Hoarse Qualities | |
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| Excess Tension | |
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| Vocal or Glottal Fry | |
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| Vocal Fry | |
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| Throaty Quality | |
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| Hard Glottal Attack | |
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| Hard Glottal Attack | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Vocal Expressiveness | |
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| Objectives | |
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| Reading Aloud | |
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| Why Read Aloud? | |
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| Components of Vocal Expression | |
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| Rate | |
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| Determining Your Own Rate | |
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| Appropriate Rate | |
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| Timed Readings for Rate | |
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| Duration | |
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| Duration Practice | |
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| Contrast Drill for Duration | |
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| Contrast Drill for Duration | |
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| Contrast Drill for Duration | |
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| Pausing | |
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| Pausing Exercises | |
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| Stress | |
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| Word Stress | |
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| Word Stress Drill | |
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| Syllable Stress | |
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| Compound Word Stress Drill | |
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| Polysyllabic Stress Drill | |
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| Practice Readings for Stress | |
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| Intonation | |
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| Key | |
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| Middle Key Readings | |
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| Low Key Readings | |
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| High Key Readings | |
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| Inflection | |
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| Drills for Inflection | |
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| Drill for Rising Inflection | |
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| Drill for Falling Inflection | |
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| Drill for Circumflex Inflection | |
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| Practice Sentences | |
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| Steps | |
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| Drill for Steps | |
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| Readings for Intonation | |
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| Integration | |
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| General | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Dealing with Nervousness | |
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| Special Speech Problems | |
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| Nonverbal Communication | |
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| Guide to Foreign Accents | |
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| Pronunciation List | |
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| Diagnostic Materials and Speech Checklists | |
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| Permission Acknowledgments | |
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| Index | |