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| Members of the President's Council on Bioethics | |
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| Foreword | |
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| Preface | |
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| Biotechnology and the Pursuit of Happiness | |
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| The Golden Age: Enthusiasm and Concern | |
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| The Case for Public Attention | |
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| Defining the Topic | |
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| Ends and Means | |
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| The Limitations of the "Therapy vs. Enhancement" Distinction | |
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| Beyond Natural Limits: Dreams of Perfection and Happiness | |
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| Structure of the Inquiry: The Primacy of Human Aspirations | |
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| Method and Spirit | |
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| Endnotes | |
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| Better Children | |
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| Improving Native Powers: Genetic Knowledge and Technology | |
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| An Overview | |
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| Technical Possibilities | |
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| Prenatal Diagnosis and Screening Out | |
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| Genetic Engineering of Desired Traits ("Fixing Up") | |
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| Selecting Embryos for Desired Traits ("Choosing In") | |
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| Ethical Analysis | |
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| Benefits | |
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| Questions of Safety | |
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| Questions of Equality | |
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| Consequences for Families and Society | |
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| Choosing Sex of Children | |
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| Ends and Means | |
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| Preliminary Ethical Analysis | |
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| The Limits of Liberty | |
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| The Meaning of Sexuality and Procreation | |
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| Improving Children's Behavior: Psychotropic Drugs | |
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| Behavior Modification in Children Using Stimulants | |
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| What Are Stimulant Drugs? | |
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| Behaviors Inviting Improvement Through Stimulant Drugs | |
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| The "Universal Enhancer" | |
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| Ethical and Social Concerns | |
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| Safety First | |
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| Rearing Children: The Human Context | |
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| Social Control and Conformity | |
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| Moral Education and Medicalization | |
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| The Meaning of Performance | |
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| Conclusion: The Meaning of Childhood | |
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| Diagnostic Criteria for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder | |
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| Endnotes | |
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| Superior Performance | |
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| The Meaning of "Superior Performance" | |
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| Sport and the Superior Athlete | |
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| Why Sport? | |
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| The Superior Athlete | |
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| Different Ways of Enhancing Performance | |
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| Better Equipment | |
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| Better Training | |
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| Better Native Powers | |
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| Muscle Enhancement Through Biotechnology | |
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| Muscles and Their Meanings | |
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| Muscle Cell Growth and Development | |
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| Opportunities and Techniques for Muscle Enhancement | |
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| Ethical Analysis | |
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| How Is Biotechnical Enhancement Different? | |
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| Fairness and Equality | |
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| Coercion and Social Pressure | |
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| Adverse Side Effects: Health, Balance, and the Whole of Life | |
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| The Dignity of Human Activity | |
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| The Meaning of Competition | |
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| The Relationship Between Doer and Deed | |
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| Acts of Humans, Human Acts: Harmony of Mind and Body | |
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| Superior Performance and the Good Society | |
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| Endnotes | |
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| Ageless Bodies | |
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| The Meaning of "Ageless Bodies" | |
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| Basic Terms and Concepts | |
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| Scientific Background | |
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| Targeting Specific Deficiencies of Old Age | |
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| Muscle Enhancement | |
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| Memory Enhancement | |
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| General (Body-Wide) Age-Retardation | |
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| Caloric Restriction | |
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| Genetic Manipulations | |
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| Prevention of Oxidative Damage | |
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| Methods of Treating the Ailments of the Aged That Might Affect Age-Retardation | |
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| Hormone treatments | |
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| Telomere research | |
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| Ethical Issues | |
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| Effects on the Individual | |
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| Greater Freedom from Constraints of Time | |
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| Commitment and Engagement | |
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| Aspiration and Urgency | |
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| Renewal and Children | |
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| Attitudes Toward Death and Mortality | |
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| The Meaning of the Life Cycle | |
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| Effects on Society | |
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| Generations and Families | |
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| Innovation, Change, and Renewal | |
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| The Aging of Society | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Endnotes | |
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| Happy Souls | |
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| What Are "Happy Souls"? | |
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| Memory and Happiness | |
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| Good Memories and Bad | |
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| Biotechnology and Memory Alteration | |
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| Memory-Blunting: Ethical Analysis | |
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| Remembering Fitly and Truly | |
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| The Obligation to Remember | |
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| Memory and Moral Responsibility | |
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| The Soul of Memory, The Remembering Soul | |
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| Mood and Happiness | |
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| Mood-Improvement Through Drugs | |
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| Mood-Brightening Agents: An Overview | |
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| Biological and Experiential Effects of SSRIs | |
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| Ethical Analysis | |
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| Living Truly | |
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| Fitting Sensibilities and Human Attachments | |
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| What Sorrow Teaches, What Discontent Provokes | |
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| Medicalization of Self-Understanding | |
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| The Roots of Human Flourishing | |
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| The Happy Self and the Good Society | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Endnotes | |
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| "Beyond Therapy": General Reflections | |
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| The Big Picture | |
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| Familiar Sources of Concern | |
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| Health: Issues of Safety and Bodily Harm | |
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| Unfairness | |
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| Equality of Access | |
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| Liberty: Issues of Freedom and Coercion, Overt and Subtle | |
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| Essential Sources of Concern | |
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| Hubris or Humility: Respect for "the Given" | |
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| "Unnatural" Means: The Dignity of Human Activity | |
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| Identity and Individuality | |
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| Partial Ends, Full Flourishing | |
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| Biotechnology and American Society | |
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| Commerce, Regulation, and the Manufacture of Desire | |
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| Medicine, Medicalization, and a Stance "Beyond Therapy" | |
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| Biotechnology and American Ideals | |
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| Endnotes | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Council Staff and Consultants | |