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Structure and Bonding Atomic structure of carbon | |
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Covalent bonding and hybridization. sp Hybridization. sp Hybridization. sp Hybridization | |
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Bonds and hybridized centers | |
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Alkanes and CycloalkanesDefinition | |
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Drawing structures | |
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Nomenclature | |
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Functional GroupsRecognition of functional groups | |
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Aliphatic and aromatic functional groups | |
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Intermolecular bonding | |
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Properties and reactions | |
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Nomenclature of compounds with functional groups | |
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Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary nomenclature | |
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StereochemistryConstitutional isomers | |
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Configurational isomers - alkenes and cycloalkanes | |
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Configurational isomers - optical isomers | |
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Conformational isomers | |
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Nucleophiles and ElectrophilesDefinition | |
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Charged species | |
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Neutral inorganic species | |
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Organic structures | |
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Reactions and Mechanisms | |
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Reactions Mechanisms | |
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Acid-base Reactions | |
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Bronsted-Lowry acids and bases | |
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Acid strength | |
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Base strength | |
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Lewis acids and bases | |
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Enolates | |
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Alkenes and Alkynes Preparation | |
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Properties | |
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Electrophilic addition to symmetrical alkenes | |
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Electrophilic addition to unsymmetrical alkenes | |
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Carbocation stabilization | |
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Reduction and oxidation of alkenes | |
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Hydroboration of alkenes | |
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Electrophilic additions to alkynes | |
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Reduction of alkynes | |
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Alkylation of terminal alkynes | |
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Conjugated dienes | |
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Aromatic Chemistry | |
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Aromaticity | |
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Preparation and properties | |
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Electrophilic substitutions of benzene | |
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Synthesis of mono-substituted benzenes | |
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Electrophilic substitutions of mono-substituted aromatic rings | |
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Synthesis of di- and tri-substituted benzenes | |
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Oxidation and reduction | |
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Aldehydes and Ketones | |
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Preparation | |
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Properties | |
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Nucleophilic addition | |
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Nucleophilic addition - charged nucleophiles | |
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Electronic and steric effects | |
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Nucleophilic addition - nitrogen nucleophiles | |
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Nucleophilic addition - oxygen and sulfur nucleophiles | |
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Reactions of enolate ions. a-Halogenation | |
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Reduction and oxidation | |
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Alpha, <$$$>-Unsaturated aldehydes and ketones | |
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Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives | |
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Structure and properties | |
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Nucleophilic substitution | |
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Reactivity | |
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Preparations of carboxylic acids | |
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Preparations of carboxylic acid derivatives | |
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Reactions | |
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Enolate reactions | |
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Alkyl Halides | |
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Preparation and physical properties | |
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Nucleophilic substitution | |
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Factors affecting SN2 vs. SN1 reactions. Elimination | |
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Elimination versus substitution | |
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Reactions of alkyl halides | |
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Organometallic reactions | |
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Spectroscopic analysis | |
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Alcohols, Phenols, and Thiols | |
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Preparation of alcohols | |
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Preparation of phenols | |
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Properties of alcohols and phenols | |
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Reactions of alcohols | |
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Reactions of phenols | |
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Chemistry of thiols | |
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Ethers, Epoxides and Thioethers | |
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Preparation | |
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Properties | |
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Reactions | |
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Amines and Nitriles | |
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Preparation of amines | |
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Properties of amines | |
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Reactions of amines | |
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Chemistry of nitriles | |
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Spectroscopic analysis | |
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Organic Spectroscopy and Analysis | |
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Spectroscopy | |
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Visible and ultra violet spectroscopy | |
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Infra-red spectroscopy | |
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Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy | |
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C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy | |
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Mass spectroscopy | |