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| Contributors | |
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| Evidence based medicine | |
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| Booking the case | |
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| Abbreviations | |
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| Neuroanesthesia | |
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| General information | |
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| Drugs used in neuroanesthesia | |
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| Anesthetic requirements for intraoperative evoked potential monitoring | |
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| Malignant hyperthermia | |
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| References | |
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| Neurocritical care | |
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| Fluids and Electrolytes | |
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| Blood pressure management | |
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| Sedatives & paralytics | |
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| Neurogenic pulmonary edema | |
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| References | |
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| General care | |
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| Endocrinology | |
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| Hematology | |
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| Pharmacology | |
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| References | |
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| Neurology | |
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| Dementia | |
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| Headache | |
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| Parkinsonism | |
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| Multiple sclerosis | |
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| Motor neuron diseases | |
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| Guillain-Barr� syndrome | |
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| Myelitis | |
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| Neurosarcoidosis | |
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| Vascular dysautoregulatory encephalopathy | |
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| Vasculitis and vasculopathy | |
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| References | |
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| Neuroanatomy and physiology | |
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| Surface anatomy | |
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| Cranial foramina & their contents | |
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| Cerebellopontine angle anatomy | |
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| Occiptoatlantoaxial-complex anatomy | |
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| Spinal cord anatomy | |
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| Cerebrovascular anatomy | |
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| Internal capsule | |
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| Miscellaneous | |
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| Neurophysiology | |
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| References | |
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| Neuroradiology | |
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| Contrast agents in neuroradiology | |
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| Radiation safety for neurosurgeons | |
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| CAT scan or CT scan | |
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| Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | |
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| Angiography (cerebral) | |
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| Plain films | |
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| Myelography | |
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| Radionuclide scanning | |
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| References | |
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| Operations and procedures | |
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| Intraoperative dyes | |
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| Operating room equipment | |
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| Surgical hemostasis | |
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| Craniotomies | |
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| Cranioplasty | |
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| Localizing levels in spine surgery | |
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| Anterior approaches to the spine | |
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| Surgical fusion of the cervical spine | |
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| Surgical fusion of the thoracic spine | |
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| Surgical fusion of the lumbar and lumbosacral spine | |
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| Bone graft | |
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| Percutaneous access to the CSF | |
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| CSF diversionary procedures | |
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| Sural nerve biopsy | |
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| Nerve blocks | |
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| References | |
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| Developmental anomalies | |
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| Arachnoid cysts | |
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| Intracranial lipomas | |
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| Hypothalamic hamartomas | |
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| Neurenteric cysts | |
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| Craniofacial development | |
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| Chiari malformation | |
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| Dandy Walker malformation | |
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| Aqueductal stenosis | |
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| Neural tube defects | |
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| Absence of the septum pellucidum | |
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| Klippel-Feil syndrome | |
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| Tethered cord syndrome | |
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| Split cord malformation | |
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| Lumbosacral nerve root anomalies | |
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| References | |
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| Neuroendovascular intervention | |
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| Neuroendovascular procedure basics | |
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| References | |
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| Electrodiagnostics | |
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| Electroencephalogram (EEG) | |
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| Evoked potentials | |
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| NCS/EMG | |
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| References | |
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| Neurotoxicology | |
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| Ethanol | |
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| Opioids | |
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| Cocaine | |
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| Amphetamines | |
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| Carbon monoxide | |
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| References | |
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| Coma | |
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| General information | |
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| Approach to the comatose patient | |
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| Herniation syndromes | |
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| Hypoxic coma | |
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| References | |
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| Brain death | |
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| Brain death in adults | |
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| Brain death in children | |
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| Organ and tissue donation | |
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| References | |
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| Cerebrospinal fluid | |
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| General information | |
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| CSF constituents | |
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| Artificial CSF | |
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| CSF fistula (cranial) | |
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| Intracranial hypotension | |
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| References | |
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| Hydrocephalus | |
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| Treatment of hydrocephalus | |
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| Shunt problems | |
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| Normal pressure hydrocephalus | |
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| Blindness from hydrocephalus | |
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| Hydrocephalus and pregnancy | |
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| References | |
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| Infections | |
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| Prophylactic antibiotics | |
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| Meningitis | |
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| Shunt infection | |
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| Wound infections | |
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| Osteomyelitis of the skull | |
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| Cerebral abscess | |
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| Subdural empyema | |
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| Viral encephalitis | |
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| Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease | |
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| Neurologic manifestations of AIDS | |
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| Lyme disease - neurologic manifestations | |
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| Parasitic infections of the CNS | |
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| Fungal infections of the CNS | |
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| Amebic infections of CNS | |
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| Spine infections | |
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| References | |
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| Seizures | |
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| Seizure classification | |
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| Special types of seizures | |
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| Status epilepticus | |
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| Antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) | |
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| Seizure surgery | |
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| References | |
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| Spine & spinal cord | |
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| Low back pain and radiculopathy | |
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| Sagittal balance | |
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| Intervertebral disc herniation | |
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| Degenerative disc/spine disease | |
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| Craniocervical junction and upper cervical spine abnormalities | |
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| Rheumatoid arthritis | |
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| Atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) in Down syndrome | |
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| Paget's disease | |
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| Ankylosing spondylitis | |
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| Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) | |
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| Ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament (OALL) | |
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| Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis | |
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| Scheuermann's kyphosis | |
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| Spinal vascular malformations | |
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| Spinal meningeal cysts | |
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| Syringomyelia | |
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| Spinal cord herniation (idiopathic) | |
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| Spinal epidural hematoma | |
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| Spinal subdural hematoma | |
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| Spinal epidural lipomatosis (SEL) | |
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| Coccydynia | |
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| References | |
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| Functional neurosurgery | |
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| Deep brain stimulation | |
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| Surgical treatment of Parkinson's disease | |
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| Dystonia | |
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| Spasticity | |
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| Torticollis | |
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| Neurovascular compression syndromes | |
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| Hyperhidrosis | |
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| Tremor | |
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| Sympathectomy | |
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| References | |
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| Pain | |
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| Neuropathic pain syndromes | |
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| Craniofacial pain syndromes | |
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| Postherpetic neuralgia | |
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| Pain procedures | |
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| Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) | |
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| References | |
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| Tumor | |
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| General information | |
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| Primary brain tumors | |
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| Pediatric brain tumors | |
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| Skull tumors | |
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| Cerebral metastases | |
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| Carcinomatous meningitis | |
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| Foramen magnum tumors | |
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| Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) | |
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| Empty sella syndrome | |
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| Tumor markers | |
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| Neurocutaneous disorders | |
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| Tumors of the spine and spinal cord | |
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| Neuroblastomas | |
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| References | |
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| Radiation therapy (XRT) | |
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| Conventional external beam radiation | |
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| Stereotactic radiosurgery & radiotherapy | |
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| Interstitial brachytherapy | |
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| References | |
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| Stereotactic surgery | |
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| References | |
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| Peripheral nerves | |
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| Some basic points about peripheral nerve injury/surgery | |
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| Brachial plexus | |
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| Peripheral neuropathies | |
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| Thoracic outlet syndrome | |
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| Miscellaneous peripheral nerve | |
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| References | |
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| Neurophthalmology | |
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| Nystagmus | |
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| Papilledema | |
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| Visual fields | |
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| Pupillary diameter | |
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| Extraocular muscle (EOM) system | |
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| Miscellaneous neurophthalmologic signs | |
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| References | |
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| Neurotology | |
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| Dizziness and vertigo | |
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| Meniere's disease | |
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| Facial nerve palsy | |
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| Hearing loss | |
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| References | |
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| Head trauma | |
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| Transfer of trauma patients | |
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| Management in E/R | |
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| Neuromonitoring | |
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| Skull fractures | |
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| Posttraumatic parenchymal injuries | |
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| Epidural hematoma | |
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| Subdural hematoma | |
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| Traumatic posterior fossa mass lesions | |
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| Posttraumatic hydrocephalus | |
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| Aspects of general care in severe TBI | |
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| Outcome from head trauma | |
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| Gunshot wounds to the head | |
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| Non-missile penetrating trauma | |
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| High altitude cerebral edema | |
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| Pediatric head injury | |
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| References | |
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| Spine injuries | |
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| Whiplash-associated disorders | |
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| Pediatric spine injuries | |
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| Initial management of spinal cord injury | |
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| Neurological assessment | |
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| Spinal cord injuries | |
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| Cervical spine fractures | |
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| Blunt cerebrovascular injuries | |
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| Thoracic & lumbar spine fractures | |
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| Osteoporotic spine fractures | |
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| Sacral fractures | |
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| Gunshot wounds to the spine | |
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| Penetrating trauma to the neck | |
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| Delayed deterioration following spinal cord injuries | |
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| Chronic management issues with spinal cord injuries | |
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| References | |
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| Stroke | |
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| Cerebrovascular hemodynamics | |
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| Strokes: general information | |
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| Stroke in young adults | |
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| Lacunar strokes | |
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| Collateral circulation | |
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| �Occlusion� syndromes | |
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| Miscellaneous stroke | |
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| References | |
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| SAH and aneurysms | |
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| Introduction to SAH | |
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| Grading SAH | |
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| Initial management of SAH | |
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| Vasospasm | |
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| Cerebral aneurysms | |
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| Treatment options for aneurysms | |
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| Timing of aneurysm surgery | |
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| General technical considerations of aneurysm surgery | |
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| Aneurysm recurrence after treatment | |
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| Aneurysm type by location | |
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| Post-op orders for aneurysm clipping | |
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| Unruptured aneurysms | |
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| Multiple aneurysms | |
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| Familial aneurysms | |
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| Traumatic aneurysms | |
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| Mycotic aneurysms | |
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| Giant aneurysms | |
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| SAH of unknown etiology | |
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| Nonaneurysmal SAH | |
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| Pregnancy & intracranial hemorrhage | |
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| References | |
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| Vascular malformations | |
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| Arteriovenous malformation | |
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| Venous angiomas | |
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| Angiographically occult vascular malformations | |
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| Dural AVM | |
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| Vein of Galen malformation | |
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| Carotid-cavernous fistula | |
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| References | |
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| Intracerebral hemorrhage | |
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| Intracerebral hemorrhage in adults | |
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| ICH in young adults | |
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| Intracerebral hemorrhage in the newborn | |
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| References | |
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| Occlusive cerebro-vascular disease | |
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| Atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease | |
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| Cerebral arterial dissections | |
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| Extracranial-intracranial (EC/IC) bypass | |
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| Cerebrovascular venous thrombosis | |
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| Moyamoya disease | |
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| References | |
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| Outcome assessment | |
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| References | |
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| Differential diagnosis | |
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| Differential diagnosis (DDx) by signs and symptoms | |
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| Differential diagnosis (DDx) by location | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |
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| Quick reference tables | |