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Introduction to the Thermodynamics of Materials

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ISBN-10: 1591690439

ISBN-13: 9781591690436

Edition: 5th 2008 (Revised)

Authors: David R. Gaskell, David E. Laughlin

List price: $159.95
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Description:

This classic textbook is the definitive introduction to the thermodynamic behavior of materials systems. Written as a basic text for advanced undergraduates and first year graduate students in metallurgy, metallurgical engineering, ceramics, or materials science, it presents the underlying thermodynamic principles of materials and their plethora of applications. The book is also of proven interest to working professionals in need of a reference or refresher course.
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Book details

List price: $159.95
Edition: 5th
Copyright year: 2008
Publisher: CRC Press LLC
Publication date: 3/13/2008
Binding: Hardcover
Pages: 618
Size: 6.50" wide x 9.25" long x 1.75" tall
Weight: 2.486
Language: English

Preface
Introduction and Definition of Terms
Introduction
The Concept of State
Simple Equilibrium
The Equation of State of an Ideal Gas
The Units of Energy and Work
Extensive and Intensive Properties
Phase Diagrams and Thermodynamic Components
Numerical Examples
The First Law of Thermodynamics
Introduction
The Relationship between Heat and Work
Internal Energy and the First Law of Thermodynamics
Constant-Volume Processes
Constant-Pressure Processes and the Enthalpy H
Heat Capacity
Reversible Adiabatic Processes
Reversible Isothermal Pressure or Volume Changes of an Ideal Gas
Summary
Numerical Examples
Problems
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
Introduction
Spontaneous or Natural Processes
Entropy and the Quantification of Irreversibility
Reversible Processes
An Illustration of Irreversible and Reversible Processes
Entropy and Reversible Heat
The Reversible Isothermal Compression of an Ideal Gas
The Reversible Adiabatic Expansion of an Ideal Gas
Summary Statements
The Properties of Heat Engines
The Thermodynamic Temperature Scale
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
Maximum Work
Entropy and the Criterion for Equilibrium
The Combined Statement of the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics
Summary
Numerical Examples
Problems
The Statistical Interpretation of Entropy
Introduction
Entropy and Disorder on an Atomic Scale
The Concept of Microstate
Determination of the Most Probable Microstate
The Influence of Temperature
Thermal Equilibrium and the Boltzmann Equation
Heat Flow and the Production of Entropy
Configurational Entropy and Thermal Entropy
Summary
Numerical Examples
Problems
Auxiliary Functions
Introduction
The Enthalpy H
The Helmholtz Free Energy A
The Gibbs Free Energy G
Summary of the Equations for a Closed System
The Variation of the Composition and Size of the System
The Chemical Potential
Thermodynamic Relations
Maxwell's Equations
The Upstairs-Downstairs-Inside-Out Formula
The Gibbs-Helmholtz Equation
Summary
Example of the Use of the Thermodynamic Relations
Numerical Example
Problems
Heat Capacity, Enthalpy, Entropy, and the Third Law of Thermodyanmics
Introduction
Theoretical Calculation of the Heat Capacity
The Empirical Representation of Heat Capacities
Enthalpy as a Function of Temperature and Composition
The Dependence of Entropy on Temperature and the Third Law of Thermodynamics
Experimental Verification of the Third Law
The Influence of Pressure on Enthalpy and Entropy
Summary
Numerical Examples
Problems
Phase Equilibrium in a One-Component System
Introduction
The Variation of Gibbs Free Energy with Temperature at Constant Pressure
The Variation of Gibbs Free Energy with Pressure at Constant Temperature
Gibbs Free Energy as a Function of Temperature and Pressure
Equilibrium between the Vapor Phase and a Condensed Phase
Graphical Representation of Phase Equilibria in a One-Component System
Solid-Solid Equilibria
Summary
Numerical Examples
Problems
The Behavior of Gases
Introduction
The P-V-T Relationships of Gases
Deviations from Ideality and Equations of State for Real Gases
The van der Waals Gas
Other Equations of State for Nonideal Gases
The Thermodynamic Properties of Ideal Gases and Mixtures of Ideal Gases
The Thermodynamic Treatment of Nonideal Gases
Summary
Numerical Examples
Problems
The Behavior of Solutions
Introduction
Raoult's Law and Henry's Law
The Thermodynamic Activity of a Component in Solution
The Gibbs-Duhem Equation
The Gibbs Free Energy of Formation of a Solution
The Properties of Raoultian Ideal Solutions
Nonideal Solutions
Application of the Gibbs-Duhem Relation to the Determination of Activity
Regular Solutions
A Statistical Model of Solutions
Subregular Solutions
Summary
Numerical Examples
Problems
Gibbs Free Energy Composition and Phase Diagrams of Binary Systems
Introduction
Gibbs Free Energy and Thermodynamic Activity
The Gibbs Free Energy of Formation of Regular Solutions
Criteria for Phase Stability in Regular Solutions
Liquid and Solid Standard States
Phase Diagrams, Gibbs Free Energy, and Thermodynamic Activity
The Phase Diagrams of Binary Systems That Exhibit Regular Solution Behavior in the Liquid and Solid States
Summary
Numerical Example
Problems
Reactions Involving Gases
Introduction
Reaction Equilibrium in a Gas Mixture and the Equilibrium Constant
The Effect of Temperature on the Equilibrium Constant
The Effect of Pressure on the Equilibrium Constant
Reaction Equilibrium as a Compromise between Enthalpy and Entropy
Reaction Equilibrium in the System SO[subscript 2(g)]-SO[subscript 3(g)]-O[subscript 2(g)]
Equilibrium in H[subscript 2]O-H[subscript 2] and CO[subscript 2]-CO Mixtures
Summary
Numerical Examples
Problems
Reactions Involving Pure Condensed Phases and a Gaseous Phase
Introduction
Reaction Equilibrium in a System Containing Pure Condensed Phases and a Gas Phase
The Variation of the Standard Gibbs Free Energy Change with Temperature
Ellingham Diagrams
The Effect of Phase Transformations
The Oxides of Carbon
Graphical Representation of Equilibria in the System Metal-Carbon-Oxygen
Summary
Numerical Examples
Problems
Reaction Equilibria in Systems Containing Components in Condensed Solution
Introduction
The Criteria for Reaction Equilibrium in Systems Containing Components in Condensed Solution
Alternative Standard States
The Gibbs Phase Rule
Binary Systems Containing Compounds
Graphical Representation of Phase Equilibria
The Formation of Oxide Phases of Variable Composition
The Solubility of Gases in Metals
Solutions Containing Several Dilute Solutes
Summary
Numerical Examples
Problems
Phase Diagrams for Binary Systems in Pressure-Temperature-Composition Space
Introduction
A Binary System Exhibiting Complete Mutual Solubility of the Components in the Solid and Liquid States
A Binary System Exhibiting Complete Mutual Solubility in the Solid and Liquid States and Showing Minima on the Melting, Boiling, and Sublimation Curves
A Binary System Containing a Eutectic Equilibrium and Having Complete Mutual Solubility in the Liquid
A Binary System Containing a Peritectic Equilibrium and Having Complete Mutual Solubility in the Liquid State
Phase Equilibrium in a Binary System Containing an Intermediate [gamma] Phase That Melts, Sublimes, and Boils Congruently
Phase Equilibrium in a Binary System Containing an Intermediate [gamma] Phase That Melts and Sublimes Congruently and Boils Incongruently
Phase Equilibrium in a Binary System with a Eutectic and One Component That Exhibits Allotropy
A Binary Eutectic System in Which Both Components Exhibit Allotropy
Phase Equilibrium at Low Pressure: The Cadmium-Zinc System
Phase Equilibrium at High Pressure: The Na[subscript 2]O-Al[subscript 2]O[subscript 3]-2SiO[subscript 2]-SiO[subscript 2] System
Summary
Electrochemistry
Introduction
The Relationship between Chemical and Electrical Driving Forces
The Effect of Concentration on EMF
Formation Cells
Concentration Cells
The Temperature Coefficient of the EMF
Heat Effects
The Thermodynamics of Aqueous Solutions
The Gibbs Free Energy of Formation of Ions and Standard Reduction Potentials
Pourbaix Diagrams
Summary
Numerical Examples
Problems
Appendices
Selected Thermodynamic and Thermochemical Data
Exact Differential Equations
The Generation of Auxiliary Functions as Legendre Transformations
Nomenclature
Answers
Index
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