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Preface | |
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Acknowledgments | |
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Antijam Communications and Electronic Countermeasures | |
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Antijam Communications | |
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Networks | |
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Spread Spectrum Technology | |
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Low Probability of Detection | |
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Low Probability of Intercept | |
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Low Probability of Exploitation | |
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AntiJam | |
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AJ Signal Types | |
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Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum | |
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Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum | |
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Time Hopping | |
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Hybrids | |
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Synchronization | |
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Frequency Range Effects | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Radio Signal Propagation | |
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Propagation of Signals in the VHF and Above Range | |
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Noise | |
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Free Space Propagation | |
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Propagation Close to the Earth | |
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Smooth Earth | |
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Effective Antenna Height | |
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Surface Roughness | |
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Diffraction Loss | |
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Propagation Into and Out of Buildings | |
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Terrain Irregularity | |
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Attenuation Due to Woodlands | |
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Multipath Reception | |
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Doppler Shift | |
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Indoor Propagation | |
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Oxygen Absorption at 60 GHz | |
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Propagation Models | |
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Propagation of Signals in the HF Range | |
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Noise | |
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Ground Wave | |
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Sky Wave | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Signaling for Antijam Communications | |
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Communication System Model | |
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Signaling Performance in Interference and Noise | |
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Modulations | |
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Binary Signal Reception | |
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Frequency Shift Key Performance | |
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Phase Shift Key Performance | |
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Chaotic Shift Key | |
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Error Control | |
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Coding Techniques | |
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Block Coding | |
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Convolutional Coding | |
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Bit Interleaving | |
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Side Information | |
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Jammer State Information | |
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Channel State Information | |
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Processing Gain | |
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Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum | |
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DSSS Processing Gain | |
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Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum | |
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Fast Frequency Hopping | |
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Slow Frequency Hopping | |
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DS and FH Hybrid Spread Spectrum | |
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Ultrawideband Communications | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Linear Feedback Shift Registers and Linear Recursive Sequences | |
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Galois Fields | |
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Polynomials | |
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Shift Registers | |
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Maximal Sequences | |
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Correlation Functions | |
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Properties of m-Sequences | |
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Product Codes | |
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Gold Codes | |
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Kasami Codes | |
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LFRS Design | |
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Synthesis of m-Sequence LFRSs | |
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Other Ways to Generate m-Sequences | |
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Applications | |
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FHSS | |
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DSSS | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Synchronization and Tracking in Spread Spectrum Systems | |
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DSSS Synchronization and Tracking | |
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DSSS Synchronization | |
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DSSS Tracking | |
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FHSS Synchronization and Tracking | |
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FHSS Synchronization | |
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FHSS Tracking | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Jamming Techniques | |
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Jamming Strategies | |
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Partial Dwell Jamming of FH Systems | |
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Noise Jamming | |
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Tone Jamming | |
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Swept Jamming | |
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Pulse Jamming | |
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Follower Jamming | |
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Smart Jamming | |
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Asset Sharing | |
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Look-Through | |
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Power Sharing | |
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Time Sharing | |
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Jamming-Power to Signal-Power Ratios | |
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R[superscript n] Model JSR | |
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Ground Reflection Propagation JSR | |
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Nicholson JSR | |
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Egli Model JSR | |
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Jammer Platform Configurations | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Antijam Signal Detection | |
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Receivers | |
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Staring Receivers | |
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Scanning Receivers | |
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Detectors | |
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Matched Filter | |
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Radiometers | |
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Filter Bank Combiner | |
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Direct Sequence | |
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Signal-Specific Detection | |
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Nonsignal-Specific Detection | |
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Frequency Hopping | |
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FHSS Signal Sorting | |
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Performance Simulation | |
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Simulation Description | |
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Collected Statistics | |
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Results | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Jamming Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Systems | |
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Spectral Characteristics of DSSS | |
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BBN Jamming of DSSS Systems | |
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BPSK and QPSK | |
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BBN Jamming of Chaotic Systems | |
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PBN Jamming of DSSS Systems | |
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Pulse Jamming of DSSS Systems | |
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Pulsed Jamming of Uncoded DSSS Systems | |
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Pulsed Jamming of Repeat Coded BPSK DSSS Systems | |
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Tone Jamming of DSSS Systems | |
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Single-Tone Jamming | |
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Multitone Jamming | |
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Ultrawideband Signals | |
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BBN Jamming | |
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Multitone Jamming | |
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Pulsed Jamming | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Jamming Fast Frequency Hopping Systems | |
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Multiple Dwells per Data Bit | |
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BBN Jamming of FFH Systems | |
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Follower Jamming of FFH Systems | |
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Follower/NBN Jamming | |
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Follower/Tone Jamming | |
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Summary for Follower Jamming | |
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PBN Jamming of FFH Systems | |
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PBN Jamming of Error-Coded Signals | |
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Narrowband Noise Jammer | |
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Single-Tone Jamming of FFH Systems | |
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Multiple Tone Jamming of FFH Systems | |
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Uncoded FFH MFSK Signals | |
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Coded FFH MFSK Signals | |
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Pulsed Jamming of FFH Systems | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Jamming Slow Frequency Hopping Systems | |
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BBN Jamming of SFH Systems | |
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Uncoded | |
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Coded | |
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PBN Jamming of SFH Systems | |
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Uncoded SFH MFSK Systems | |
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Coded SFH MFSK Systems | |
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Multitone Jamming of SFH Systems | |
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Uncoded SFH MFSK Systems | |
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Coded SFH MFSK Systems | |
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Follower Jamming of SFH Systems | |
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Noise Jamming | |
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Tone Jamming | |
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Comparison | |
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Coded MFSK Jamming | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Jamming Hybrid Spread Spectrum Systems | |
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Coherent Reception | |
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Coherent Asynchronous BPSK DS/SFH Systems | |
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Coherent Asynchronous QPSK DS/SFH Systems | |
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Coherent Synchronous BPSK DS/SFH Systems | |
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Coherent Synchronous QPSK DS/SFH Systems | |
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BBN Jamming Coherent DS/SFH Systems | |
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PBN Jamming Coherent DS/SFH Systems | |
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Multitone Jamming Coherent DS/SFH Systems | |
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NBN Follower Jamming Coherent DS/SFH Systems | |
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Jamming Coherent DS/SFH Systems Comparisons | |
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Noncoherent Reception | |
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Noncoherent Asynchronous DS/SFH Systems | |
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Noncoherent Synchronous DS/SFH Systems | |
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BBN Jamming Noncoherent DS/SFH Systems | |
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PBN Jamming Noncoherent DS/SFH Systems | |
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Multitone Jamming of Noncoherent DS/FHSS Systems | |
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Jamming DS/SFH Performance Comparisons | |
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Concluding Remarks | |
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References | |
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Q-Function | |
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Introduction | |
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Marcum's Q-Function | |
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Modified Bessel Function of the First Kind and 0th Order | |
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Generalized Q-Function | |
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References | |
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Simulated Networks | |
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List of Acronyms | |
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About the Author | |
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Index | |