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Preface | |
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Introduction | |
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Controlling U.S. Trade Policy | |
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Objectives of this Book | |
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Protection, Free Trade, and Congress | |
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Nationalists and the American System | |
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The Free Trade Alternative | |
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The Basic Economic Argument | |
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The United States and Free Trade | |
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The Realist View | |
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Congress and Trade | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Notes | |
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From Protection to Reciprocal Trade | |
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Commercial Isolation | |
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The Fordney-McCumber Tariff | |
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The Farm Problem and the Split Among Democrats | |
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The Smoot-Hawley Tariff | |
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Reciprocal Trade | |
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The 1932 Election and Its Aftermath | |
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The Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act | |
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Implementing the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Notes | |
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From Neutrality to Bretton Woods and the GATT | |
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Trade and War | |
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The Neutrality Laws | |
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Lend-Lease Act | |
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Freezing Assets | |
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Transforming the World Trading System | |
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Making Preparations | |
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Congressional and British Obstacles | |
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The Bretton Woods Agreements | |
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Trade Negotiations: Slow Going and Tough Bargaining | |
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The International Trade Organization and the GATT | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Notes | |
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Cold War Trade: Protection from Imports and from Communism | |
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The Communist Threat | |
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The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan | |
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Economic and Political Containment | |
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Congressional Trade Restrictions and the Korean War | |
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Eisenhower's New Look in Trade | |
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Protection from Imports | |
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Protection from Unfair Trade | |
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Protection from Fair Trade | |
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The Cold War and Freer Trade | |
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Trade and National Security | |
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The Randall Commission and Renewing Reciprocal Trade | |
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Trouble with Textiles | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Notes | |
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The Kennedy and Tokyo Rounds of the GATT | |
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The Kennedy Round of the GATT | |
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The Issues | |
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The Trade Expansion Act of 1962 | |
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The Negotiations | |
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The Reaction | |
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The Tokyo Round | |
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Nixon's Trade Decisions | |
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The Trade Act of 1974 | |
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The Tokyo Round | |
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The Trade Agreements Act of 1979 | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Notes | |
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Oil and Turmoil | |
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Trade in Oil | |
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Quotas and National Security | |
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The Tables Turn | |
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The Oil Weapon | |
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The American Response | |
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Confusion on the Home Front | |
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The Moral Equivalent of War | |
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Revolution in Iran | |
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The Windfall Profits Tax | |
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Rolling Back Energy Prices | |
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The Automobile Industry | |
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America's Love Affair with Big Cars | |
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The Foreign Challenge | |
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Seeking Relief | |
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The Escape Clause Case | |
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Back to Congress | |
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Renewals and Domestic Content | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Notes | |
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From the Cold War to the WTO and NAFTA | |
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East-West Trade | |
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The Grain Embargo | |
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The Pipeline Sanctions | |
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The Japanese Challenge | |
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The Japanese Difference | |
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Market Opening: Round One | |
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Market Opening: Semiconductors | |
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The Structural Impediments Initiative | |
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The Uruguay Round of the GATT | |
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Getting Started | |
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The Negotiations | |
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The Final Negotiations | |
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The North American Free Trade Agreement | |
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The U.S.-Canada Negotiations | |
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The Three-Way Talks | |
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Congressional Approval | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Notes | |
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Approaching a New Century of Trade | |
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Japan | |
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The Framework Talks | |
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The Enhanced Initiative | |
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The European Union | |
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Beef Hormones | |
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Bananas | |
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China | |
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Human Rights | |
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Chinese Trade Barriers | |
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U.S.-China WTO Negotiations | |
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The Final Agreement | |
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The United States and the WTO | |
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Dispute Settlement | |
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A New Round of Negotiations | |
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Regional Trade | |
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Asia | |
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Expanding NAFTA | |
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Sub-Saharan Africa | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Notes | |
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Glossary | |
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Further Reading | |
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Index | |