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Preface | |
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Introduction to Phonetics | |
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The Study of Phonetics | |
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Introduction | |
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Branches of Phonetics | |
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Phonetics: A Tool Subject | |
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Terms Worth Knowing | |
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Dynamic Nature of Speech | |
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Summary | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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Language, Dialects, Registers, and Idiolects | |
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Introduction | |
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Dialects and Registers | |
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Major Dialects of American English | |
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Determining Your Speech History, or Idiolect | |
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A Dialect Survey for Your Use | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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Classifying the Sounds of Speech | |
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Introduction | |
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Vowels and Consonants | |
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Voicing | |
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Place of Articulation | |
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Manner of Articulation | |
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Other Manners of Articulation | |
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Distinctive Feature Theory | |
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Phonetic Features That Do Not Distinguish Phonemes | |
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Other Ways of Classifying Speech Sounds | |
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Summary | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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Some Applications of Phonetic Theory | |
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Introduction | |
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Relationship Between Phonetics and Phonology | |
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Advantages of Using Distinctive Features to Write Phonological Rules | |
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Reading and Writing Phonological Rules with Distinctive Features | |
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Clinical Phonetics: Consonantal Deviations | |
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Clinical Phonetics: Vowel Deviations | |
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Summary | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercise in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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The Sounds of American English: A Resource for Phoneticians | |
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Overview | |
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Organization of the Data | |
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Exercise in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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Sounds and Symbols: The Phonetic Alphabet | |
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The Stop Consonants | |
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Introduction | |
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/p/ | |
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/b/ | |
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/t/ | |
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/d/ | |
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/k/ | |
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/g/ | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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The Fricative Consonants | |
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Introduction | |
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/f/ | |
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/v/ | |
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/[theta]/ | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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/s/ | |
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/z/ | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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/h/ | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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The Affricate Consonants | |
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Introduction | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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The Nasal Consonants | |
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Introduction | |
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/m/ | |
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/n/ | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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The Glide, Liquid, and Lateral Consonants | |
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Introduction | |
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/j/ | |
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/w/ | |
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/hw/ | |
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/r/ | |
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/l/ | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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The Front Vowels | |
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Introduction | |
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/i/ | |
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/I/ | |
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/e/ | |
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/[varepsilon]/ | |
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/ae/ | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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The Central Vowels | |
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Introduction | |
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/[Lambda]/ | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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The Back Vowels | |
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Introduction | |
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/u/ | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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/o/ | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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/a/ | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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The Diphthongs | |
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Introduction | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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/[characters not reproducible] | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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The Suprasegmentals | |
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Are Two Levels of Phonetic Analysis Sufficient? | |
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Why Do We Need a Suprasegmental Level of Analysis? | |
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Stress, Intonation, and Rhythm | |
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Stress and Accent | |
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The Function of Phonetic Stress? | |
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How Is Stress Manifested in Speech? | |
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Question Intonation | |
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The Timing of Speech: Rhythm | |
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The IPA and Suprasegmentals | |
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Summary | |
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Study Questions | |
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Exercises in Applied Phonetics Workbook | |
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Appendixes | |
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Relative Frequency of Letters in English | |
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Relative Frequency of Occurrence of Phonemes in English | |
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Developmental Data for the Sounds of English | |
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Understanding Sound Spectrograms | |
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Relative Acoustic Power for the English Phonemes | |
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Relative Difficulty of Recognizing the Phonemes of American English | |
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References | |
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Glossary | |
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Index | |