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| Preface and Acknowledgments | |
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| Plant Canopy Architecture | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Plant Height | |
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| Tillering | |
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| Leaf Characteristics | |
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| Breeding and Management Strategies for Ideal Plant Architecture | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Root Architecture | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Root Morphology | |
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| Shoot-Root Ratios | |
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| Root Growth Parameters and Methods of Measurement | |
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| Root Distribution in Soil | |
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| Root Development Relative to Plant Growth Stage | |
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| Root Characteristics Related to Drought Resistance | |
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| Soil Environment | |
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| Management Strategies for Maximizing Root Systems | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Physiology of Growth and Yield Components | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Theory of Growth and Yield Components Analysis | |
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| Yield Components Analysis | |
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| Dry Matter Production and Grain Yield | |
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| Duration of Reproductive Growth Period | |
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| Duration of Grain-Filling Period | |
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| Management Strategies for Ideal Yield Components | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Photosynthesis and Crop Yield | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Crop Photosynthesis | |
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| Canopy Photosynthesis | |
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| C[subscript 3] and C[subscript 4] Photosynthesis | |
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| Radiation Use Efficiency | |
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| Leaf Area Index | |
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| Partitioning of Assimilates | |
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| Respiration During Photosynthesis | |
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| Management Strategies for Maximizing Photosynthesis | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Source-Sink Relationships and Crop Yield | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Source-Sink Transitions | |
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| Physiological Aspects of Source-Sink Relationships in Annual Crop Plants | |
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| An Example of Yield Manipulation Using Source-Sink Concepts Relative to Nitrogen and Crop Development | |
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| Relationship Between Sink and Respiration | |
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| Formation of Yield Sinks | |
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| Modification in Source-Sink Relationships with Cultivar Improvement | |
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| Management Strategies for Maximizing Source-Sink Relationships | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Carbon Dioxide and Crop Yield | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Total Carbon in Soils of the World | |
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| Carbon Dioxide and Plant Growth | |
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| Carbon Dioxide and Photosynthesis | |
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| Carbon Dioxide and Water Use Efficiency | |
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| Carbon Dioxide and Radiation Use Efficiency | |
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| Management Strategies in Sequestration of CO[subscript 2] | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Physiology of Drought in Crop Plants | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Water Use Efficiency | |
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| Crop Yield Relative to Water Stress | |
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| Drought and Nutrient Acquisition | |
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| Drought Resistance Mechanisms | |
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| Management Strategies for Reducing Drought | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Physiology of Mineral Nutrition | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Root Morphology | |
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| |
| Active and Passive Ion Transport | |
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| Ion Uptake Mechanisms | |
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| Ion Absorption Measurement | |
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| Ion Translocation from Roots to Shoots | |
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| Physiological Functions of Nutrients | |
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| Beneficial and Toxic Elements | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Plant Species | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |