| |
| |
| Foreword | |
| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
| Why Maintain and Restore Connectivity? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Background: Land-Use Change and Habitat Loss | |
| |
| |
| Importance and Types of Land-Use Change | |
| |
| |
| The Limitations of Protected Areas | |
| |
| |
| Environmental Regulation and Incentive-Based Conservation | |
| |
| |
| Reconnecting Our Landscapes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Understanding Fragmentation | |
| |
| |
| Temporal and Spatial Scales | |
| |
| |
| Natural versus Human-Induced Fragmentation | |
| |
| |
| Consequences of Human-Induced Fragmentation | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Ecological Framework | |
| |
| |
| What Is Connectivity? | |
| |
| |
| Island Biogeography | |
| |
| |
| Metapopulation Theory: Conceptual History | |
| |
| |
| Metapopulation Processes | |
| |
| |
| Metacommunity Theory | |
| |
| |
| |
| Key Connectivity Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Approaches to Achieving Habitat Connectivity | |
| |
| |
| What Is a Corridor? | |
| |
| |
| Types of Corridors | |
| |
| |
| Goals of Corridors | |
| |
| |
| Biological Benefits | |
| |
| |
| Benefits to Humans | |
| |
| |
| |
| Role of the Matrix | |
| |
| |
| Landscape Ecology | |
| |
| |
| Traveling the Matrix | |
| |
| |
| Edges and Edge Effects | |
| |
| |
| Effects on Population Dynamics | |
| |
| |
| Habitat for Exotics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Potential Pitfalls of Linking Landscapes | |
| |
| |
| Impacts of Edge Effects | |
| |
| |
| Corridors as Biotic Filters | |
| |
| |
| Facilitation of Invasions | |
| |
| |
| Demographic Impacts | |
| |
| |
| Social Behavior | |
| |
| |
| Genetic-Impacts | |
| |
| |
| Conflicting Scientific Objectives | |
| |
| |
| Economic Impacts | |
| |
| |
| Four Case Studies Analyzed | |
| |
| |
| |
| Corridor Design, Planning, and Implementation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Corridor Design Objectives | |
| |
| |
| Focal Species Considerations | |
| |
| |
| Corridor Quality: Continuity, Composition, and Dimension | |
| |
| |
| Landscape Configuration | |
| |
| |
| Restoring Corridors across the Landscape | |
| |
| |
| |
| Identifying, Prioritizing, and Assessing Corridors | |
| |
| |
| Collaborative Conservation Process | |
| |
| |
| Addressing Scale | |
| |
| |
| Identifying Corridors for Conservation and Restoration | |
| |
| |
| Limiting Factors | |
| |
| |
| |
| Protecting and Restoring Corridors | |
| |
| |
| General Strategies | |
| |
| |
| Land Stewardship and Education | |
| |
| |
| Purchasing Land for Conservation | |
| |
| |
| Restoring Land | |
| |
| |
| Lessons from Corridor Projects | |
| |
| |
| Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| Future Goals and Directions | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| About the Authors | |
| |
| |
| Index | |