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| Preface | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Learning and Cognition as Adaptation | |
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| Learning and Cognition Defined | |
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| Learning and Cognition as Scientific Subject Matters | |
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| Historical Influences on the Psychology of Learning and Cognition | |
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| Pavlovian Conditioning: Basic Principles | |
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| Ivan Petrovich Pavlov: The Man and His Science | |
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| Extinction and Inhibitory Conditioning | |
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| Generalization, Discrimination, and Higher Order Conditioning | |
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| Explanations of Pavlovian Conditioning | |
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| The Adaptiveness of Pavlovian Conditioning | |
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| Pavlovian Conditioning: Applications | |
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| Learned Taste Aversion | |
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| Conditioning and Physiology | |
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| Clinical Implications | |
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| Operant Conditioning and Reinforcement | |
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| The Discovery of Operant Conditioning | |
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| The Three-Term Contingency | |
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| Basic Principles of Operant Behavior | |
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| Schedules of Reinforcement | |
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| The Adaptiveness of Operant Conditioning | |
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| Operant Conditioning: Applications | |
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| Operant Principles and Behavioral Medicine | |
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| Operant Principles in Education | |
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| Social Learning | |
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| Imitation: The Roots of Sociality | |
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| Social Learning: The Cognitive Perspective | |
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| Social Learning: The Behavioral Perspective | |
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| The Adaptive Nature of Social Learning | |
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| Remembering and Forgetting | |
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| Historical Approaches and Theories of Memory | |
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| Forgetting: Causes and Corrections | |
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| Incidental Memory | |
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| Memory in Nonhumans | |
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| The Adaptive Nature of Memory | |
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| Conceptual Behavior | |
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| Concepts as Abstractions | |
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| Human Conceptual Behavior | |
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| Conceptual Behavior in Nonhumans | |
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| The Adaptive Nature of Conceptual Behavior | |
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| Acquiring and Using Language | |
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| Language Fundamentals | |
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| The Psycholinguistic Approach to Language | |
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| The Behavioral Approach to Language | |
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| Language in Nonhumans | |
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| The Adaptive Nature of Language | |
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| Biology, Learning, and Cognition | |
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| Learning and the Nervous System | |
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| Memory and the Nervous System | |
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| The Phylogeny of Learning and Cognition | |
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| The Adaptive Nature of Learning and Cognition: Summing Up | |
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| References | |
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| Credits | |
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| Name Index | |
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| Glossary Index | |