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| List of Figures and Tables | |
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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Traditional Structures for Organizing Knowledge | |
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| Introduction to Structures for Organizing Knowledge | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Framework for Exploring Organizing Behavior | |
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| Scope | |
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| Definitions | |
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| Structure | |
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| Information and Knowledge | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Thought Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Websites Noted in Text | |
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| Historical Perspectives and Development of Structures for Organizing Knowledge | |
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| Introduction and Scope of the Chapter | |
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| Informal Structures | |
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| Formal Structures | |
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| Informal and Formal Structures | |
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| History of Structures for Organizing Knowledge | |
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| Early Taxonomists and Their Contributions | |
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| Early Bibliographic Traces | |
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| Later Developments in Library and Information Science | |
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| Cataloging Codes | |
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| Controlled Vocabularies | |
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| Classification Schemes | |
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| Contributions from Philosophy | |
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| Contributions from Natural History | |
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| Contributions from Cognitive Science | |
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| Classical View of Categories | |
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| Prototype Theory | |
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| Mental Models | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Thought Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Websites Noted in Text | |
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| Standards and Best Practices | |
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| Standards and Standards Development | |
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| Standards for Organizing Knowledge | |
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| Standards Organizations: National Level | |
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| Standards Organizations: Regional and International Levels | |
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| Standards Development Process | |
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| Standards Developers | |
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| Development Process | |
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| Information Technology Standards | |
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| Technical Standards: Library Bibliographic Systems | |
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| Technical Standards: Proprietary Databases | |
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| Content Creation Standards | |
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| Descriptive Cataloging: Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules | |
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| International Standard Bibliographic Description | |
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| IFLA International Cataloguing Principles | |
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| Resource Description and Access | |
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| Subject-Related Content Standards | |
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| Controlled Vocabulary Standards | |
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| Subject-Related Standards Developed by the Library Community | |
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| Subject-Related Standards for the World Wide Web | |
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| Metadata Schema Standards | |
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| General Purpose | |
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| Cultural Objects and Visual Resources | |
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| Educational Purposes | |
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| Archival and Preservation Metadata | |
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| Metadata Registries | |
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| Issues Related to Standardization | |
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| Best Practices and Knowledge Organization Structures | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Thought Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Websites Noted in Text | |
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| Disciplinary Uses and Applications of Knowledge Structures | |
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| Introduction and Scope of the Chapter | |
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| Knowledge Structures within Biology | |
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| Principle Functions | |
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| The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature | |
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| The International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria | |
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| The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature | |
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| Role of Knowledge Structures in the Discipline | |
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| Digital Applications and Digital Knowledge Structures | |
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| Development of Online Collections | |
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| Development of Infrastructure and Standards | |
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| Large-Scale Efforts | |
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| Knowledge Structures within Library and Information Science | |
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| Metadata Structures and Content Creation Standards | |
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| Machine-Readable Cataloging | |
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| Other Metadata Schemas | |
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| Controlled Vocabularies | |
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| Syndetic Structure within Controlled Vocabularies | |
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| Principles of Controlled Vocabularies | |
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| Subject Headings Lists | |
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| Thesauri | |
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| Classification Schemes | |
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| Dewey Decimal Classification Scheme | |
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| Library of Congress Classification | |
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| Colon Classification Scheme | |
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| Knowledge Structures within Social Sciences | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Thought Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Websites Noted in Text | |
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| Personal Structures for Organizing Knowledge | |
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| Structures for Organizing Knowledge in Personal and Professional Contexts | |
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| Introduction and Scope of the Chapter | |
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| Knowledge Structures and Knowledge Spaces within Personal Contexts | |
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| Defining Personal Knowledge Spaces | |
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| Research Focused on Personal Knowledge Organization | |
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| Organization of Personal Knowledge Spaces in the Home Environment | |
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| Knowledge Structures and Knowledge Spaces within Professional Contexts | |
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| Defining Professional Knowledge Spaces | |
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| Research Focused on Professional Knowledge Organization | |
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| Research on Paper-Based Knowledge Organization | |
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| Research on Digital Knowledge Organization | |
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| Taxonomies and Ontologies Developed for Professional Use | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Thought Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Further Readings | |
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| Websites Noted in Text | |
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| Socially-Constructed Structures for Organizing Knowledge | |
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| Social Knowledge-Organizing Behaviors and Socially-Constructed Structures for Organizing Knowledge: Research and Discussion | |
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| Introduction and Scope of the Chapter | |
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| Introduction to Social Networking, Bookmarking, and Cataloging Sites | |
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| Definitions | |
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| History of Social Networking, Bookmarking, and Cataloging Sites | |
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| Examples of Social Bookmarking and Social Cataloging Sites | |
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| Social Bookmarking Sites: Delicious and Flickr | |
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| Social Cataloging Sites: Library Thing | |
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| Research Related to Social Knowledge-Organizing Behaviors and Socially-Constructed Knowledge Spaces | |
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| Research Related to Exploration of Tags and Social Structures for Organizing Knowledge | |
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| Learning More about Site Use and Tagging Activities | |
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| Nature of Tags, Tagging, and Folksonomies | |
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| Comparing Tags and Folksonomies to Controlled Vocabularies | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Thought Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Websites Noted in Text | |
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| Extending Our Thinking: Creating a Structure for Organizing Knowledge from Various Threads | |
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| Introduction and Scope of the Chapter | |
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| Review of Traditional, Personal, and Socially-Constructed Threads | |
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| Traditional Structures for Organizing Knowledge | |
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| Personal Structures for Organizing Knowledge | |
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| Socially-Constructed Knowledge Structures | |
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| Practical Applications of the Threads | |
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| Integration of Tags and Folksonomies within Library OPACs | |
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| Integration of Tags and Folksonomies within Controlled | |
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| Vocabularies | |
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| Refining Folksonomies | |
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| The Missing Part of This Conversation! | |
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| Thought Exercises | |
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| References | |
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| Websites Noted in Text | |
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| Thinking Ahead: Are We at a Crossroads? | |
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| Envisioning Exercise #1 | |
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| Envisioning Exercise #2 | |
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| Scenario One | |
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| Scenario Two | |
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| So Where Does This Leave Us? | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |
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| About the Author | |