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Preface to Fourth Edition | |
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Majority Rules: "Minorities" and the Media | |
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Demographics | |
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Who Are the Minorities? | |
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The WASP Melting Pot | |
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U.S. Grows Beyond the Melting Pot | |
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The Browning of America | |
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Undercounting Racial and Ethnic Diversity | |
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Building a More Colorful United States | |
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From Melting Pot Minorities to Multiculturalism | |
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Racial and Ethnic Minorities: A Worldwide Phenomenon | |
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Racial and Ethnic Diversity: Problem or Opportunity? | |
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Media and Diversity: Maximizing Opportunity? | |
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Media Matter | |
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The Functions of Media in Society | |
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The Mass Media and the Mass Audience | |
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The Mass Media and the Collective Consciousness | |
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Symbols, Stereotypes, and the Mass Media | |
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Do Media Matter? | |
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The Zoot Suit Riots of 1943 | |
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Bigotry and Archie Bunker | |
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Media Images of Muslims: Impact on the People Portrayed | |
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How Do Media Matter? | |
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From Mass Media to Class Media | |
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Disparaging the "Other" | |
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Native Americans as Barriers to "Civilization" | |
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Justifying African Enslavement | |
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Fighting Mexicans for "Independence" | |
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Importing "Peril" From Asia | |
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The Middle Eastern Presence in America | |
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Racial Legacy of the Live Stage | |
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Racism and Sexism in American Entertainment | |
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"Bamboozling" Stereotypes Through the 20th Century | |
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Motion Pictures Bring Racism to a New Medium | |
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Hollywood's Heyday, Comics, and Radio Racism: 1930-1945 | |
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Post-World War II to the 21st Century | |
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Television Brings Stereotypes Home | |
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And There's Sexism Too | |
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Breaking the Barrier | |
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Sexism in Hollywood | |
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From Geisha Girl to Woman Warrior | |
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A Shameful Legacy | |
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Race, Culture, and Gender in the New Media Age | |
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Race and Representation in Prime-Time Television: More or Less? | |
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Old Problems Linger in the New Media Era | |
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Gender Inequities Abound | |
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Impact of Oprah Winfrey | |
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Racial Gaffes on Radio and the Web | |
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Video Games: One Step Forward, Two Steps Backward | |
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Racism and Sexism in Public Communications | |
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The Press: Whose (News) Media Is It? | |
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Social Function of News in Society | |
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Discrimination in News: An Overview | |
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Exclusionary Phase | |
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Threatening Issue Phase | |
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Confrontation Phase | |
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Stereotypical Selection Phase | |
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Multiracial Coverage Phase and Its Obstacles | |
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Some Women Journalists Who Paved the Way | |
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Sexism in the Newsroom | |
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Newsroom Power and Practices: Perpetuating Inaccurate Portrayals | |
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News Coverage of Women: Vamps, Victims, and Violence | |
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Newsroom Policy and Race | |
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Content Observation | |
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Editing by Superiors | |
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Informal Conversation | |
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News Planning Conferences | |
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Sanctions for Policy Violations | |
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Marketing and Advertising: The Media's Not-So-Silent Partners | |
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Advertising and Media in the Land of Plenty | |
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Race and Ethnicity in Advertising | |
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Looking Back: Advertising Images, Protests, and Progress | |
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Integration in Advertising | |
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Multicultural Marketing: Courting Consumers of Color | |
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The Black Market | |
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Spanish Gold | |
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Asian and Pacific Treasures | |
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Native American Growth | |
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Reaching Out to the "Halal Market" | |
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Mining Multicultural Markets | |
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Demographics and Psychographics | |
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Marketing and Advertising Ethics | |
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Advertising's Double-Edged Sword | |
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Public Relations: An Opportunity to Influence the Media | |
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Public Relations' Influence on the News Media | |
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Diversity in Public Relations: The Need to Reflect Demographic Growth and Changes | |
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The Importance of Minority Publics | |
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Diversity in Public Relations: Good Business | |
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Women of Color in Public Relations | |
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Building a Multicultural Foundation for Public Relations | |
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Diversity Practices in Public Relations Education | |
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A Public Relations Education Diversity Agenda | |
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A Public Relations Professional Diversity Agenda | |
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Overcoming Race and Gender Insensitive Media | |
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Advocacy: Keeping Their Feet to the Fire | |
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Civil Rights Organizations | |
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Challenging Bias in Broadcasting and Electronic Media | |
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Multicultural Efforts in the Newspaper Industry | |
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Contributions of Minority Media Professional Associations | |
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Advocacy in the Entertainment Industry | |
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Advocacy in Media Communications Education | |
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Overview: Confronting the Status Quo Toward Multiculturalism | |
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Access: Equitable Hiring Principles Elude Media Employers | |
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Background: Film and Television Entertainment Industries to 2000 | |
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Film and Television Entertainment Employment in the New Century | |
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Background: Print and Broadcast News Media to 2000 | |
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Retaining Media Professionals of Color | |
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Newsroom Employment in the New Media Era | |
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Education and Training | |
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Other Training Programs | |
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21st-Century Discrimination Against...Whoom? | |
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Power and Positions: Gender and the Evening News | |
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Power, Perceptions, and Promotion: Dealing With Double Jeopardy | |
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"Reverse" Discrimination? | |
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Alternative Media | |
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Communication Before the Europeans | |
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Early Printing in America | |
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The First Latino Newspaper: El Misisip� in 1808 | |
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The First Black Newspaper: Freedom's Journal in 1827 | |
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The First Native American Newspaper: The Cherokee Phoenix in 1828 | |
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The First Asian Pacific American Newspaper: The Golden Hills' News in 1854 | |
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Similarities in the First Newspapers of People of Color | |
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The Future of Media By, For, and About People of Color | |
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Epilogue: Thoughts About the Future | |
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Suggested Readings | |
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Online Resources | |
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Index | |
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About the Authors | |