| |
| |
Preface | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
Introduction to Critical Thinking | |
| |
| |
Learning How You Think | |
| |
| |
Discovery Exercise | |
| |
| |
Experiencing How We Actually Think: An Exercise for the Whole Class to Complete Together | |
| |
| |
Learning from Sharing How We Think | |
| |
| |
What Is Critical Thinking? Relationship to Creative Thinking | |
| |
| |
Diagram: Different Functions of Left and Right Brain | |
| |
| |
Why Learn Critical Thinking? The Habits of a Critical Thinker | |
| |
| |
Box: Habits of a Critical Thinker | |
| |
| |
| |
Basics of Critical Thinking | |
| |
| |
| |
Observation Skills: What''s Out There? Discovery Exercises | |
| |
| |
Comparing Our Perceptions | |
| |
| |
What Is Observing? Observing a Cube | |
| |
| |
Observation and Insight | |
| |
| |
Using Observation Skills to Develop New Knowledge | |
| |
| |
Reading | |
| |
| |
Look at Your Fish, by Samuel H. Scudder | |
| |
| |
Core Discovery Writing Application | |
| |
| |
Observing the Familiar: Vegetables and Fruit | |
| |
| |
Evaluating Your Work by Using the Scoring Boxes | |
| |
| |
Alternate Core Discovery Writing Application | |
| |
| |
Observing the Unfamiliar: A Tool | |
| |
| |
The Observation Process: Sensing, Perceiving, Thinking | |
| |
| |
Barriers to Observation | |
| |
| |
How Discomfort Leads Us to Think | |
| |
| |
Diagram: A Choice for Thinking | |
| |
| |
The Rewards of Skilled Observation | |
| |
| |
Building Arguments | |
| |
| |
Observation Skills | |
| |
| |
Reading | |
| |
| |
The Innocent Eye | |
| |
| |
| |
Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
Chapter Quiz | |
| |
| |
Composition Writing Application | |
| |
| |
Survival as a Result of Observing: A Descriptive Narrative Essay | |
| |
| |
Readings: God Grew Tired of Us | |
| |
| |
| |
Walking | |
| |
| |
| |
Spanish Harlem at Night | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
Word Precision: How Do I Describe It? Discovery Exercise | |
| |
| |
On Finding the Right Word | |
| |
| |
Discovery Exercise | |
| |
| |
Taking an Interest in Dictionaries | |
| |
| |
How Well Do You Use Your Dictionary? Clear Thinking Depends on Clear Word Definitions | |
| |
| |
What Makes a Definition? Diagram: Definition Boundaries | |
| |
| |
Exercise | |
| |
| |
Word Boundaries | |
| |
| |
Kinds of Definitions | |
| |
| |
The Connotations of Words | |
| |
| |
The Importance of Defining Key Ideas | |
| |
| |
Word Concepts | |
| |
| |
Defining Reality | |
| |
| |
Defining Truth | |
| |
| |
What Is Critical Reading? Building Arguments | |
| |
| |
Word Choices | |
| |
| |
Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
Chapter Quiz | |
| |
| |
Composition Writing Application | |
| |
| |
A Short Essay of Definition | |
| |
| |
Box: Clustering | |
| |
| |
Readings | |
| |
| |
Rankism by Robert W. Fuller, Nerds by David Anderegg, Saved by Malcom X | |
| |
| |
Advanced Optional Writing Assignment | |
| |
| |
| |
Facts: What''s Real? Discovery Exercises | |
| |
| |
Beginning with the Word Fact | |
| |
| |
Learning to Recognize Facts | |
| |
| |
Verifying Facts | |
| |
| |
Facts and Reality | |
| |
| |
Facts Are Not Absolutes | |
| |
| |
Distinguishing Facts from Fiction | |
| |
| |
Feelings Can Be Facts | |
| |
| |
Facts and Social Pressure | |
| |
| |
Diagram: Standard and Comparison Lines in the Asch Experiment | |
| |
| |
Facts and Our Limited Senses | |
| |
| |
Reading | |
| |
| |
The Blind Men and the Elephant | |
| |
| |
Statements of Fact | |
| |
| |
Core Discovery Writing Application | |
| |
| |
Using a List of Facts to Describe a Photograph | |
| |
| |
Standards We Use to Determine Facts | |
| |
| |
Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
Chapter Quiz | |
| |
| |
Composition Writing Application | |
| |
| |
Writing a Short Fact-Finding Report | |
| |
| |
Readings: Our Daily Meds by Melody Peterson, Fast Food Nation by Eric Schlosser | |
| |
| |
Building Arguments | |
| |
| |
Advanced Optional Writing Assignment | |
| |
| |
| |
Inferences: What Follows? Discovery Exercise | |
| |
| |
Recognizing Inferential Thinking | |
| |
| |
Defining Infer, Understanding the Words Infer and Inference | |
| |
| |
Discovery Exercises | |
| |
| |
Drawing Inferences from Evidence | |
| |
| |
Drawing Inferences from Facts | |
| |
| |
Distinguishing Inferences from Facts | |
| |
| |
How Inferences Can Go Right and Wrong | |
| |
| |
Reading | |
| |
| |
The Adventure of the Speckled Band by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle | |
| |
| |
Drawing Inferences from Careful Observation | |
| |
| |
Core Discovery Writing Application | |
| |
| |
Using Facts and Inferences to Describe a Photograph | |
| |
| |
Generalizations Are Inferences | |
| |
| |
Composition Writing Application | |
| |
| |
Writing a Paragraph from Facts, Inferences, and Generalizations | |
| |
| |
Core Discovery Writing Application | |
| |
| |
Analyzing the Use of Facts and Inferences in a Newspaper Article | |
| |
| |
Reading | |
| |
| |
Tougher Grading Better for Students | |
| |
| |
Building Arguments:Inferences | |
| |
| |
Chapter Summary | |
| |
| |
Chapter Quiz | |
| |
| |
Readings | |
| |
| |
Friends by Tim O''Brien, He Fixes Radios by Thinking by Richard P Feynman, The Mistake of the Sand Flea by Paul Krafel | |
| |
| |
Objectives Review of | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
PROBLEMS OF CRITICAL | |