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| Preface | |
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| A Guide To Writing About Literature | |
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| Understanding Literature | |
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| Imaginative Literature | |
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| Conventional Themes | |
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| The Literary Canon | |
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| Luisa Valenzuela, All about Suicide | |
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| Wole Soyinka, Telephone Conversation | |
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| Interpreting Literature | |
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| Evaluating Literature | |
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| The Function of Literary Criticism | |
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| Checklist: Evaluating Literary Criticism | |
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| Reading and Writing About Literature | |
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| Reading Literature | |
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| Previewing | |
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| Highlighting | |
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| Checklist: Using Highlighting Symbols | |
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| Maya Angelou, My Arkansas | |
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| Annotating | |
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| Writing about Literature | |
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| Planning an Essay | |
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| Drafting an Essay | |
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| Revising and Editing an Essay | |
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| Checklist: Using Sources | |
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| Checklist: Conventions of Writing about Literature | |
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| Exercise: Two Student Papers | |
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| Student Paper: Initiation into Adulthood | |
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| Student Paper: Hard Choices | |
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| Writing Special Kinds of Papers | |
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| Writing a Comparison-Contrast Paper | |
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| Checklist: Writing a Comparison-Contrast Paper | |
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| Sample Student Paper: Comparing Two Fictional Characters | |
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| Student Paper: The Dangerous Consequences of Societal Limbo | |
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| Suggested Topics for Comparison-Contrast Papers | |
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| Writing an Explication | |
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| Checklist: Writing an Explication | |
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| Sample Student Paper: Explicating a Poem | |
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| Student Paper: A Lingering Doubt | |
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| Suggested Topics for Explication Papers | |
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| Writing a Character Analysis | |
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| Checklist: Writing a Character Analysis | |
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| Sample Student Paper: Analyzing a Character in a Play | |
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| Student Paper: Linda Loman: Breaking the Mold | |
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| Suggested Topics for Character Analysis Papers | |
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| Writing about a Work''s Historical Context | |
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| Checklist: Writing about a Work''s Historical Context | |
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| Sample Student Paper: Setting a Literary Work in Its Historical Context | |
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| Student Paper: Dreaming of Home | |
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| Suggested Topics for Historical Papers | |
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| Thinking Critically About Your Writing | |
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| Distinguishing Fact from Opinion | |
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| Evaluating Supporting Evidence | |
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| Detecting Bias in Your Writing | |
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| Understanding Logic | |
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| Inductive Reasoning | |
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| Deductive Reasoning | |
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| Toulmin Logic | |
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| Recognizing Logical Fallacies | |
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| Writing Literary Arguments | |
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| Planning a Literary Argument | |
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| Choosing a Debatable Topic | |
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| Developing an Argumentative Thesis | |
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| Defining Your Terms | |
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| Considering Your Audience | |
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| Refuting Opposing Arguments | |
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| Using Evidence Effectively | |
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| Supporting Your Literary Argument | |
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| Establishing Credibility | |
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| Being Fair | |
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| Using Visuals as Evidence | |
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| Organizing a Literary Argument | |
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| Writing a Literary Argument | |
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| Student Paper: The Politics of "Everyday Use" | |
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| Writing A Researchc Paper | |
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| Choosing a Topic | |
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| Doing Exploratory Research | |
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| Narrowing your Topic | |
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| Doing Focused Research | |
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| Library Research | |
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| Internet Research | |
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| Taking Notes | |
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| Integrating Sources | |
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| Drafting a Thesis Statement | |
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| Making an Outline | |
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| Writing your Paper | |
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| Sample Literature Paper with MLA Documentation | |
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| Student Paper: And Again She Makes the Journey: Character and Act in Eudora Welty''s "A Worn Path" | |
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| Avoiding Plagiarism and Documenting Sources | |
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| Avoiding Plagiarism | |
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| Document All Material That Requires Documentation | |
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| Enclose Borrowed Words in Quotation Marks | |
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| Do Not Imitate a Source''s Syntax and Phrasing | |
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| Differentiate Your Words from Those of Your Source | |
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| Checklist: Plagiarism and Internet Sources | |
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| Documenting Sources | |
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| Parenthetical References in the Text | |
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| Checklist: Guidelines for Punctuating Parenthetical References | |
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| The List of Works Cited | |
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| Content Notes | |
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| Writing Essay Exams About Literature | |
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| Planning an Essay Exam Answer | |
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| Review Your Material | |
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| Consider Your Audience and Purpose | |
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| Read through the Entire Exam | |
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| Read Each Question Carefully | |
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| Brainstorm to Find Ideas | |
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| Shaping an Essay Exam Answer | |
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| State Your Thesis | |
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| Make a Scratch Outline | |
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| Drafting and Revising an Essay Exam Answer | |
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| Sample Student Essay Exam Answer | |
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| Fiction | |
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| Understanding Fiction | |
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| Origins of Modern Fiction | |
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| The History of the Novel | |
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| The History of the Short Story | |
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| Defining the Short Story | |
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| Ernest Hemingway, Hills Like White Elephants | |
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| Recognizing Kinds of Fiction | |
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| Fiction Sampler: The Short-Short | |
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| Gary Gildner, Sleepy Time Gal | |
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| Jonathan Safran Foer, A Primer for the Punctuation of Hea | |