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| Preface | |
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| Beginning to See: A Sociological Core | |
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| The Making of Modernity and the Modern Way of Knowing | |
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| Institutions of Modernity | |
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| The Birth of Sociology: August Comte | |
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| Comte's Positivism | |
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| The Evolution of Knowledge | |
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| Theory | |
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| Advantages and Goals of Positivism | |
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| Seeing Society | |
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| Sociological Methods | |
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| Practicing Theory-A Summary | |
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| Building Your Theory Toolbox | |
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| Seeing Society for the First Time: Herbert Spencer | |
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| Theorist's Digest | |
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| The Sociological Imagination of Herbert Spencer | |
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| Spencer's Life | |
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| Spencer's Social World | |
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| Spencer's Sociological Imagination: Functionalism | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Social Evolution | |
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| The Social System | |
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| System Needs | |
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| Differentiation and Specialization | |
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| Types of Society | |
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| Regulatory Complexity | |
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| Industrial and Militaristic | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Social Institutions | |
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| Domestic Institutions | |
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| Ceremonial Institutions | |
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| Ecclesiastical Institutions | |
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| Thinking About Modernity and Postmodernity | |
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| Defining Postmodernity | |
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| Religion: A Postmodern Case in Point | |
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| Summary | |
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| Building Your Theory Toolbox | |
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| Class Inequality: Karl Marx | |
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| Theorist's Digest | |
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| The Sociological Imagination of Karl Marx | |
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| Marx's Life | |
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| Marx's Social World | |
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| Marx's Intellectual World | |
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| Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel | |
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| Ludwig Andreas von Feuerbach | |
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| Adam Smith | |
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| Marx's Sociological Imagination: Critical Conflict Theory | |
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| Human Nature | |
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| History-The Material Dialectic | |
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| Concepts and Theory: The Contradictions of Capitalism | |
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| Value and Exploitation | |
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| Industrialization, Markets, and Commodification | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Class Revolution | |
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| Class and Class Structure | |
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| Overproduction | |
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| Concepts and Theory: The Problem of Consciousness | |
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| Alienation, Private Property, and Commodity Fetish | |
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| False Consciousness and Religion | |
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| Class Consciousness | |
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| Thinking About Modernity and Postmodernity | |
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| Machines of Production and Consciousness | |
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| Machines of Reproduction and Schizophrenic Culture | |
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| Summary | |
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| Building Your Theory Toolbox | |
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| Diversity and Social Solidarity: �mile Durkheim | |
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| Theorist's Digest | |
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| The Sociological Imagination of �mile Durkheim | |
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| Durkheim's Life | |
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| Durkheim's Social World | |
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| Durkheim's Intellectual World | |
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| Montesquieu | |
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| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | |
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| Durkheim's Contribution to Functionalism | |
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| Durkheim's Sociological Imagination: Cultural Sociology | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Primal Society | |
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| Defining Religion | |
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| Creating a Sacred World | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Social Diversity and Moral Consensus | |
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| Mechanical and Organic Solidarity | |
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| The Division of Labor | |
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| The Problem With Modern Society | |
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| Organic Solidarity and Social Pathology | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Individualism | |
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| Suicide | |
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| The Cult of the Individual | |
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| Thinking About Modernity and Postmodernity | |
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| Grand Narratives, Doubt, and Civil Religion | |
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| Summary | |
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| Building Your Theory Toolbox | |
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| Rationality and Organization: Max Weber | |
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| Theorist's Digest | |
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| The Sociological Imagination of Max Weber | |
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| Weber's Life | |
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| Weber's Social World | |
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| Weber's Intellectual World | |
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| The Problems of Values and Meaning | |
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| Specific Methods: Ideal Types | |
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| Specific Methods: Verstehen | |
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| Weber's Sociological Imagination | |
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| Concepts and Theory: The Process of Rationalization | |
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| Types of Social Action | |
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| Concepts and Theory: The Evolution of Religion | |
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| From Magic to Religion | |
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| From Polytheism to Ethical Monotheism | |
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| Concepts and Theory: The Rise of Capitalism | |
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| The Religious Culture of Capitalism | |
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| Structural Influences on Capitalism | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Class, Authority, and Social Change | |
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| Class | |
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| Status and Party | |
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| Crosscutting Stratification | |
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| Authority and Social Change | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Rational-Legal Organization | |
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| Ideal-Type Bureaucracies | |
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| Effects of Bureaucratic Organization | |
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| Thinking About Modernity and Postmodernity | |
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| Summary | |
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| Building Your Theory Toolbox | |
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| Introduction: Another Sociological Core | |
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| The Modern Person: George Herbert Mead and Georg Simmel | |
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| George Herbert Mead-Symbolic Interaction | |
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| Theorist's Digest | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Truth, Meaning, and Action | |
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| Pragmatic Truth | |
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| Human Action | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Meaning and Interaction | |
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| Symbolic Interaction | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Making Yourself | |
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| The Mind | |
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| Stages of Role Taking | |
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| Self and Society | |
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| The I and the Me | |
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| Summary | |
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| Georg Simmel-Formal Sociology | |
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| Theorist's Digest | |
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| Concepts and Theory: The Individual in Society | |
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| Subjective and Objective Cultures | |
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| Concepts and Theory: The Self in the City | |
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| The Division of Labor | |
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| Money and Markets | |
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| Social Networks: Rational Versus Organic Group Membership | |
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| Summary | |
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| Thinking About Modernity and Postmodernity | |
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| Simulacrum and Hyperreality | |
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| Reflexivity and the Fragmenting of the Self | |
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| Fusing the I and the Me | |
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| Building Your Theory Toolbox | |
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| Seeing Gender: Harriett Martineau and Charlotte Perkins Gilman | |
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| Waves of Feminism | |
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| Harriet Martineau-Gender and Democracy | |
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| Theorist's Digest | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Observing Society | |
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| Morals and Manners | |
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| Preparing the Observer | |
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| Safeguarding Observations | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Gender and Democracy | |
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| Gender and Family | |
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| The Cultural Logic of Gender | |
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| Workforce Participation | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Religion, Education, and Democracy | |
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| Religious Forms | |
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| Religious Forms and Democracy | |
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| Conditions of Religion | |
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| Education and Freedom | |
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| Summary | |
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| Charlotte Perkins Gilman-The Evolution of Gender | |
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| Theorist's Digest | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Critical Evolution Theory | |
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| Functional Evolution | |
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| Adding Marx | |
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| Gynaecocentric Theory | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Dynamics of Social Evolution | |
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| Morbid Excess in Sex Distinction | |
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| Sexuo-Economic Effects | |
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| Summary | |
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| Building Your Theory Toolbox | |
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| Seeing Race: Frederick Douglass and W. E. B. Du Bois | |
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| Race Literature | |
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| Frederick Douglass-The American Discourse of Race | |
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| Theorist's Digest | |
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| Concepts and Theory: The Discourse of Slavery | |
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| Race as Other | |
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| Democracy and Universalism | |
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| Summary | |
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| W. E. B. Du Bois-The Culture of Race | |
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| Theorist's Digest | |
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| Concepts and Theory: The Experience of Oppression and Critical Knowledge | |
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| Standpoint of the Oppressed | |
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| Concepts and Theory: Cultural Oppression | |
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| Exclusion From History | |
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| Representation | |
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| Stereotypes and Slippery Slopes | |
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| Double Consciousness | |
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| Concepts and Theory: The Dark Nations and World Capitalism | |
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| The Need for Color | |
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| Summary | |
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| Gender and Race: Thinking About Modernity and Postmodernity | |
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| Modernity and Identity | |
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| The Postmodern Twist | |
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| Building Your Theory Toolbox | |
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| Seeing Ahead: Defining Moments in Twentieth Century Theory: Talcott Parsons and the Frankfurt School | |
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| Talcott Parsons: Defining Sociology | |
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| Parsons's Vision for the Social Sciences | |
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| Parsons's Theoretical Project | |
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| Parsons and the Problem of Social Order | |
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| Voluntaristic Action | |
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| Patterning Voluntaristic Action | |
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| The Frankfurt School: The Problem With Sociology | |
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| Historical Roots | |
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| The Problem With Positivism: Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno | |
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| Building Your Theory Toolbox | |
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| References | |
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| Photo Credits | |
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| Index | |
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| About the Author | |