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Introduction: Exploring Inner Space | |
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a Brave New World | |
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What Is Cognitive Science? | |
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Representation | |
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Computation | |
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The Interdisciplinary Perspective | |
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Interdisciplinary Crossroads: The Philosophy and Psychology of Mental Representation | |
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Summing Up: Review of Chapter 1 | |
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The Philosophical Approach: Enduring Questions | |
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What Is Philosophy? | |
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The Mind-Body Problem | |
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Monism | |
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Dualism | |
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Functionalism | |
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The Knowledge Acquisition Problem | |
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The Mystery of Consciousness | |
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Overall Evaluation of the Philosophical Approach | |
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Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Philosophy, Neuroscience and Binocular Rivalry | |
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Summing Up: Review of Chapter 2 | |
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The Psychological Approach: a Profusion of Theories | |
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What Is Psychology? | |
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Psychology and the Scientific Method | |
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Mental Atoms, Mental Molecules, and a Periodic Table of the Mind: The Voluntarist Movement | |
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Structuralism: What the Mind Is | |
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Functionalism: What the Mind Does | |
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The Whole Is Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts: Mental Physics and the Gestalt Movement | |
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Mini-Minds: Mechanism and Psychoanalytic Psychology | |
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Mind as a Black Box: The Behaviorist Approach | |
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Overall Evaluation of the Psychological Approach | |
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Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Gestalt Phenomenology, Experimental Psychology and Perceptual Grouping | |
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Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 3 | |
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The Cognitive Approach I: Vision, Pattern Recognition and Attention | |
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Some History First: The Rise of Cognitive Psychology | |
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The Cognitive Approach: Mind as an Information Processor | |
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Modularity of Mind | |
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Theories of Vision and Pattern Recognition | |
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Theories of Attention | |
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Evaluating the Model-Building Approach | |
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Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Computational Vision and Pattern Recognition | |
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Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 4 | |
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The Cognitive Approach II: Memory, Imagery, and Problem Solving | |
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Types of Memory | |
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Memory Models | |
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Visual Imagery | |
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Problem Solving | |
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Overall Evaluation of the Cognitive Approach | |
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Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Artificial Intelligence, Problem Solving and the SOAR Model | |
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Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 5 | |
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The Neuroscience Approach: Mind As Brain | |
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The Neuroscience Perspective | |
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Methodology in Neuroscience | |
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Modern Brain Imaging Methods | |
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Brain Stimulation Techniques | |
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The Small Picture: Neuron Anatomy and Physiology | |
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The Big Picture: Brain Anatomy | |
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The Neuroscience of Visual Object Recognition | |
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The Neuroscience of Attention | |
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Disorders of Attention | |
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The Neuroscience of Memory | |
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Neural Substrates of Working Memory | |
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Neural Substrates of Long-Term Memories | |
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The Neuroscience of Executive Function and Problem Solving | |
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Overall Evaluation of the Neuroscience Approach | |
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Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Perceptual Binding and Neural Synchrony | |
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Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 6 | |
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The Network Approach: Mind as a Web | |
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The Network Perspective | |
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Artificial Neural Networks | |
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Semantic Networks: Meaning in the Web | |
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Network Science | |
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Overall Evaluation of the Network Approach | |
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Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Emotions and Networks | |
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Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 7 | |
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The Evolutionary Approach: Change Over Time | |
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The Evolutionary View | |
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a Little Background: Natural Selection and Genetics | |
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Comparative Cognition | |
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Evolutionary Psychology | |
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Overall Evaluation of the Evolutionary Approach | |
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Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Evolutionary Processes and Artificial Life | |
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Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 8 | |
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The Linguistic Approach: Language and Cognitive Science | |
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The Linguistic Approach: The Importance of Language | |
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The Nature of Language | |
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Language Use in Primates | |
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Language Acquisition | |
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Language Deprivation | |
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Cognition and Linguistics: The Role of Grammar | |
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Neuroscience and Linguistics: The Wernicke-Geschwind Model | |
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Artificial Intelligence and Linguistics: Natural Language Processing | |
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Overall Evaluation of the Linguistic Approach | |
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Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Language, Philosophy and the Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis | |
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Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 9 | |
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The Emotional Approach: Mind as Emotion | |
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What is Emotion? | |
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Basic Emotions | |
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Theories of Emotion | |
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Hot and Cold: Emotion-Cognition Interactions | |
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Emotions and Neuroscience | |
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Emotions, Evolution and Psychological Disorders | |
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Emotions and Artificial Intelligence: Affective Computing | |
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Overall Evaluation of the Emotional Approach | |
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Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Emotion, Robotics and the Kisment Project | |
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Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 10 | |
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The Social Approach: Mind as Society | |
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Social Cognition | |
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Evolution and Social Cognition | |
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Attention and Social Cognition | |
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Social Cognitive Neuroscience | |
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Theory of Mind | |
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Other Social Cognitive Disorders | |
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Attitudes | |
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Impressions | |
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Attribution | |
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Stereotypes | |
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Prejudice | |
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Overall Evaluation of the Social Approach | |
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Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Game Theory and Prisoner���s Dilemma | |
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Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 11 | |
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The Artificial Intelligence (AI) Approach I: The Mind As Machine | |
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Cognitive Science from the AI Perspective | |
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Historical Precursors | |
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Universal Computation and Turing���s Contribution | |
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The Turing Test | |
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Evaluating the Work of Turing���s Universal Computing Machine | |
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Predictive Architectures and Their Physical Challenges | |
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Evaluating Machine Computational Limitations | |
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Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) | |
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Evolutionary Computing | |
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Evaluation of Evolutionary Computing and Artificial General Intelligence | |
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Agent-Based Architectures | |
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Multiagent Systems | |
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Overall Evaluation of the Computer as a Model of Brain Organization | |
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Interdisciplinary Cross-Roads*fill in later | |
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Artificial Intelligence II: Embodiments and Robotics | |
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Introduction | |
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The IA Paradigm | |
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Why Biology is Important | |
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Modeling Aspects of Biological Systems | |
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Abstracting General Principles of IAs | |
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Embodiment and situational aspects of intelligent behavior | |
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Relationships between elements of the IA system (structure) and the environment | |
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Applying the principles to the design of IAs | |
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Cognitive Models of IAs | |
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Deep Blue and the Chess Master | |
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Can an IA �ǣlearnï¿½Ç to play a winning game without knowing anything about the game? | |
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Expert Systems ��� a culminating �ǣtop-downï¿½Ç example | |
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Why Not Build a Brain ��� the Blue Brain Project | |
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Robotic Embodiments ��� Ultimate IAs | |
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Defining a robotic embodiment | |
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The IA Embodiment Paradigm Explored | |
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Robotic Architectures | |
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Hierarchical Architectures | |
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Reactive Architectures | |
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The Hybrid Deliberative/Reactive Paradigm | |
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Biological and Social Influences on Robots | |
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Swarming ��� what animals can teach us. | |
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Robotic Simulation | |
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Overall Evaluation of an IA Embodiment | |
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Interdisciplinary Cross-Roads: Where Biology Meets Technology | |
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Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 13 | |
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Conclusion: Where We Go From Here | |
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The Benefits of Cognitive Science | |
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Issues in Cognitive Science | |
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The Dynamical Systems Approach | |
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Dynamical Representation | |
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Dynamical vs. Classical Cognitive Science | |
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Evaluating the Dynamical Perspective | |
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Integrating Cognitive Science | |
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The Future | |
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Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Multiple Approaches to Levels of Explanation in Cognitive Science | |
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Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 14 | |