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| List of Figures | |
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| Preface to the Second Edition | |
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| Preface to the First Edition | |
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| List of Abbreviations | |
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| History, Historiography, and Interpretations of the Reformations | |
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| History and Historiography | |
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| Interpretations of the Reformations | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| The Late Middle Ages: Threshold and Foothold of the Reformations | |
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| Agrarian Crisis, Famine, and Plague | |
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| Towns and Cities: Loci of Ideas and Change | |
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| The Printing Press of Mines and Militancy | |
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| Social Tensions | |
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| The Crisis of Values | |
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| The western schism | |
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| Conciliarism | |
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| Anticlericalism and the Renaissance Papacy | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| Electronic resources | |
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| The Dawn of a New Era | |
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| Martin Luther (1483-1546) | |
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| Theological and Pastoral Responses to Insecurity | |
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| Theological Implications | |
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| Indulgences: The Purchase of Paradise | |
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| The Squeaky Mouse | |
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| Politics and Piety | |
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| From the Diet of Worms to the Land of the Birds | |
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| The diet of Worms | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| Electronic resources | |
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| Wait for No One: Implementation of Reforms in Wittenberg | |
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| In the Land of the Birds | |
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| Melanchthon: Teacher of Germany | |
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| Karlstadt and Proto-Puritanism | |
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| Bishops, Clerical Marriage, and Strategies for Reform | |
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| The Gospel and Social Order | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| Fruits of the Fig Tree: Social Welfare and Education | |
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| Late Medieval Poor Relief | |
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| Beyond Charity | |
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| The Institutionalization of Social Welfare | |
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| Bugenhagen and the Spread of Evangelical Social Welfare | |
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| Education for Service to God and Service to the Neighbor | |
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| The Catechisms and Christian Vocation | |
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| Was the Early Reformation a Failure? | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| The Reformation of the Common Man | |
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| "Brother Andy" | |
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| Thomas M&turnedalpha;ntzer | |
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| M&turnedalpha;ntzers Origins and Theology | |
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| M&turnedalpha;ntzers Historical Development | |
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| On to the Land of Hus | |
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| The Revolution of the Common Man, 1524-1526 | |
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| The Role of Anticlericalism | |
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| Luther and the Peasants' War | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| The Swiss Connection: Zwingli and the Reformation in Zurich | |
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| The Affair of the Sausages | |
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| Zwinglis Beginnings | |
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| Magistracy and Church in Zurich | |
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| Zwinglis Reform Program | |
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| Excursus: Medieval Sacramental Theology | |
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| The Marburg Colloquy, 1529 | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| The Sheep against the Shepherds: The Radical Reformations | |
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| The Anabaptists | |
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| Excursus: Reformation Understandings of Baptism | |
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| Zurich Beginnings | |
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| Anabaptist Multiplicity | |
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| The M&turnedalpha;nster Debacle | |
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| The Subversive Piety of the Spiritualists | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| Augsburg 1530 to Augsburg 1555: Reforms and Politics | |
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| The Trail of Worms | |
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| The Diet of Worms | |
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| The Diet of Speyer, 1526 | |
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| The Diet of Speyer, 1529 | |
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| The Diet of Augsburg, 1530, and the Augsburg Confession | |
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| The Right of Resistance to the Emperor | |
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| Reformation Ecumenism, War, and the Peace of Augsburg | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| "The Most Perfect School of Christ": The Genevan Reformation | |
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| John Calvin (1509-1564) | |
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| Journey to Geneva | |
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| The Reformation in Geneva | |
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| Sojourn in Strasbourg | |
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| Geneva under Calvin, 1541-1564 | |
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| Calvins Consolidation of his Authority | |
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| The Servetus Case | |
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| Protestant Mission and Evangelism: The "International Conspiracy" | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| Refuge in the Shadow of Gods Wings: The Reformation in France | |
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| The Shield of Humanism | |
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| Evangelical Progress and Persecution | |
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| Calvin's Influence in France | |
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| The Colloquy of Poissy, 1561 | |
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| The Wars of Religion, 1562-1598 | |
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| The St Bartholomews Day Massacre | |
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| "Paris is Worth a Mass" | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| The Blood of the Martyrs: The Reformation in the Netherlands | |
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| "La secte Lutheriane" | |
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| Dissident Movements | |
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| The Rise of Calvinism and the Spanish Reaction | |
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| A Godly Society? | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| The Reformations in England and Scotland | |
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| Anticlericalism and Lutheran Beginnings | |
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| The Kings Great Matter | |
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| Passions, Politics, and Piety | |
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| Edward VI and Protestant Progress | |
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| Mary Tudor and Protestant Regress | |
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| Elizabeth I and the Via Media | |
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| Mary Stuart (1542-1587) and the Reformation in Scotland | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| Catholic Renewal and the Counter-Reformation | |
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| Late Medieval Renewal Movements | |
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| The Index and the Inquisition | |
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| Loyola and the Society of Jesus | |
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| The Council of Trent, 1545-1563 | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| Electronic resources | |
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| Legacies of the Reformations | |
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| Confessionalization | |
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| Politics | |
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| Culture | |
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| The Reformations and Women | |
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| Toleration and the "Other" | |
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| Economics, Education, and Science | |
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| Literature and the Arts | |
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| Back to the Future: The Reformations and Modernity | |
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| Suggestions for Further Reading | |
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| Electronic resources | |
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| Chronology | |
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| Genealogies | |
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| The House of Valois and Bourbon, to 1610 | |
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| The family of Charles V | |
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| The English crown, 1485-1603 | |
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| Ottoman sultans, 1451-1648 | |
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| Popes, 1492-1605 | |
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| Maps | |
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| Europe about 1500 | |
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| Germany at the time of the Reformations | |
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| The Empire of Charles V | |
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| The Ottoman Empire | |
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| The Portuguese and Spanish overseas empires | |
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| Religious divisions in Europe about 1600 | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Appendix: Aids to Reformation Studies | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |