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| Preface | |
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| What is the Proper Suject-Matter of Moral Philosophy? A Brief Overview of Environmental Ethics | |
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| Why Study Environmental Ethics? | |
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| Essays by | |
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| What is Anthropocentrism? | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Humans as Moral Ends: Saint Thomas Aquinas from Summa Contra Gentiles | |
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| The Mastery of Nature: Francis Bacon from The Great Instauration | |
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| Nonhumans as Machines: Rene Descartes from Discourse on the Method | |
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| The Amoral Status of Nature: John Stuart Mill from �Nature" | |
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| Nature as Economic Resource: John Locke from �Of Property" | |
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| Indirect Duties to Nonhumans: Immanuel Kant from Lectures on Ethics | |
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| Mechanistic Metaphysics: Isaac Newton from Opticks | |
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| In Defense of Anthropocentrism: Wilfred Beckerman and Joanna Pasek from Justice, Posterity, and the Environment | |
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| What is Nonanthropocentrism? | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Walking: Henry David Thoreau from Excursions | |
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| The Wild Parks and Forest Reservations of the West: John Muir from Our National Parks and The Yosemite | |
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| Is There a Need for a New, an Environmental, Ethic?: Richard Routley from Proceedings of teh XVth World Congress of Philosophy | |
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| Attitudes to Nature: John Passmore from Nature and Conduct | |
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| Should Trees Have Standing?: Christopher D. Stone from the Southern California Law Review Vol. 45 | |
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| The Varieties of Intrinsic Value: John O'Neill from The Monist Vol. 75 | |
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| Value in Nature and the Nature of Value: Holmes Rolston | |
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| The End of Anthropocentrism?: Mary Midgley from Philosophy and the Natural Environment | |
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| Is the Crown of Creation a Dunce Cap?: Chip Ward | |
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| What is the Scope of Moral Considerability? | |
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| Introduction | |
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| All Animals are Equal: Peter Singer from Philosophical Exchange vol. 1 | |
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| The Case for Animal Rights: Tom Reagan from In Defense of Animals and �Animal Rights, Human Wrongs" | |
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| On Being Morally Considerable: Kenneth E. Goodpaster from The Journal of Philosophy | |
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| The Ethics of Respect for Nature: Paul W. Taylor from Environmental Ethics vol. 3 | |
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| The Shallow and the Deep, Long-Range Ecology Movement: Arne Naess from Inquiry vol. 16 | |
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| The Heart of Deep Ecology: Tom McLaughlin from Deep Ecology for the Twenty-First Century | |
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| The Deep Ecology Movement: Arne Naess from Philisophical Inquiry vol. VIII | |
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| Transpersonal Ecology as a Distinctive Approach to Ecophilosophy: Warwick Fox from Toward a Transpersonal Ecology | |
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| The Land Ethic: Aldo Leopold from A Sand County Almanac | |
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| Conceptual Foundations of the Land Ethic: J. Baird Callicott from In Defense of the Land Ethic | |
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| Gaia As Seen Through the Atmosphere: James Lovelock from Atmospheric Environment vol. 6 | |
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| Kantians and Utilitarians and the Moral Status of Nonhuman Life: James P. Sterba from The Triumph of Practice Over Theory in Ethics | |
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| Persons in Nature: Frederick Ferr� from Ethics in teh Environment vol. 1 | |
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| General Ethics: Fox from Developing a General Ethics: An Introduction to the Theory of Responsive Cohesion | |
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| What are Prominent Alternatives to Grounding Environmental Ethics in Moral Extensionism? | |
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| Introduction | |
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| What is Social Ecology?: Murray Bookchin from Environmental Philosophy: From Animal Rights to Radical Ecology | |
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| Socialism and Ecology: James O'Connor from Capitalism, Nature, Socialism vol. 2 | |
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| The Power and Promise of Ecological Feminism: Karen J. Warren from Environmental Ethics vol. 12 | |
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| Ecofeminism and Feminist Theory: Carolyn Merchant from Reweaving the World: The Emergence of Ecofeminism and Feminism and the Philosophy of Nature: Carolyn Merchant from The Death of Nature | |
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| Nature, Self, and Gender: A Critique of Rationalism: Val Plumwood from Hypatia vol. 6 | |
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| Environmental Virtue Ethics: Sandler from Environmental Virtue Ethics | |
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| Continental Environmental Ethics: Vogel, �Nature as Origin and Difference" | |
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| Beyond Intrinsic Value: Pragmatism in Environmental Ethics: Anthony Weston from Environmental Ethics vol. 7 | |
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| The Case For a Practical Pluralism: Andrew Light from Environmental Ethics | |
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| Earth First!: David Foreman The Progressive vol. 45 | |
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| The Ethics of Ecological Sabotage: An Exchange from Environmental vol. 4 | |
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| �Ecological Sabotage: Pranks or Terrorism?": Hargrove | |
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| �Earth First! and the Monkey Wrench Gang": Edward Abbey | |
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| �More on Earth First! and The Monkey Wrench Gang": David Foreman | |
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| Response: Hargrove | |
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| What are the Connections Between Nature, Culture, Subjectivity, Technology, and Environmental Ethics? | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Subjectivist Environmental Ethics: Elliot from Meta-Ethics and Environmental Ethics | |
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| How to Construe Nature: Roger J. H. King from Between the Species | |
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| The Trouble with Wilderness: William Cronon | |
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| Ecological Realism: Shepard from �Virtually Hunting Reality in the Forests of Simulacra" | |
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| Environmental Ethics and the Philosophy of Technology: Rothenberg from Hand's End | |
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| What is the Use of Ecological Science For Environmental Ethics? | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Ecology-A Subversive Subject: Paul B. Sears | |
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| What is Conservation Biology?: Michael E. Soul� from BioScience vol. 35 | |
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| Environmental Ethics and Ecological Science: Mark Sagoff from Environmental Ethics and International Policy | |
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| The Metaphysical Implications of Ecology: J. Baird Callicott from Environmental Ethics vol. 7 | |
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| The Ends of the World as We Know Them: Jared Diamond from The New York Times | |
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| What are Some of the Ethical Dimensions of Environmental Public Policy? | |
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| Introduction | |
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| An Essay on the Principle of Population: Thomas Malthus | |
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| The Tragedy of the Commons: Garrett Hardin from Science vol. 162 and Ethical Implications of Carrying Capacity: Garrett Hardin from Managing the Commons and The Immorality of Being Softhearted: Garrett Hardin from The Relevant Scientist | |
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| Impact of Population Growth: Paul R. Ehrlich and John P. Holdren from Science vol. 171 | |
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| How Poverty Breeds Overpopulation: Barry Commoner from Ramparts vol. 13 | |
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| More People, Greater Wealth, More Resources, Healthier Environment: Julian L. Simon from Economic Affairs | |
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| Population: Delusion and Reality: Amartya Sen from The New York Review of Books | |
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| A Special Moment in History: The Future of Population: Bill McKibben from The Atlantic Monthly | |
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| Nature as the Measure for a Sustainable Agriculture: Wes Jackson from Ecology, Economics, Ethics- The Broken Circle | |
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| Putting Food Production in Context: Toward a Postmechanistic Agricultural Ethic: David R. Keller and E. Charles Brummer from BioScience vol. 52 | |
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| Environmental Justice for All: Robert D. Bullard from Unequal Protection | |
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| Just Garbage: Peter S. Wenz from Faces of Environmental Racism | |
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| A Declaration of Sustainability: Paul Hawken from the UTNE Reader | |
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| Steady-State Economy: Herman E. Daly from Valuing the Earth | |
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| The Triple-Bottom Line: John Elkington from Cannibals with Forks: The Triple Bottom Line of the 21st Century Business | |
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| The Ignorance Argument: Bryan Norton from Economics, Ethics, and Environmental Policy | |
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| Environmental Justice and Intergenerational Debt: Clark Wolf from Blackwell Companion to Environmental Philosophy | |
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| The Environmental Limits to Globalization: David Ehrenfeld from Conservation Biology vol. 19 | |
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| What is the Future of Environmental Ethics? | |
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| The Future of Environmental Ethics: Holmes Rolston III | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |