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| Preface | |
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| Basic genetics | |
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| Chromosomes | |
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| Meiosis and mitosis | |
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| The biochemistry of inheritance | |
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| What is a gene? | |
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| Gene regulation | |
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| Mutation | |
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| Genes, alleles, and loci | |
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| Simple or Mendelian inheritance | |
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| Linkage | |
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| Inactivation | |
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| Types of DNA | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Banded karyotypes of domestic species | |
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| Molecular biology | |
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| Restriction enzymes | |
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| Recombinant DNA and DNA cloning | |
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| Complementary DNA | |
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| DNA sequencing | |
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| Polymerase chain reaction | |
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| Southern analysis and related technologies | |
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| DNA expression microarrays | |
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| The detection of variation in base sequence | |
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| Veterinary diagnosis | |
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| Variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR), DNA fingerprints, and microsatellites | |
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| Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) | |
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| Copy number variation (CNV) | |
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| Gene mapping | |
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| Whole-genome sequence assembly | |
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| Production of polypeptide from cloned DNA | |
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| Transgenesis | |
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| Antisense technology | |
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| RNA interference | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Single-gene disorders | |
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| Inborn errors of metabolism | |
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| Sex-limited inheritance | |
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| Genetic heterogeneity of disease | |
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| Type of gene action and type of disease | |
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| Phenocopies | |
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| A sample of single-gene disorders | |
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| A revolution in mapping and identifying the causal mutation of single-gene disorders | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| A sample of single-gene traits that have been characterized at the molecular level | |
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| Chromosomal aberrations | |
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| Abnormal chromosome number | |
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| Abnormal chromosome structure | |
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| Chromosomal aberrations in cancer | |
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| Evolution of karyotypes | |
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| Interspecific hybridization | |
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| Freemartins | |
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| Biological basis of sex | |
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| Classification of intersex 116 | |
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| A sample of chromosomal aberrations | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| A sample of chromosomal aberrations in animals | |
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| Single genes in populations | |
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| Gene and genotype frequencies | |
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| Random mating | |
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| The Hardy-Weinberg law | |
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| Extensions to the Hardy-Weinberg law | |
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| Selection and mutation | |
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| Genetic drift and the founder effect | |
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| Extending population genetics to more than one locus | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Familial disorders not due to a single gene | |
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| Liability and threshold | |
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| The multifactorial model | |
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| More than one threshold | |
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| Some final points | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Is it inherited? | |
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| General evidence for a genetic aetiology | |
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| The four types of simple, Mendelian inheritance | |
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| Studying and analysing the data | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Immunogenetics | |
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| Antibodies | |
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| Red-cell antigens | |
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| The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Pharmacogenetics | |
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| Genetic polymorphisms affecting drug metabolism | |
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| Genetics and anaesthesia | |
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| Warfarin resistance | |
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| Multifactorial pharmacogenetics | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Hosts, parasites, and pathogens | |
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| Host-pathogen interactions | |
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| Resistance in hosts | |
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| Resistance in parasites and pathogens | |
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| Control of parasites and pathogens | |
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| Increasing the level of resistance in hosts | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Single genes in animal breeding | |
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| Coat colour | |
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| Examples of coat-colour genes | |
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| Carpet wool | |
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| Prolificacy in sheep | |
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| Polledness | |
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| Muscular hypertrophy in cattle and sheep | |
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| Dwarf poultry | |
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| Genes for sexing chickens | |
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| Pedigree checking | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Relationship and inbreeding | |
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| The inbreeding coefficient | |
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| Relationship | |
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| The inbreeding coefficient revisited | |
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| A general expression for relationship and inbreeding | |
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| The base population | |
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| Inbreeding in populations | |
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| Inbreeding depression | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Quantitative variation | |
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| Quantitative traits | |
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| The performance of an individual animal | |
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| The differences between animals | |
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| Heritability | |
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| Correlations between traits | |
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| Quantitative trait loci (QTL) | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Selection between populations | |
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| Comparison between populations | |
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| Genotype-environment interaction | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Selection within populations | |
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| Estimated breeding values and accuracy of selection | |
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| Clues to a candidates breeding value for a trait | |
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| Combining clues from more than one source | |
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| Best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) | |
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| Correlated traits | |
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| Selection for more than one trait | |
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| The importance of inbreeding and genetic drift | |
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| Sire-reference schemes | |
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| Marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genome-wide selection (GWS) | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Breed structure | |
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| The traditional pyramid | |
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| Closed-nucleus breeding schemes | |
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| Open-nucleus breeding schemes | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Crossing | |
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| Regular crossing | |
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| Crossing to produce a synthetic | |
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| Grading-up | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Selection and regular crossing | |
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| Selection | |
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| Selection and regular crossing | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Biotechnology and the future | |
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| Artificial insemination (AI) | |
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| Multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) | |
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| In vitro | |
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| maturation (IVM) and in vitro | |
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| fertilization (IVF) of ova | |
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| Control of sex ratio | |
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| Recombinant proteins | |
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| Transgenesis | |
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| Animal cloning | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Conservation genetics | |
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| Measurement of genetic diversity within populations | |
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| Measurement of genetic diversity among populations | |
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| Importance of genetic diversity | |
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| Loss of genetic diversity | |
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| Conservation of genetic diversity | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Genetic and environmental control of inherited disorders | |
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| Environmental control of inherited disorders | |
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| Genetic control of single-gene disorders | |
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| Gene therapy | |
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| Genetic control of multifactorial disorders | |
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| Genetic control some final points | |
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| Crossing: thinking outside the square | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Index | |