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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Introduction to Logistics | |
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| Logistics: The Historical Perspective | |
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| Logistics: The Modern Perspective | |
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| Components of a logistics system | |
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| The role of logistics in the organization | |
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| Logistics as a Source of Competitive Advantage | |
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| Why Is Management Interest in Logistics Growing? | |
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| Trends in global trade | |
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| Customers are demanding greater value | |
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| Transportation privatization and liberalization | |
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| Transportation security | |
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| Environmental concerns | |
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| Changing view of inventory | |
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| Continuing advances in information technology | |
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| Electronic commerce | |
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| Logistics in the Global Organization | |
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| Conceptual Model and Statement of Purpose | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Logistics in the Organization | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Marketing/Logistics Partnership | |
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| Marketing and Logistics Channels | |
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| Alternative channel structures | |
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| Why do channels develop? | |
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| Channel flows | |
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| Designing effective channels | |
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| Environmental Issues | |
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| Marketing Issues | |
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| Channel management issues | |
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| Formal and informal channel relationships | |
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| Domestic versus global channels | |
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| Future trends in channel structures | |
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| Managing the Logistics System | |
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| Tradeoff Analysis | |
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| Enhancing Corporate Profitability with Logistics | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Customer Service | |
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| Introduction | |
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| What Is Customer Service? | |
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| Elements of Customer Service | |
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| Customer Service in a Global Setting | |
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| How Much Service Should Be Offered? | |
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| Barriers to Quality Customer Service | |
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| Controllable factors | |
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| Uncontrollable factors | |
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| Improving Customer Service Performance | |
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| The Consequences of Poor Customer Service | |
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| Improving Customer Service in Comparison to its Costs | |
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| Customer Service and the Internal Customer | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Inventory Management | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Inventory and Customer Service | |
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| Purposes of Inventory | |
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| Types of Inventory | |
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| Objectives of Inventory Management | |
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| Inventory costs | |
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| Managing inventory costs | |
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| Classic Inventory Models | |
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| Economic order quantity (EOQ) model | |
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| Modifications to the basic EOQ model | |
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| Model limitations | |
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| Fixed order point/fixed order quantity model | |
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| Fixed order interval model | |
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| Safety stock requirements | |
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| Inventory Management: Signs of Trouble | |
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| Improving Inventory Management | |
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| Materials Requirements Planning (MRP) | |
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| Distribution Resource Planning (DRP) | |
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| Just-In-Time (JIT) Inventory Management | |
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| Basic tenets of JIT | |
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| Advantages of JIT | |
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| Disadvantages of JIT | |
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| JIT II/vendor managed inventory (VMI) | |
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| The reality of JIT | |
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| Integrated Inventory Management: DRP, MRP, and JIT | |
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| Inventory Management in a Global Market | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Global Transportation Systems | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Five Modes of Transportation | |
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| Rail | |
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| Road transport | |
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| Pipelines | |
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| Air | |
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| Water carriage | |
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| Deregulation and Privatization of Transportation | |
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| Deregulation | |
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| Privatization | |
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| Future directions | |
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| Government's Role in Transportation | |
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| Direct control and regulation of transport firms | |
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| Provision of transport infrastructure | |
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| Promulgating and enforcing environmental, safety, and security laws | |
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| Transportation Security | |
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| Intermodal Transportation | |
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| Rail | |
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| Ocean transport | |
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| Air | |
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| Motor transport | |
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| Infrastructure issues | |
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| Concluding comments | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Transportation Management Issues | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Developing Win/Win Shipper/Carrier Relationships | |
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| Transport Pricing | |
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| Market structure models | |
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| Relevant market area | |
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| Shipper demand | |
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| Carrier costs | |
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| Pricing in Practice | |
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| Price negotiation: the carrier's perspective | |
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| Price negotiation: the shipper's perspective | |
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| Private Transportation | |
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| Other Issues Affecting Transportation Cost and Service | |
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| Infrastructure availability and condition | |
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| Environmental and quality of life issues | |
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| Customs and cargo security | |
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| Carrier safety | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Warehousing | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Strategic Role of Warehousing in Logistics | |
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| Functions of Warehousing | |
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| Warehouse Roles | |
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| Warehouse Location Issues | |
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| Centralized versus decentralized warehouses | |
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| Selecting specific sites | |
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| Warehousing Alternatives | |
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| Private warehousing | |
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| Contract warehousing | |
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| Public warehouses | |
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| Warehousing Strategies | |
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| Warehousing Concerns in Overseas Markets | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Materials Handling and Packaging | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Basic Warehouse Design | |
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| Manual Versus Automated Materials Handling Systems | |
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| Manual warehouses | |
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| Automated warehouses | |
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| Manual versus automated: making the choice | |
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| Trends in Materials Handling | |
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| Reliability | |
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| Total integration | |
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| Flexibility and modularity | |
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| Upgradeability | |
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| Automated identification | |
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| Ease of use | |
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| Maintainability | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Product Packaging | |
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| Types of packaging | |
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| Organizational influences on packaging | |
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| The role of packaging | |
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| Logistics packaging materials | |
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| Environmental issues | |
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| Packaging for global markets | |
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| Bar coding | |
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| Developments in packaging | |
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| Tradeoffs with other components of the logistics system | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Managing Logistics Information | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Order Processing System | |
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| Logistics Information Systems | |
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| Environmental scanning | |
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| LIS and information management | |
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| Forecasting Methods | |
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| Qualitative forecasts | |
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| Time-series methods | |
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| Causal methods | |
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| Forecasting logistics needs | |
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| Selecting the right forecasting technique | |
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| Using Information to Link a Global Logistics System Together | |
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| Electronic data interchange (EDI) | |
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| Impediments to global implementation of EDI procedures | |
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| Developments in Logistics Information Systems | |
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| The Internet and electronic commerce | |
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| Open-systems computer networks | |
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| Wireless communication | |
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| Multidimensional bar codes | |
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| Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology | |
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| Other advances in communications | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Inbound Logistics and Purchasing | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Growing Importance of Inbound Logistics | |
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| Inbound Logistics Activities | |
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| Customer service | |
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| Transportation | |
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| Inventory management | |
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| Warehousing and storage | |
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| Maintenance | |
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| Information management | |
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| Salvage and waste disposal | |
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| Production | |
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| Summary | |
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| Purchasing | |
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| Goals of purchasing | |
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| Purchasing tasks | |
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| Improving purchasing productivity | |
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| Organize for enhanced productivity | |
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| Management Techniques for Improving Materials Management | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| The Global Logistics Environment | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Global Supply Chain | |
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| Changing Market Opportunities | |
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| Emerging nations | |
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| Multilateral trade organizations | |
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| Global sourcing | |
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| Cultural Issues in Logistics | |
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| Alternative Global Distribution Strategies | |
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| International Documentation | |
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| Customs Regulations | |
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| Foreign Trade Zones | |
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| Logistics Intermediaries and Facilitators | |
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| Third-Party Logistics Providers | |
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| Controlling the Global Logistics System | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Logistics Strategies | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Corporate Strategic Planning | |
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| Formulating Logistics Strategy | |
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| Integrating the Logistics Channel | |
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| Implementing Logistics Strategies | |
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| Centralization of logistics activities versus decentralization | |
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| Third-party service providers | |
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| Logistics strategy and improved corporate performance | |
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| Future Issues That Will Affect Logistics | |
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| Implications for Logistics Managers | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Developing High-Quality Logistics Systems | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Basic Quality Concepts: The Internal Perspective | |
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| Leadership | |
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| Cooperation | |
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| Learning | |
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| Process management | |
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| Employee outcomes | |
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| Organizational performances | |
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| Basic Quality Concepts: The External View | |
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| The Service Quality Model | |
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| Total Quality Management (TQM) in Logistics | |
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| Developing a Formal Quality Process | |
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| Quality Process Success Factors for Logistics Management | |
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| ISO 9001:2000 The International Quality Standard | |
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| The Cost of Quality | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Improving Logistics Performance | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Improving Organizational Performance | |
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| Continuous and breakthrough improvements | |
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| Basic Tools for Improving Logistics Performance | |
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| Process analysis tools | |
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| Statistical analysis tools | |
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| Benchmarking | |
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| Activity-based costing | |
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| Effecting Meaningful Change | |
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| Logistics service quality | |
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| Productivity | |
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| Process effectiveness | |
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| Impediments to Improved Logistics Performance | |
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| Failure to adopt the customer's viewpoint | |
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| Lack of requisite cost data | |
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| Lack of broad-based management skills | |
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| Failure to think of logistics as a system | |
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| Need for cultural change within the organization | |
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| Creating a World-Class Logistics System | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Organizing for Logistics Effectiveness | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Overview of Logistics Organizations | |
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| Building an Effective Logistics Organization | |
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| Centralization | |
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| Scope of responsibility/span of control | |
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| Formalization | |
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| Integration | |
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| The Role of Logistics in the Firm | |
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| Inter-organizational effectiveness | |
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| Variables Influencing Organizational Structure | |
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| Organization size | |
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| Corporate structure | |
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| Corporate strategy | |
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| The importance of logistics | |
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| Corporate information technology | |
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| Environmental uncertainty | |
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| Environmental heterogeneity | |
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| Summary | |
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| Reconciling Intra- and Inter-Organizational Issues | |
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| Moving Towards the "Best" Organizational Structure | |
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| Chapter Summary | |
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| Study Questions | |
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| Index | |