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ISBN-10: 1155258479
ISBN-13: 9781155258478
Edition: N/A
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Description:
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 35. Chapters: Oswald Avery, Barbara McClintock, Hans Adolf Krebs, Frank Macfarlane Burnet, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi, Karl Friedrich Meyer, Michael Heidelberger, George Wald, Selman Waksman, Carl Ferdinand Cori, Earl Wilbur Sutherland, Jr., Alfred Hershey, Rene Dubos, George Wells Beadle, Thomas Francis, Jr., Francis Peyton Rous, John Franklin Enders, Susumu Tonegawa, Bernard Brodie, Vincent du Vigneaud, Karl Paul Link, Andre Frederic Cournand, Ralph M. Steinman, Jack L. Strominger, Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat, Theodore Puck, Yoshio Masui, Homer Smith, Clay Armstrong,… Edwin B. Astwood. Excerpt: Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet, (3 September 1899 - 31 August 1985), usually known as Macfarlane or Mac Burnet, was an Australian virologist best known for his contributions to immunology. Burnet received his Doctor of Medicine degree from the University of Melbourne in 1924, and his PhD from the University of London in 1928. He went on to conduct pioneering research on bacteriophages and viruses at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, and served as director of the Institute from 1944 to 1965, having been groomed for a leadership role by his predecessor Charles Kellaway. His virology research resulted in significant discoveries concerning the nature and replication of viruses and their interaction with the immune system, although his attempt to create a live influenza vaccine during World War II was not successful. From the mid-1950s, he worked extensively in immunology and was a major contributor to the theory of clonal selection, which explains how lymphocytes target antigens for destruction. Burnet and Peter Medawar were co-recipients of the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for demonstrating acquired immune tolerance. This research provided the experimental basis for inducing immune tolerance, the platform for developing ubiquito...