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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Police Are the Law | |
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| Justice: A Preliminary Discussion | |
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| Discretionary Decision Making | |
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| The Need for Ethics Study by the Police | |
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| The Traditional Academy Approach | |
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| A Positive Approach | |
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| The Intellectual Capabilities of Today's Officer | |
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| Police Professionalism | |
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| A Preliminary Definition | |
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| Competence and Professionalism | |
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| An Introductory Note about Police Misconduct | |
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| Who Was Dirty Harry? | |
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| Noble Cause Corruption | |
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| Support for Harry | |
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| Our Ethical Perspective | |
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| Ethical Formalism | |
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| Utilitarianism | |
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| An Ethic to Live By | |
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| The Organization of the Book | |
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| A Final Note | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| The Setting | |
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| Police Professionalism | |
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| The History of Police Professionalism | |
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| Today's Professionalism | |
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| Systematized Knowledge | |
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| Education | |
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| Self-Regulation | |
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| Self-Disciplining | |
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| Problem Solving | |
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| Muir's Professional | |
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| Passion | |
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| Perspective | |
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| Analysis | |
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| Summary | |
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| .Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| The Nature of Police Work | |
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| The Nature of Paradoxes | |
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| An Initial Administrative Paradox | |
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| Paradoxes on the Beat | |
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| Due Process | |
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| Stereotyping | |
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| Discretion | |
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| Coercive Power | |
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| Paramilitarism | |
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| Media Imagery | |
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| Impact | |
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| Officer Anomie | |
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| Subcultural Power and Solidarity | |
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| Summary | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Why Be Ethical? | |
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| Ethics Make Us Human | |
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| Norms, Values, Rules, and Laws | |
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| Why Be Ethical? | |
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| Police Moralizing | |
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| The Ethical Basis for Discretion | |
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| Anomie | |
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| Future Shock | |
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| The Use of Power | |
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| Character as a Focal Point | |
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| Summary | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Ethical Frameworks | |
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| What Is Character? | |
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| Character and Virtue | |
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| Moral Judgment | |
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| Judgments about Possibilities | |
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| Justice | |
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| The Good | |
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| Discretionary Decisions and the Idea of Character | |
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| Revisiting the Idea that "The Police Are the Law" | |
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| Summary | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| The Development of Character | |
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| Working on lt | |
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| Being Yourself … On Purpose | |
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| Developing One's Own Philosophy | |
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| Emotions as a Form of Understanding | |
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| Academic Intelligence | |
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| Emotional Intelligence | |
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| Emotions and Empathy | |
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| Ethical Perception | |
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| Summary | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Ethical Formalism | |
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| The Absolutist Schools | |
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| Duty to God | |
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| Natural Law | |
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| Ethical Formalism: Kant's Theory of Duty | |
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| The Strengths of Kant's Absolutism | |
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| A Critique of Kant and Absolutism | |
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| Summary | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Utilitarianism | |
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| Definitions | |
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| The Happiness of the Majority | |
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| Individual Happiness | |
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| The Advantages of Utilitarianism | |
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| The Limitations of Utilitarianism | |
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| Calculating Good and Evil | |
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| Minority Rights | |
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| Equal "Moral Scores" | |
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| Deterrence: "Punish Anybody" | |
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| Summary | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| An Ethic to Live By | |
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| The Limits of Kant and Mill | |
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| Kant: Duty Trumps the Good | |
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| Mill: What Counts as Good? | |
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| An Ethic to Live By: Maximizing the Good in a Just Way | |
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| The Principle of Beneficence | |
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| Implications | |
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| The Principle of Distributive Justice | |
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| Summary | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Judgment Calls | |
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| Problems of Process | |
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| When Beneficence Conflicts with Justice | |
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| Vagueness and Overbreadth | |
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| The Harm Principle: What's a Legal Problem? | |
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| Substantive Problems | |
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| Victimless Crimes | |
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| American Inequities | |
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| Solving Ethical Dilemmas | |
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| Summary | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| On the Street | |
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| Types of Police Misconduct | |
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| Standards of Conduct | |
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| Cops as Legal Actors | |
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| Cops as Political Actors | |
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| Cops as Administrative Actors | |
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| Typology of Misconduct | |
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| Corruption of Authority | |
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| Police Crime | |
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| Noble Cause Corruption | |
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| Ineptitude | |
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| Personal Misconduct | |
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| Summary | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| The Causes of Police Misconduct | |
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| Generic Deviance | |
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| Greed, Opportunity, and Chance | |
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| Rationalizations | |
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| Subcultural Causes | |
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| American Societal Dynamics | |
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| Causal Specificity | |
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| Dirty Harry Again | |
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| Ineptitude | |
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| The Special Case of Excessive Force | |
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| Summary | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Practical Applications | |
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| Leadership | |
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| The Sergeant | |
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| The Middle Manager | |
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| The Chief | |
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| Non-judicialized Accountability | |
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| The Academy | |
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| The Field Training Officer (FTO) | |
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| Police Departmental Review Boards | |
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| Police Review Systems | |
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| Criteria of Evaluation | |
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| Comparative Police Review Systems | |
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| Analysis | |
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| The Ideal Process? | |
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| What Can One Officer Do? | |
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| Character Revisited | |
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| Summary | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Implications | |
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| The Law Enforcement Code of Ethics | |
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| Codes of Ethics | |
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| A Code Typology | |
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| The Tone of the Law Enforcement Code | |
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| The Code | |
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| Ethical Formalism | |
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| Utilitarianism | |
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| The Code as a "Target" | |
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| Summary | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Being a Good Officer | |
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| Education: The Importance of the Liberal Arts | |
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| The Substance of College | |
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| The Process of College | |
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| Kohlberg: Developing Morality | |
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| Muirand Causing Professionalism | |
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| Being a Good Person | |
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| Final Messages | |
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| Topics for Discussion | |
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| Ethical Scenario | |
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| Writing Exercise | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Bibliographical Essay | |