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| List of Abbreviations | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Manufacture | |
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| Physical Properties | |
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| Chemical Properties | |
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| Safety | |
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| Uses | |
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| References | |
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| Sulfonation and Chlorosulfonation of Organic Compounds | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Mechanism of Sulfonation | |
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| Sulfonation by Halosulfonic Acids | |
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| References | |
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| Reactions of Organic Sulfonyl Chlorides | |
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| Reactions with Nucleophilic Reagents | |
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| Sulfonylation | |
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| References | |
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| Sulfonation and Chlorosulfonation of Aromatic Compounds using Chlorosulfonic Acid | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Aromatic Hydrocarbons | |
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| Monocyclic Systems | |
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| Benzene and its Alkyl Derivatives | |
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| Higher Alkylbenzenes | |
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| Polyalkylbenzenes | |
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| Polycyclic Aromatic Systems | |
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| Compounds not Containing Fused Aromatic Nuclei | |
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| Diarylalkanes | |
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| Biphenyl | |
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| Fluorene | |
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| Compounds Containing Fused Aromatic Nuclei | |
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| Naphthalene | |
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| Alkylnaphthalenes | |
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| Acenaphthene | |
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| Anthracene | |
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| Phenanthrene | |
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| Aryl Halides | |
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| Halobenzenes | |
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| Halobiphenyls and Related Compounds | |
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| Halonaphthalenes | |
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| Haloacenaphthenes | |
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| Haloanthracenes and Phenanthrenes | |
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| Halofluorenes | |
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| Aryl Nitro Compounds | |
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| Phenols | |
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| Naphthols | |
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| Aryl Ethers | |
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| Diphenyl Ether and Derivatives | |
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| Diphenyl Sulfide | |
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| Aromatic Carbonyl Compounds | |
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| Acetophenone | |
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| Benzophenone | |
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| Chalcones | |
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| Diarylideneketones | |
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| Benzils and other Diketones | |
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| Aromatic Carboxylic Acids and Amides | |
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| Benzoic Acid and Derivatives | |
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| Cinnamic Acid | |
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| Phenoxyacetic Acid and Related Acids | |
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| Phenyl and Diphenylacetic Acid | |
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| Benzilic Acid | |
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| Carboxylic Acid Amides | |
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| Aromatic Amines and Related Compounds | |
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| Anilines | |
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| Tertiary Amines | |
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| Acetanilides (N-Acetylarylamines) | |
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| Anilides (N-Benzoylarylamines) | |
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| Sulfonanilides | |
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| Arylureas | |
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| Phenylurea and Related Compounds | |
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| Diarylureas | |
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| Imides | |
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| N-Arylmaleimides | |
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| N-Arylsuccinimides | |
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| N-Arylphthalimides and Related Compounds | |
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| Reaction of Chlorosulfonic Acid with Miscellaneous Compounds | |
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| Azobenzene and Related Compounds | |
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| Azines | |
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| Anils (Schiffs Bases) | |
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| Nitriles (Cyanides) | |
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| Isonitriles (Isocyanides) | |
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| Isocyanates | |
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| Ferrocene (Dicyclopentadienyliron) | |
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| Silicon Compounds | |
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| Ozonides (1,2,4-Trioxolans) | |
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| Triphenylphosphine | |
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| Maleic Anhydride | |
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| Crown Ethers | |
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| Organotin Compounds | |
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| N-Methylhydroxylamine | |
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| Alkyl Nitrates | |
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| Diphenyl Carbonate | |
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| Fluorocarbon Iodides | |
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| Sulfonylamino Acids | |
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| References | |
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| The Reaction of Chlorosulfonic Acid with Aliphatic Compounds | |
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| Hydrocarbons | |
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| Alkanes | |
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| Alkenes and Alkynes | |
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| Alkyl Halides | |
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| Aliphatic Alcohols | |
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| Glycols | |
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| Carbohydrates | |
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| Aliphatic Carbonyl Compounds | |
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| Aldehydes and Ketones with and without [alpha]-Hydrogen Atoms | |
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| Camphor | |
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| Di- and Polyketones | |
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| Paraformaldehyde | |
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| Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids and Derivatives | |
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| Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids | |
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| Carboxylic Esters | |
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| Alkanoyl Chlorides | |
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| Dicarboxylic Acids and Derivatives | |
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| Amides | |
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| [alpha]-Halogenation of Carboxylic Acids | |
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| Aliphatic Acid Anhydrides | |
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| Esterification of Aliphatic Acids | |
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| Aliphatic Amines | |
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| References | |
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| Reactions of Chlorosulfonic Acid with Heterocyclic Compounds | |
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| Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocycles | |
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| Compounds Containing One Hetero Nitrogen Atom | |
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| Pyrrole | |
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| Indole | |
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| Carbazole | |
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| Pyridine | |
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| Quinoline | |
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| Isoquinoline | |
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| Compounds Containing Two or More Hetero Nitro Atoms | |
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| Imidazole | |
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| Benzimidazole | |
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| Pyrimidine | |
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| Pyrazole | |
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| Hydantoins and Barbiturates | |
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| Tetrazoles | |
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| Phthalocyanines (Tetrabenzotetraazaporphines) | |
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| 1,6-Diphenyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-s-triazine | |
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| 3,7-Dihydro-2,6-diphenyl-1,3,5,7-tetraazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-4,8-dione | |
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| 3-Phenyl-1,2,4-triazolen-5-one | |
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| Criss-cross Adducts from Isocyanates and Diaryl Azines | |
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| Criss-cross Adducts from Diaryl Azines and Maleimides or Maleic Anhydride | |
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| Heterocyclic Oxygen Compounds | |
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| Furan | |
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| Benzofuran | |
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| Dibenzofuran | |
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| Coumarins (2-Ketobenzopyrans) | |
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| Chromones (4-Ketobenzopyrans) | |
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| Xanthenes | |
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| Sulfur Heterocycles | |
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| Thiophene | |
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| Benzo[b]thiophene | |
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| Dibenzothiophene | |
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| Dibenzothiophene-5,5-dioxide | |
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| Heterocyclic Compounds with Two or More Different Heteroatoms | |
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| Nitrogen and Oxygen Heterocycles | |
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| Isoxazole and Derivatives | |
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| Oxazoles | |
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| Furazans | |
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| 4-Fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole | |
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| Sydnones | |
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| Nitrogen and Sulfur Heterocycles | |
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| Thiazole and Derivatives | |
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| N-Formylphenothiazine | |
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| References | |
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| Reaction of Chlorosulfonic Acid with Elements and Inorganic Compounds | |
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| Elements | |
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| Inorganic Compounds | |
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| Oxidation-Reduction Reactions | |
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| Sodium Azide | |
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| Nitric Acid | |
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| Sulfanes | |
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| Hydrofluoric Acid | |
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| Hydrogen Peroxide | |
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| References | |
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| Commercial Uses of Chlorosulfonic Acid | |
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| Medicinal Agents | |
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| Agrochemicals | |
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| Synthetic Sweeteners | |
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| Detergents | |
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| Dyes | |
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| Polymers | |
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| Blowing Agents | |
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| References | |
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| Miscellaneous Reactions of Chlorosulfonic Acid | |
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| Halogenation | |
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| Cyclization | |
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| Alkylation | |
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| Polymerization | |
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| Condensation | |
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| Rearrangement | |
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| Other Reactions | |
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| Oxidation | |
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| Reactions with Acids and their Derivatives | |
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| Carboxylic Acids | |
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| Sulfonic Acids | |
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| Decarbonylation of Esters | |
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| Reaction of Chlorosulfonic Acid with Tetrahydrobinor S | |
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| Reaction of Chlorosulfonic Acid with p-Coumaric Acid | |
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| References | |
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| Preparation, Manufacture and Properties of Chlorosulfonic Acid | |
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| Preparation | |
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| Manufacture | |
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| Properties | |
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| World Production | |
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| Toxicity | |
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| References | |
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| Recent References to Chlorosulfonic Acid | |
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| Subject Index | |