| |
| |
| |
| Introduction to Medicolegal Casework | |
| |
| |
| |
| Five Categories of Medicolegal Cases | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cause, Mechanism, and Manner of Death | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Forensic Autopsy versus an External Examination | |
| |
| |
| |
| Three Steps of Medicolegal Death Investigation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Handling of Bodies at the Scene | |
| |
| |
| |
| Handling of Bodies from a Hospital | |
| |
| |
| |
| Handling of Bodies at the Morgue | |
| |
| |
| |
| Identification of Bodies | |
| |
| |
| The Autopsy Report | |
| |
| |
| |
| Heading of Report | |
| |
| |
| |
| External Examination | |
| |
| |
| |
| Evidence of Injury | |
| |
| |
| |
| Internal Examination | |
| |
| |
| |
| Microscopic Examination | |
| |
| |
| |
| Toxicology | |
| |
| |
| |
| Findings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Opinion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Physical Evidence | |
| |
| |
| |
| Types of Physical Evidence | |
| |
| |
| |
| Preservation of Physical Evidence on the Body | |
| |
| |
| |
| Recovery of Physical Evidence | |
| |
| |
| |
| Procedures for Collection of Biological Evidence | |
| |
| |
| |
| Procedures for Collection of Nonbiological Physical Evidence | |
| |
| |
| |
| DNA Analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
| Time of Death-Decomposition | |
| |
| |
| |
| Factors Used in Estimating Time of Death | |
| |
| |
| |
| Decomposition Is Due To | |
| |
| |
| |
| Identification of Remains | |
| |
| |
| |
| Intact, Nondecomposed Human Remains | |
| |
| |
| |
| Decomposed or Charred, Nonskeletonized Human Remains | |
| |
| |
| |
| Skeletonized Human Remains | |
| |
| |
| |
| Samples or Items That Should Be Collected and Retained before the Release of Any Unidentified Body | |
| |
| |
| |
| Natural Disease | |
| |
| |
| Causes of Sudden Natural Death in Adults | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cardiovascular Disease | |
| |
| |
| |
| Central Nervous System Disorders | |
| |
| |
| |
| Respiratory System | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gastrointestinal Tract | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hepatic Disorders | |
| |
| |
| |
| Adrenal Disorders | |
| |
| |
| |
| Splenic Disorders | |
| |
| |
| |
| Miscellaneous Causes of Sudden Death in Adults | |
| |
| |
| Causes of Sudden Natural Death in Infants and Young Children | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Other Disorders Associated with Sudden Death in Infants and Children | |
| |
| |
| |
| Blunt Force Injury | |
| |
| |
| |
| Definition | |
| |
| |
| |
| Abrasions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Contusions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Lacerations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Combination Injuries | |
| |
| |
| |
| Blunt Force Injury to the Chest (Thorax) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Blunt Force Injury to the Abdomen | |
| |
| |
| |
| Blunt Force Injury to the Genitalia (Internal and External) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Skeletal Fractures Due to Blunt Force Trauma | |
| |
| |
| |
| Extremity Injuries Due to Blunt Force Trauma | |
| |
| |
| |
| Head Injuries Caused by Blunt Force Trauma | |
| |
| |
| |
| Neck Injuries Caused by Blunt Force Trauma | |
| |
| |
| |
| Wounds Produced by Pointed, Sharp-Edged, and Chopping Implements | |
| |
| |
| |
| Stab Wounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Incised Wounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Chop Wounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gunshot Wounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Types of Small Arms | |
| |
| |
| |
| Firearms | |
| |
| |
| |
| Caliber | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ammunition | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ballistic Comparison of Bullets | |
| |
| |
| |
| Theory of Wounding | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gunshot Wounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Centerfire Rifle Wounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Microscopic Examination of Gunshot Wounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Effects of Intermediary Targets | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ricochet Bullets | |
| |
| |
| |
| Shotguns | |
| |
| |
| |
| Wounds of Bone | |
| |
| |
| |
| Caliber Determination by Size of Entrance Wounds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Perforation of Skin and Bone | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gunshot Residue | |
| |
| |
| |
| Miscellaneous | |
| |
| |
| |
| Suicide | |
| |
| |
| |
| General Firearm Terminology | |
| |
| |
| |
| Asphyxia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Suffocation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Strangulation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Chemical Asphyxiants | |
| |
| |
| |
| Neck Holds | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deaths during Arrest and in Police Custody: Excited Delirium Syndrome | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deaths Occurring during Arrest - The Excited Delirium Syndrome (EDS) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Mechanisms of Death in EDS | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hogtying - Positional/Restraint Asphyxia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Choke Hold-Related Deaths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tasers | |
| |
| |
| |
| Oleoresin Capsicum (Pepper Spray) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deaths Occurring in jails | |
| |
| |
| |
| Murder of Infants and Children | |
| |
| |
| |
| Statistics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Neonaticide | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deaths in the First 2 Years of Life | |
| |
| |
| |
| Battered Child Syndrome | |
| |
| |
| |
| Impulse Homicides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gentle Homicide | |
| |
| |
| |
| Shaken Baby Syndrome | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sexually Related Homicides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Rape Homicides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Homosexually Related Homicides | |
| |
| |
| |
| Evidence of Chronic Anal Intercourse | |
| |
| |
| |
| Fire and Thermal Injuries | |
| |
| |
| |
| Classification of Burns According to Depth of Injury | |
| |
| |
| |
| Burn Severity Factors | |
| |
| |
| |
| Documentation of Extent and Pattern of Burn | |
| |
| |
| |
| Burn survivability | |
| |
| |
| |
| Clothing and Burns | |
| |
| |
| |
| Six Categories of Burns | |
| |
| |
| |
| Death Due to Burn Injury (Immediate or Delayed) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Charred Bodies | |
| |
| |
| |
| Classification of Fire Deaths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Antemortem versus Postmortem Burns | |
| |
| |
| |
| Transportation Deaths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Motor Vehicle Deaths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pedestrian Deaths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Motorcycle Deaths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Bicycle (Pedal-Cycle) Injuries | |
| |
| |
| |
| Aviation-Related Injuries and Death | |
| |
| |
| |
| Environmental Deaths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Drowning | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hyperthermia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Hypothermia | |
| |
| |
| |
| Lightning | |
| |
| |
| |
| Electrocution | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ohm's Law | |
| |
| |
| |
| Factors Determining Severity of Electrical Injury | |
| |
| |
| |
| Low-Voltage versus High-Voltage Deaths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Resistance and Current Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
| Current Flow through the Body | |
| |
| |
| |
| Electrocution and Loss of Consciousness | |
| |
| |
| |
| Electrical Burns of the Skin | |
| |
| |
| |
| Suicidal Electrocutions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Investigation of Suspected Electrocutions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Third-Rail Electrocutions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Electrical Shock and Pregnancy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Stun Guns | |
| |
| |
| |
| Judicial Electrocutions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deaths in Nursing Homes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deaths in Nursing Homes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Signs of Neglect | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deaths Due to Hospital Bed Side Rails | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deaths Due to Medical Restraints | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deaths Due to Starvation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Malnutrition, Starvation Deaths in General | |
| |
| |
| |
| Nutrition and Body Weight | |
| |
| |
| |
| Physical Manifestations of Starvation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Dehydration Deaths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deaths in Association with Pregnancy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deaths Secondary to Complications of Pregnancy | |
| |
| |
| |
| Abortion-Related Deaths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Intraoperative Deaths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deaths Due to Underlying Disease | |
| |
| |
| |
| Disruption of a Vital Organ during a Procedure | |
| |
| |
| |
| Air Embolism Occurring during Surgery | |
| |
| |
| |
| Anesthetic-Related Deaths | |
| |
| |
| |
| Cause of Death Cannot be Ascertained | |
| |
| |
| |
| Forensic Toxicology | |
| |
| |
| |
| Forensic Toxicology | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tissues To Be Collected | |
| |
| |
| |
| Collection of Materials | |
| |
| |
| |
| Routine Testing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Drug Screens in Medical Examiners' Offices | |
| |
| |
| |
| Thin-Layer Chromatography | |
| |
| |
| |
| Immunoassay Methods of Analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gas Chromatography (GC) | |
| |
| |
| |
| High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Confirmatory Testing | |
| |
| |
| |
| Poisons | |
| |
| |
| |
| Drugs of Abuse | |
| |
| |
| |
| Medications Commonly Associated with Overdose | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ethanol | |
| |
| |
| |
| Methyl Alcohol and Isopropanol | |
| |
| |
| |
| Phencyclidine (PCP) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Drug and Chemical Blood Concentrations | |
| |
| |
| Index | |