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Introduction | |
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Engineering Design | |
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Design Versus Analysis | |
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Synthesis for Design | |
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Selection Versus Design | |
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Design as Part of Engineering Enterprise | |
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Need or Opportunity | |
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Evaluation and Market Analysis | |
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Feasibility and Chances of Success | |
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Engineering Design | |
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Research and Development | |
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Need for Optimization | |
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Fabrication, Testing, and Production | |
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Thermal Systems | |
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Basic Characteristics | |
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Analysis | |
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Types and Examples | |
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Outline and Scope of the Book | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Basic Considerations in Design | |
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Formulation of the Design Problem | |
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Requirements and Specifications | |
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Given Quantities | |
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Design Variables | |
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Constraints or Limitations | |
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Additional Considerations | |
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Conceptual Design | |
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Innovative Conceptual Design | |
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Selection from Available Concepts | |
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Modifications in the Design of Existing Systems | |
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Steps in the Design Process | |
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Physical System | |
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Modeling | |
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Simulation | |
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Evaluation: Acceptable Design | |
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Optimal Design | |
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Safety Features, Automation, and Control | |
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Communicating the Design | |
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Patents and Copyrights | |
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Computer-Aided Design | |
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Main Features | |
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Computer-Aided Design of Thermal Systems | |
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Material Selection | |
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Different Materials | |
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Material Properties and Characteristics for Thermal Systems | |
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Selection and Substitution of Materials | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Modeling of Thermal Systems | |
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Introduction | |
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Importance of Modeling in Design | |
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Basic Features of Modeling | |
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Types of Models | |
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Analog Models | |
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Mathematical Models | |
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Physical Models | |
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Numerical Models | |
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Interaction Between Models | |
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Other Classifications | |
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Mathematical Modeling | |
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General Procedure | |
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Final Model and Validation | |
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Physical Modeling and Dimensional Analysis | |
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Dimensional Analysis | |
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Modeling and Similitude | |
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Overall Physical Model | |
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Curve Fitting | |
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Exact Fit | |
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Best Fit | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Numerical Modeling and Simulation | |
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Numerical Modeling | |
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General Features | |
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Development of a Numerical Model | |
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Available Software | |
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Solution Procedures | |
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Linear Algebraic Systems | |
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Nonlinear Algebraic Systems | |
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Ordinary Differential Equations | |
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Partial Differential Equations | |
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Numerical Model for a System | |
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Modeling of Individual Components | |
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Merging of Different Models | |
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Accuracy and Validation | |
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System Simulation | |
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Importance of Simulation | |
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Different Classes | |
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Flow of Information | |
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Methods for Numerical Simulation | |
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Steady Lumped Systems | |
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Dynamic Simulation of Lumped Systems | |
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Distributed Systems | |
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Simulation of Large Systems | |
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Numerical Simulation Versus Real System | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Acceptable Design of a Thermal System: A Synthesis of Different Design Steps | |
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Introduction | |
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Initial Design | |
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Design Strategies | |
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Commonly Used Design Approach | |
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Other Strategies | |
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Iterative Redesign Procedure | |
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Design of Systems from Different Application Areas | |
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Manufacturing Processes | |
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Cooling of Electronic Equipment | |
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Environmental Systems | |
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Heat Transfer Equipment | |
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Fluid Flow Systems | |
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Other Areas | |
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Design of Components Versus Design of Systems | |
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Additional Considerations for Large Practical Systems | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Economic Considerations | |
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Introduction | |
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Calculation of Interest | |
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Simple Interest | |
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Compound Interest | |
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Continuous Compounding | |
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Effective Interest Rate | |
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Worth of Money as a Function of Time | |
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Present Worth | |
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Future Worth | |
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Inflation | |
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Series of Payments | |
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Future Worth of Uniform Series of Amounts | |
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Present Worth of Uniform Series of Amounts | |
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Continuous Compounding in a Series of Amounts | |
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Changing Amount in Series of Payments | |
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Shift in Time | |
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Different Frequencies | |
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Changes in Schedule | |
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Raising Capital | |
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Bonds | |
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Stocks | |
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Taxes | |
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Inclusion of Taxes | |
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Depreciation | |
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Economic Factor in Design | |
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Cost Comparison | |
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Rate of Return | |
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Application to Thermal Systems | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Problem Formulation for Optimization | |
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Introduction | |
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Optimization in Design | |
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Final Optimized Design | |
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Basic Concepts | |
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Objective Function | |
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Constraints | |
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Operating Conditions Versus Hardware | |
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Mathematical Formulation | |
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Optimization Methods | |
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Calculus Methods | |
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Search Methods | |
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Linear and Dynamic Programming | |
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Geometric Programming | |
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Other Methods | |
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Optimization of Thermal Systems | |
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Important Considerations | |
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Different Approaches | |
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Different Types of Thermal Systems | |
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Examples | |
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Consideration of the Second Law of Thermodynamics | |
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Practical Aspects in Optimal Design | |
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Choice of Variables for Optimization | |
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Sensitivity Analysis | |
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Dependence on Objective Function: Trade-Offs | |
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Multi-Objective Optimization | |
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Part of Overall Design Strategy | |
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Change of Concept or Model | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Lagrange Multipliers | |
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Introduction to Calculus Methods | |
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The Lagrange Multiplier Method | |
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Basic Approach | |
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Physical Interpretation | |
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Significance of the Multipliers | |
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Optimization of Unconstrained Problems | |
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Use of Gradients for Optimization | |
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Determination of Minimum or Maximum | |
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Conversion of Constrained to Unconstrained Problem | |
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Optimization of Constrained Problems | |
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Applicability to Thermal Systems | |
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Use of Curve Fitting | |
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Examples | |
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Inequality Constraints | |
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Some Practical Considerations | |
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Computational Approach | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Search Methods | |
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Basic Considerations | |
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Importance of Search Methods | |
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Types of Approaches | |
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Application to Thermal Systems | |
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Single-Variable Problem | |
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Uniform Exhaustive Search | |
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Dichotomous Search | |
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Fibonacci Search | |
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Golden Section and Other Search Methods | |
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Comparison of Different Elimination Methods | |
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Unconstrained Search with Multiple Variables | |
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Lattice Search | |
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Univariate Search | |
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Steepest Ascent/Descent Method | |
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Multivariable Constrained Optimization | |
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Penalty Function Method | |
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Search Along a Constraint | |
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Examples of Thermal Systems | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Geometric, Linear, and Dynamic Programming and Other Methods for Optimization | |
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Geometric Programming | |
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Applicability | |
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Unconstrained Optimization | |
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Mathematical Proof | |
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Constrained Optimization | |
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Nonzero Degree of Difficulty | |
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Linear Programming | |
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Dynamic Programming | |
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Other Methods | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Knowledge-Based Design and Additional Considerations | |
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Knowledge-Based Systems | |
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Introduction | |
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Basic Components | |
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Expert Knowledge | |
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Design Methodology | |
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Application to Thermal Systems | |
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Additional Constraints | |
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Professional Ethics | |
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Sources of Information | |
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An Overview of Design of Thermal Systmes | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Problems | |
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Design Projects | |
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Computer Programs | |
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Material Properties | |
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Interest Tables | |
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Heat Transfer Correlations | |
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Index | |