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| Preface | |
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| American Culture | |
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| Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Count Nouns | |
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| Noncount Nouns | |
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| Mass Nouns | |
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| Abstract Nouns | |
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| Nouns that are Both Count and Noncount | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Count and Noncount Expressions of Quantity | |
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| (A) Few/ (A) Little | |
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| Special Problems | |
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| Focus on Writing: Possessive Nouns | |
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| Composition Topics | |
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| A Quick Review | |
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| Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Overview of the Simple Present and Simple Past Tenses | |
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| Special Problem 1: Time Words and the Simple Present | |
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| Special Problem 2: Irregular Verbs | |
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| Possible Spelling Patterns for Irregular Verbs | |
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| Future Forms | |
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| Focus on Writing: Spelling Rules | |
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| Composition Topics | |
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| Taking It Easy | |
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| Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Perfect Aspect | |
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| Forms | |
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| A Comparison: Simple vs. Perfect Tenses | |
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| Uses: The Present Perfect | |
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| Time Words: Present Perfect | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Past Perfect Tense | |
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| Time Words: Past Perfect | |
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| Future Perfect Tense | |
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| Special Problems with Simple and Perfect Tenses | |
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| Focus on Writing: Shifting Time Frames | |
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| Composition Topics | |
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| Making It! Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Simple Progressives | |
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| Forms | |
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| Uses of Simple vs. Simple Progressive: A Comparison | |
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| Perfect Progressives | |
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| Forms | |
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| Uses | |
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| Uses of Present Perfect vs. Present Perfect Progressive: A Comparison | |
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| A Comparison: Future Perfect Progressive vs. Future Perfect | |
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| Time Expressions | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Preview | |
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| Verbs Not Used in the Progressive | |
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| Voluntary and Involuntary Verbs | |
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| Other Verbs Not Used in the Progressive | |
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| Special Problems with the Progressive | |
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| Focus on Writing: Using the Present Progressive for Contemporary Issues | |
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| Composition Topics | |
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| Verb Integration Exercises | |
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| Health And Fitness | |
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| Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Phrases and Clauses | |
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| The Parts of a Sentence | |
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| The Subject | |
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| The Verb | |
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| Direct Objects | |
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| Complements | |
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| Sentence Types | |
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| Sentence Types According to Function | |
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| Sentence Types According to Structure | |
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| Focus on Writing | |
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| Sentence Fragments | |
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| Run-on Sentences | |
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| Special Problems | |
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| Composition Topics | |
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| Expanding Horizons | |
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| Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Forms of Noun Clauses | |
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| Noun Clauses | |
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| Connecting Words | |
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| Functions of Noun Clauses | |
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| Direct Speech | |
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| Reporting Speech | |
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| Reporting Statements | |
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| Reporting Questions | |
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| Indirect Questions | |
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| Reporting Imperatives | |
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| Reporting Connected Discourse | |
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| Reporting Phrases and Exclamations | |
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| Reporting Several Statements by One Speaker | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Preview | |
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| Special Considerations in Indirect Speech | |
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| Optional Cases | |
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| Other Cases | |
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| The Subjunctive Form After Expressions of Urgency | |
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| The Subjunctive Form After Verbs of Request | |
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| Reduction of Noun Clauses | |
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| Noun Clauses in Subject Position | |
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| Special Problems with Noun Composition Topics | |
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| Making A Difference | |
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| Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Adjective Clause: Form | |
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| Types of Adjective Clauses | |
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| Restrictive Clauses: Relative Words | |
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| Whose | |
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| Object of Prepositions | |
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| Relative Words of Place and Time | |
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| Special Uses of Restrictive Adjective Clauses | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Preview | |
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| Nonrestrictive Adjective Clauses | |
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| Test for Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Clauses | |
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| When to Use Nonrestrictive Adjective Clauses | |
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| Adjective Clauses That Modify Sentences | |
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| Nonrestrictive Clauses After Expressions of Quantity | |
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| Adjective Clause Reduction of Restrictive Clauses | |
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| Adjective Clause Reduction of Nonrestrictive Clauses | |
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| Special Problems with Adjective Clause Use | |
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| Focus on Writing: Sentence Combining | |
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| Composition Topics | |
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| Making Choices | |
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| Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Adverb Clauses: Position and Punctuation | |
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| Summary Chart of Adverb Clause Use | |
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| Time Clauses | |
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| Place Clauses | |
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| Result Clauses | |
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| Such...that Constructions | |
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| So...that Constructions | |
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| Direct Contrast and Opposition Clauses | |
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| Reduction of Contrast and Cause Clauses to Prepositions | |
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| Purpose Clauses | |
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| Modal Choice with So That Constructions | |
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| Manner Clauses | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Preview | |
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| Adverb Clause Reduction: An Overview | |
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| Clause Reduction: Time | |
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| Clause Reduction: Reason | |
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| Clause Reduction: Opposition | |
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| Clause Reduction: Having + Past Participle | |
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| Clause Reduction: The Passive | |
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| Special Problems with Adverb Clause Use | |
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| Focus on Writing: Sentence Combining | |
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| Composition Topics | |
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| Health And Fitness. II | |
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| Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Sentence Variety | |
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| Addition | |
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| Concession | |
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| Opposition | |
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| Cause/Effect | |
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| Comparison | |
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| Special Problems with Sentences | |
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| Focus on Writing: Parallelism | |
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| Analysis of an Authentic Text | |
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| Focus on Writing | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Article Use: An Overview | |
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| Using A / An (The Indefinite Articles) | |
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| Using The (Definite Article) | |
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| No Article | |
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| Making Generalizations | |
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| Some Exceptions to the Article Rules | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Preview | |
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| Subject-Verb Agreement | |
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| General Principles | |
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| Some Special Cases | |
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| Collective Nouns | |
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| Special Problems with Article Usage and Subject-Verb Agreement | |
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| Focus on Writing: Definitions | |
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| Composition Topics | |
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| The Spirit Of America | |
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| Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Active to Passive Transformation | |
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| Passive Voice in Different Verb Tenses | |
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| Verbs that can be Passive | |
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| Modals, Infinitives and Gerunds in the Passive Voice | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| When to use the Passive | |
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| When to use the Agent | |
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| Differences Between the Be passive and the Get passive | |
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| Special Problems with the Passive | |
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| Focus on Writing: Passive Voice | |
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| Composition Topics | |
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| Dating And Marriage | |
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| Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Modal Forms | |
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| The Functions of Modals | |
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| Expectations and Conclusion: Should/ Ought to/ Must | |
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| Suggestion/ Recommendation/ Advice | |
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| Description: Should | |
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| Present and Past Habitual Activity: Used To/ Would | |
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| The Communicative Functions of Can/ Could/ Be Able To | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Preview | |
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| Perfect Modals | |
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| Perfect Modal Forms | |
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| The Functions of Perfect Modals | |
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| Focus on Writing: Passive and Progressive After Modals | |
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| Analysis of an Authentic Text | |
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| Composition Topics | |
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| Urban Living | |
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| Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| The Structure of the Conditional Sentence | |
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| The Function of Conditional Sentences | |
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| Future Conditional | |
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| Low Probability in the Future Conditional | |
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| Present Unreal Conditional | |
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| Past Unreal Conditional | |
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| Habits and Facts | |
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| Grammatical Patterns | |
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| Preview | |
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| Mixed Time References in Conditional Sentences | |
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| Wish and Hope | |
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| Wish and Hope for Present Time References | |
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| Wish and Hope for Past Time References | |
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| Wish and Hope for Future Time References | |
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| Making Inferences | |
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| Shortened Forms | |
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| Special Problems with Conditional Sentences | |
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| Focus on Writing: Expressing Ideas | |
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| Analysis of an Authentic Text | |
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| Composition Topics | |
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| Age Is A State Of Mind | |
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| Preview | |
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| Grammatical Patterns: | |