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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Abbreviations | |
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| Setting the Scene: The "Fair Field of Folk" | |
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| Bible and Church: The Questions Begin | |
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| The Idea of Church | |
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| A New Idea | |
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| The Emergence of Ministers as Leaders | |
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| Local Churches and the Universal Church | |
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| The Idea of Faith | |
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| What Do We Believe? Trying to Put the Faith in a Nutshell | |
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| One Faith and Different Rites | |
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| Where Was the Bible? | |
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| Adding to the Old Testament | |
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| Creating a Standard Text of the Bible for Use in the West | |
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| The Ministry of the Word in the Early Church | |
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| Finding Many Meanings in Scripture | |
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| Becommg and Remaining a Member of the Church | |
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| The Doctrine of Baptism Emerges | |
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| Insiders and Outsiders: Cyprian and the Rigorist Approach to the Problem of Apostasy | |
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| Penance and the Recurring Problem of Sin | |
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| The Eucharist and the Idea of Sacraments | |
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| Eucharist | |
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| Sacraments | |
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| Organization, Making Decisions and Keeping Together | |
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| Councils and Other Ways of Making Decisions | |
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| The Fifteenth-Century Bid for Conciliarism Instead of Primatial Government of the Church | |
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| The Church and the State | |
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| The Two Swords | |
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| The Body Politic, the City, the Corporation and the Church | |
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| Titles and Benefices and the Growing Problem of the Church's Wealth | |
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| Continuity and Change in the Middle Ages | |
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| Monastic Life, Monastic Education and Awakening Social Concerns | |
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| Guibert of Nogent: Monk and Social Commentator | |
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| Monasteries as Powerhouses of Education | |
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| The Beginning of Academic Theology and the Invention of Universities | |
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| The Invention of Universities | |
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| Bible Study and the Beginning of Academic Theology | |
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| The Evangelical Urge and the Wandering Preachers | |
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| Preaching Becomes Popular Again | |
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| The Formal Rhetorical Art of Preaching | |
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| The Franciscans and the Dominicans | |
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| Religious Experiments by the Laity | |
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| Working People, Active Orders | |
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| Exemplary Individuals and Being an Example to Others | |
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| Glimpses of Ordinary Lives: Learning What to Believe and How to Live | |
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| The Church Fosters the Mixed Life | |
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| Rebels, Repression and the Stirrings of Reform | |
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| Social Comment and the Debate About Poverty | |
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| John Wyclif | |
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| John Hus | |
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| Continuity and Change from the Reformation | |
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| Renaissance | |
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| The Rediscovery of the Greek and Hebrew Scriptures | |
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| The Biblical Languages and the Universities | |
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| Humanism or Scholasticism: The Two Ways | |
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| Luther and His Heirs: The Moderate Reformers | |
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| The Conversion of Martin Luther and Its Consequences | |
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| Melanchthon, Moderation and Building a Bridge Between the Academic and the Popular | |
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| Creating a Lutheran Doctrinal System | |
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| Henry VIII and the English Reformation | |
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| Peaceful Extremists? The Anabaptist Heirs of the Medieval Sects | |
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| Huldreich Zwingli and the Battle with the Anabaptists | |
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| Lutheran "Good Citizens" and Anabaptist Anarchy" | |
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| Calvin and His Heirs: The Reformed Churches | |
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| John Calvin | |
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| France, Huguenots and Some Notable Women | |
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| John Knox and Scotland | |
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| The English Reformation Turns Reformed | |
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| Puritans Leave for the New World | |
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| The Counter-Reformation | |
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| Responding to the Challenge: Reforming Moves in Rome | |
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| Science and the Bible from a Roman Catholic Perspective | |
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| Church and State Again: New Political Dimensions of the Idea of Order | |
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| Bible Questions Continue | |
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| Wrestling with the Humanity of Scripture | |
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| Textual Difficulties and Translation Issues | |
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| The Style and Obscurity of Scripture | |
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| Increasingly Radical Divergences of Opinion and Practice | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Handlist of Reformation Concerns and Their History | |
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| Select Bibliography | |
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| Author Index | |
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| Subject Index | |
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| Scripture Index | |